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https://read.qxmd.com/read/38396973/autoimmune-autonomic-neuropathy-from-pathogenesis-to-diagnosis
#1
REVIEW
Shunya Nakane, Haruki Koike, Tomohiro Hayashi, Yuji Nakatsuji
Autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy (AAG) is a disease of autonomic failure caused by ganglionic acetylcholine receptor (gAChR) autoantibodies. Although the detection of autoantibodies is important for distinguishing the disease from other neuropathies that present with autonomic dysfunction, other factors are important for accurate diagnosis. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the clinical features of AAG, highlighting differences in clinical course, clinical presentation, and laboratory findings from other neuropathies presenting with autonomic symptoms...
February 15, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38352138/guillain-barr%C3%A3-syndrome-post-sars-cov-2-vaccine-a-systematic-review-and-data-analysis-on-its-clinical-laboratory-electrophysiological-and-radiological-features
#2
REVIEW
Kawther Hadhiah, Ali Alhashim, Hassan A Al-Dandan, Eman Alhassan, Abdulaziz M Alqarni, Abdullah Adil A Memish, Majed Alabdali
INTRODUCTION: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare disease that affects almost 0.8-1.9 cases per 100,000 people worldwide every year. This is the most prevalent cause of subacute flaccid paralyzing illness today. It is a subacute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy; the typical scenario involves ascending symmetrical flaccid paralysis, but in some circumstances, sensory, autonomic, and cranial neuropathy may also be involved. Several vaccines have been found to have complications since the previous century...
2024: Frontiers in Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37853169/canvas-related-rfc1-mutations-in-patients-with-immune-mediated-neuropathy
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Makito Hirano, Motoi Kuwahara, Yuko Yamagishi, Makoto Samukawa, Kanako Fujii, Shoko Yamashita, Masahiro Ando, Nobuyuki Oka, Mamoru Nagano, Taro Matsui, Toshihide Takeuchi, Kazumasa Saigoh, Susumu Kusunoki, Hiroshi Takashima, Yoshitaka Nagai
Cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy, and vestibular areflexia syndrome (CANVAS) has recently been attributed to biallelic repeat expansions in RFC1. More recently, the disease entity has expanded to atypical phenotypes, including chronic neuropathy without cerebellar ataxia or vestibular areflexia. Very recently, RFC1 expansions were found in patients with Sjögren syndrome who had neuropathy that did not respond to immunotherapy. In this study RFC1 was examined in 240 patients with acute or chronic neuropathies, including 105 with Guillain-Barré syndrome or Miller Fisher syndrome, 76 with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, and 59 with other types of chronic neuropathy...
October 18, 2023: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37842383/refining-the-pulmonary-and-functional-competencies-in-a-male-patient-with-guillain-barr%C3%A3-syndrome
#4
Sawari S Bhagwatkar, Pallavi Harjpal
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is the most prevalent form of autoimmune-related acute demyelinating polyneuropathy that affects people of any age group. Its global prevalence is 1.9 per 100,000 people. Acute or subacute symmetrical motor and sensory neuropathy involving several peripheral nerves is referred to as GBS. It typically occurs after an infection caused by a virus, but infrequently with surgery or vaccination. There are different variants of GBS, like acute sensory axonal neuropathy, acute motor axonal neuropathy, and Miller-Fisher syndrome...
September 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37723913/a-case-report-of-guillain-barr%C3%A3-syndrome-in-association-with-sars-cov-2-vaccination-in-malaysia
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hoe Leong Sii, Sin Hui Ng, Voon Fei Wong, Wan Chung Law
PURPOSE: Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) associated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccine administration is very rare. Early recognition of GBS at early stage could prevent extensive nerve damage with potential respiratory and autonomic failure. CASE REPORT: We report a case of paraparetic spectrum of GBS in a 53-year-old lady who presented with rapidly progressive acute flaccid paralysis involving both lower extremities with areflexia eight days after the first dose of Sinovac vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 in Malaysia...
December 30, 2023: Acta Neurologica Taiwanica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37476105/guillain-barr%C3%A3-syndrome-presenting-as-painful-weakness-and-edema-of-the-legs-a-case-report
#6
Amteshwar Singh, Evani Jain, Venus Sharma, Amitasha Sinha, Waseem Khaliq
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune inflammatory polyneuropathy, which can be challenging to diagnose due to variability in the initial presenting features. Pain, flaccid paresis, motor sensory disturbance, hyporeflexia, and autonomic dysfunction are the typical manifestations, although atypical features, such as ataxia, neck stiffness, dysphagia, ophthalmoplegia, bulbar palsy, and isolated upper limb weakness, may be seen. It may also progress to fatal respiratory depression. As such, timely diagnosis and treatment are essential...
June 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37466117/persistent-post-covid-19-neuromuscular-symptoms
#7
REVIEW
Rory M C Abrams, Lan Zhou, Susan C Shin
Neuromuscular symptoms may develop or persist after resolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Besides residual sensorimotor symptoms associated with acute neuromuscular complications of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), such as Guillain-Barré syndrome, critical illness neuromyopathy, and rhabdomyolysis, patients may report persistent autonomic symptoms, sensory symptoms, and muscle symptoms in the absence of these acute complications, including palpitations, orthostatic dizziness and intolerance, paresthesia, myalgia, and fatigue...
October 2023: Muscle & Nerve
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37391946/relation-of-neutrophil-lymphocyte-ratio-with-clinical-severity-in-patients-with-guillain-barre-syndrome
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
S Banerjee, M Bhattacharjee, M I Hossain, M S Hossain, S Roy, M Shahiduzzaman, S Dey, S A Losy
Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is an acute autoimmune polyradiculoneuropathy. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a novel prognostic and inflammatory marker in patients with neurological diseases. The study was designed to observe the relation between neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and the clinical severity in patients with Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS). This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the department of Neurology and Medicine, Mymensingh Medical College and Hospital from April 2019 to September 2020...
July 2023: Mymensingh Medical Journal: MMJ
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37016305/gadolinium-enhancement-in-cervical-dorsal-roots-in-a-patient-with-acute-autonomic-and-sensory-neuropathy-a-case-report
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Du Hwan Kim, Jang Hyuk Cho, Mathieu Boudier-Revéret, Min Cheol Chang
BACKGROUND: We report an enhancement of the dorsal roots on gadolinium-enhanced cervical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a patient with acute autonomic and sensory neuropathy (AASN). CASE PRESENTATION: A 38-year-old woman visited our university hospital for dizziness and fainting while rising from sitting or lying down and a tingling sensation in the whole body, including her limbs, torso, and abdomen, which was sustained for 15 days. The patient had hyperalgesia in nearly her entire body and slight motor weakness in her bilateral upper and lower limbs...
April 4, 2023: BMC Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36561022/diabetic-amyotrophy-bruns-garland-syndrome-a-narrative-review
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ayush Agarwal, M V Padma Srivastava, Venugopalan Y Vishnu
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Bruns-Garland syndrome (BGS) continues to be a contentious topic even 100 years after its discovery. Its lifelong incidence is 1% amongst diabetic individuals and affects middle aged-elderly individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (usually not poorly controlled). METHODS: The data presented in this review was collated from studies published on PubMed, MEDLINE and Google Scholar in October 2021. The search words included: "Bruns-Garland syndrome", "diabetic amyotrophy" and "diabetic lumbosacral radiculoplexus neuropathy" and "proximal diabetic neuropathy"...
2022: Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36169757/network-autonomic-analysis-of-post-acute-sequelae-of-covid-19-and-postural-tachycardia-syndrome
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peter Novak, Matthew P Giannetti, Emily Weller, Matthew J Hamilton, Shibani S Mukerji, Haitham S Alabsi, David Systrom, Sadie P Marciano, Donna Felsenstein, William J Mullally, David M Pilgrim, Mariana Castells
BACKGROUND: The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a complex network where sympathetic and parasympathetic domains interact inside and outside of the network. Correlation-based network analysis (NA) is a novel approach enabling the quantification of these interactions. The aim of this study is to assess the applicability of NA to assess relationships between autonomic, sensory, respiratory, cerebrovascular, and inflammatory markers on post-acute sequela of COVID-19 (PASC) and postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS)...
December 2022: Neurological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35864917/seropositive-neuromyelitis-optica-in-a-case-of-undiagnosed-ankylosing-spondylitis-a-neuro-rheumatological-conundrum
#12
Ritwik Ghosh Md, Devlina Roy, Moisés León-Ruiz, Shambaditya Das, Souvik Dubey, Julián Benito-León
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune astrocytopathy against foot processes of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channels. Patients with NMOSD tend to have other coexisting autoimmune/connective tissue diseases. However, AQP-4-antibody-positive NMOSD coexisting with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is rare. AS is an immune-mediated disorder, a subset of axial spondyloarthropathies, which commonly manifests as chronic inflammatory back pain in young people, and it has a strong association with HLA-B27...
2022: Qatar Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35812635/small-fiber-neuropathy-associated-with-the-moderna-sars-cov-2-vaccine
#13
Farzam Khokhar, Anum Khan, Zaid Hussain, Jianghong Yu
Efforts of controlling viral transmission began soon after the first cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections were identified. Initial efforts were related to contact precautions, hand hygiene, and mask-wearing; however, it was soon evident that a robust global immunization drive was the most effective way to curb disease transmission. In the United States, the first doses of COVID-19 vaccines were rolled out soon after the FDA granted emergency use authorization for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine...
June 2022: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35784971/sjogren-syndrome-associated-autonomic-neuropathy
#14
Nourhan Chaaban, Timothy Shaver, Shilpa Kshatriya
Sjogren syndrome (SS) is one of the common autoimmune diseases characterized by dryness of the eyes and mouth described as "xerophthalmia" and "xerostomia," respectively. Affected patients may also experience complex neurological symptoms characterized by extremity paresthesia and pain as well as dizziness and presyncope. In fact, patients may present initially with pure neurological symptoms. Thus, the diagnosis of SS remains a clinical challenge. We report a case here of a patient with primary Sjogren syndrome (pSS) experiencing severe autonomic neuropathy symptoms...
June 2022: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35634589/frequency-of-neuropathic-pain-and-its-effects-on-rehabilitation-outcomes-balance-function-and-quality-of-life-among-people-with-traumatic-spinal-cord-injury
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Muhammad Idrees Khan, Aatik Arsh, Ikram Ali, Aman Khan Afridi
Background & Objectives: Traumatic Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition that results in life long disability. Impairments associated with traumatic SCI such as sensory, motor, and autonomic dysfunctions lead to an array of secondary SCI-specific complications. Neuropathic pain is one of the most common medical complications of traumatic SCI which significantly affects motor function and activities of daily living (ADL) in people with traumatic SCI. Neuropathic pain is one of the main factors for dependency, decreased quality of life (QOL), poor rehabilitation outcomes, and depression in traumatic SCI individuals...
March 2022: Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences Quarterly
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35611338/neuropathic-symptoms-with-sars-cov-2-vaccination
#16
Farinaz Safavi, Lindsey Gustafson, Brian Walitt, Tanya Lehky, Sara Dehbashi, Amanda Wiebold, Yair Mina, Susan Shin, Baohan Pan, Michael Polydefkis, Anne Louise Oaklander, Avindra Nath
Background and Objectives: Various peripheral neuropathies, particularly those with sensory and autonomic dysfunction may occur during or shortly after acute COVID-19 illnesses. These appear most likely to reflect immune dysregulation. If similar manifestations can occur with the vaccination remains unknown. Results: In an observational study, we studied 23 patients (92% female; median age 40years) reporting new neuropathic symptoms beginning within 1 month after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination...
May 17, 2022: medRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34998626/-pathophysiological-and-diagnostic-aspects-of-guillain-barr%C3%A3-syndrome
#17
REVIEW
V T Carpentier, L Le Guennec, S A A Fall, K Viala, S Demeret, N Weiss
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is the most common cause of acute neuropathy. It usually onset with a rapidly progressive ascending bilateral weakness with sensory disturbances, and patients may require intensive treatment and close monitoring as about 30% have a respiratory muscle weakness and about 10% have autonomic dysfunction. The diagnosis of GBS is based on clinical history and examination. Complementary examinations are performed to rule out a differential diagnosis and to secondarily confirm the diagnosis...
July 2022: La Revue de Médecine Interne
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34969212/genetic-aspects-of-pain-and-its-variability-in-the-human-population
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wojciech Wiesław Świtała, Olga Szymańska-Adamcewicz, Szymon Jurga, Emilia Pilchowska-Ujma, Jan Krakowiak
The sensation of pain is common to both animals and human beings. Its threshold, intensity, tolerability, and characteristics are variable and depend on ethnicity, gender, stress exposure, co-existing mental disorders, such as depression or anxiety, social and economical background, as well as on genetic factors. It is estimated that about 5 and 20 percent of population suffer from acute and chronic pain, respectively, which results in the search for medical advice in healthcare facilities, and causes great expenses in health care budgets worldwide...
December 29, 2021: Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine: AAEM
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34751638/immune-mechanisms-the-role-of-complement-and-related-therapies-in-autoimmune-neuropathies
#19
REVIEW
Norman Latov
INTRODUCTION: Autoimmune neuropathies have diverse presentations and underlying immune mechanisms. Demonstration of efficacy of therapeutic agents that inhibit the complement cascade would confirm the role of complement activation. AREAS COVERED: A review of the pathophysiology of the autoimmune neuropathies, to identify those that are likely to be complement mediated. EXPERT OPINION: Complement mediated mechanisms are implicated in the acute and chronic neuropathies associated with IgG or IgM antibodies that target the Myelin Associated Glycoprotein (MAG) or gangliosides in the peripheral nerves...
December 2021: Expert Review of Clinical Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34727992/post-coronavirus-disease-2019-polyneuropathy-with-significant-response-to-immunoglobulin-therapy-a-case-report
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A Saleh, R Jung, S Tonner, F Hornof, M Strittmatter
BACKGROUND: The symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019, caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, were originally assumed to be mainly respiratory. With increasing knowledge, however, it turned out that the spectrum of complaints varies broadly with age and concomitant diseases. While many neurological symptoms were reported in the context of the disease, ranging from permanent fatigue to recurrent headaches and concentration disturbance, treatment approaches are still in development...
November 2, 2021: Journal of Medical Case Reports
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