keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38547327/commercial-tobacco-endgame-goals-early-experiences-from-six-countries
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Janine Nip, Louise Thornley, Robert Schwartz, Rob Cunningham, Mervi Hara, Luke Clancy, David Evans, Fenton Howell, Sheila Duffy, Hans Gilljam, Richard Edwards
INTRODUCTION: Tobacco use is a major threat to health globally. A number of countries have adopted 'endgame goals' to minimise smoking prevalence. The INSPIRED project aims to describe and compare the experiences of the first six countries to adopt an endgame goal. METHODS: Data were collected on the initial experiences of endgame goals in Canada, Finland, Ireland, New Zealand (Aotearoa), Scotland, and Sweden up to 2018. Information was collated on the nature of the endgame goals, associated interventions and strategies, potential enablers and barriers, and perceived advantages and disadvantages...
March 28, 2024: Nicotine & Tobacco Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546945/structural-racism-related-state-laws-and-healthcare-access-among-black-latine-and-white-u-s-adults
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dougie Zubizarreta, Ariel L Beccia, Jarvis T Chen, Jaquelyn L Jahn, S Bryn Austin, Madina Agénor
Racialized healthcare inequities in the USA remain glaring, yet root causes are understudied. To address this gap, we created a state-level structural racism legal index (SRLI) using the Structural Racism-Related State Law Database and analyzed its association with racialized inequities in four outcomes (lacking health insurance coverage, lacking a personal doctor, avoiding care due to cost, lacking a routine check-up) from the 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (N = 454,834). To obtain predicted probabilities by SRLI quartiles (Q1 = less structural racism, Q4 = more structural racism) and racialized group, we fit survey-weighted multilevel logistic models adjusted for individual- and state-level covariates...
March 28, 2024: Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546775/attention-deficit-and-hyperactivity-disorder-and-use-of-psychostimulants-in-aotearoa-new-zealand-exploring-the-treatment-gap
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Steven Lillis
Introduction Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder affecting about 7% of those aged up to 12 years, 5% of teenagers and 3% of adults. It is associated with poor academic performance, substance abuse, criminality, poor social functioning and other negative outcomes. Psychotherapeutic treatment is moderately successful, whereas pharmacotherapy with stimulant medication is more efficacious and is recommended in many international guidelines. Anecdotal evidence suggests underuse of these medications in Aotearoa, New Zealand...
March 2024: Journal of Primary Health Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546562/ethnic-inequality-between-arabs-and-jews-in-israel-in-global-life-satisfaction-a-social-determinants-examination-among-young-adults
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Netta Achdut
Global life satisfaction (GLS), a core construct of subjective well-being, plays a vital role in positive development among young adults. Persistent inequality in subjective well-being across minority versus majority groups is a growing public health concern. However, research evidence on the minority-majority disparity in GLS among representative samples of young adults is scarce. Based on national data from Israel ( N = 2,405), this study examines (a) the association of multiple forms of economic (not in education, employment, or training status, subjective socioeconomic status indicators), social-relational (trust, discrimination, loneliness), and environmental determinants (neighborhood conditions) with GLS among young adults from a minority-majority (Israeli Arabs-Israeli Jews) perspective; (b) whether minority-majority disparity in GLS can be explained by differential health returns for the determinants considered across participants from the two groups; (c) whether minority-majority disparities in GLS persist when controlling for these determinants, suggesting the effect of ethnicity per se...
March 28, 2024: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546482/racial-differences-in-treatment-intensity-at-the-end-of-life-among-older-adults-with-heart-failure-evidence-from-the-health-and-retirement-study
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sara G McCleskey, Arturo Vargas Bustamante, Sangeeta C Ahluwalia, Teryl K Nuckols, Gerald F Kominski, Emmeline Chuang
Background: Black Americans experience the highest prevalence of heart failure (HF) and the worst clinical outcomes of any racial or ethnic group, but little is known about end-of-life care for this population. Objective: Compare treatment intensity between Black and White older adults with HF near the end of life. Design: Negative binomial and logistic regression analyses of pooled, cross-sectional data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Setting/Subjects: A total of 1607 U.S. adults aged 65 years and older with HF who identify as Black or White, and whose proxy informant participated in an HRS exit interview between 2002 and 2016...
March 28, 2024: Journal of Palliative Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545307/inequalities-in-access-to-information-the-case-of-cancer-patients-treated-at-the-prefecture-of-meknes-morocco-qualitative-research-in-sociology
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Oussama Rharib, Mohammed Ababou
BACKGROUND: If in the past the relationship between caregiver and patient was paternalistic based on the principle of protection, the advent of health democracy has made this relationship evolve to build it on the principles of equality and autonomy for the patient. However, this practice leaves something to be desired, given the forms of inequality in access to information that mark the relationship between caregiver and cancer patient. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The objective of this qualitative study is to present a sociological view of the process of shaping inequalities in access to information and its determinants...
2024: Journal of Education and Health Promotion
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544748/identifying-incarceration-status-in-the-electronic-health-record-using-large-language-models-in-emergency-department-settings
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thomas Huang, Vimig Socrates, Aidan Gilson, Conrad Safranek, Ling Chi, Emily A Wang, Lisa B Puglisi, Cynthia Brandt, R Andrew Taylor, Karen Wang
BACKGROUND: Incarceration is a significant social determinant of health, contributing to high morbidity, mortality, and racialized health inequities. However, incarceration status is largely invisible to health services research due to inadequate clinical electronic health record (EHR) capture. This study aims to develop, train, and validate natural language processing (NLP) techniques to more effectively identify incarceration status in the EHR. METHODS: The study population consisted of adult patients (≥ 18 y...
2024: Journal of Clinical and Translational Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544387/investigating-how-high-perceived-economic-inequality-exacerbates-intergroup-competition-zero-sum-beliefs-and-perceived-intergroup-prejudice
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jaclyn A Lisnek, Nava Caluori, Jazmin L Brown-Iannuzzi, Shigehiro Oishi
Rising economic inequality is associated with more prejudice. Little empirical data, however, investigate how inequality affects individuals' psychological processing and, in turn, exacerbates perceptions of prejudice in people's geographic area. We hypothesized that higher perceived economic inequality triggers beliefs that unequal economies are zero-sum and leads to beliefs that people are in competition for limited resources, which may ultimately exacerbate perceived prejudice. Through nine experiments (Studies 1-5 in the manuscript and three additional studies in the Supplement), we provide evidence that higher perceived inequality increases perceived prejudice against a wide range of outgroups...
March 27, 2024: Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544376/race-and-place-matter-inequity-in-prenatal-care-for-reservation-dwelling-american-indian-people
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maggie L Thorsen, Janelle F Palacios
Early initiation and consistent use of prenatal care is linked with improved health outcomes. American Indian birthing people have higher rates of inadequate prenatal care (IPNC), but limited research has examined IPNC among people living on American Indian reservations. The current study uses birth certificate data from the state of Montana (n = 57,006) to examine predictors of IPNC. Data on the community context is integrated to examine the role of community health in mediating the associations between reservation status and IPNC...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Health and Social Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543755/ongoing-gaps-in-the-hepatitis-c-care-cascade-during-the-direct-acting-antiviral-era-in-a-large-retrospective-cohort-in-canada-a-population-based-study
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ana Maria Passos-Castilho, Donald G Murphy, Karine Blouin, Andrea Benedetti, Dimitra Panagiotoglou, Julie Bruneau, Marina B Klein, Jeffrey C Kwong, Beate Sander, Naveed Z Janjua, Christina Greenaway
To achieve hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination, high uptake along the care cascade steps for all will be necessary. We mapped engagement with the care cascade overall and among priority groups in the post-direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) period and assessed if this changed relative to pre-DAAs. We created a population-based cohort of all reported HCV diagnoses in Quebec (1990-2018) and constructed the care cascade [antibody diagnosed, RNA tested, RNA positive, genotyped, treated, sustained virologic response (SVR)] in 2013 and 2018...
March 1, 2024: Viruses
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542692/food-choice-and-dietary-perspectives-of-young-urban-black-pregnant-women-a-focus-group-study
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tristesse Catessa Jasmin Burton, Natasha Crooks, Lacey Pezley, Nefertiti OjiNjideka Hemphill, Yanqiao Li, Arissara Sawatpanich, Vanessa Farrow, Katherine Erbe, Nicollette Kessee, Luecendia Reed, Lisa Tussing-Humphreys, Mary Dawn Koenig
Black pregnant women in Chicago are disproportionately affected by maternal morbidity and mortality and are more likely to reside in neighborhoods that experience greater economic hardships and food apartheid than any other race/ethnicity. Addressing social determinants of health such as structural inequities, economic environment, and food apartheid issues may provide insights into eliminating Black maternal morbidity and mortality disparities. This study explores food choice determinants and dietary perspectives of young, urban, Black pregnant women...
March 9, 2024: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541373/examining-the-impacts-of-the-covid-19-pandemic-on-iraqi-refugees-in-canada
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Needal Ghadi, Jordan Tustin, Ian Young, Nigar Sekercioglu, Susan Abdula, Fatih Sekercioglu
The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated health and social inequities among migrant groups more than others. Higher rates of poverty, unemployment, living in crowded households, and language barriers have placed resettled refugees at a higher risk of facing disparities during the COVID-19 pandemic. To understand how this most vulnerable population has been impacted by the ongoing pandemic, this study reports on the responses of 128 Iraqi refugees in the city of London, Ontario, to a survey on the economic, social, and health-related impacts that they have faced for almost two years since the beginning the pandemic...
March 20, 2024: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38539366/influential-social-determinants-of-adherence-to-preventive-and-health-promotion-activities-during-pregnancy-and-the-first-year-of-life-systematic-review
#13
REVIEW
Julia Romero-Barranca, Emilio Garcia-Cabrera, Encarnación Román, Angélica Quintero-Flórez, Luis Gabriel Luque-Romero, Ángel Vilches-Arenas
Effective monitoring throughout pregnancy and the first year of life is a crucial factor in achieving lower rates of maternal and infant mortality. Currently, research on socioeconomic factors that influence the lack of adherence to preventive and control measures during pregnancy and the first year of life is limited. The objective of this review is to examine the available evidence on social determinants that influence participation in health promotion and preventive activities throughout the pregnancy journey and in infants during their first year of life...
March 10, 2024: Children
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38539121/the-effect-of-social-pension-on-health-related-quality-of-life-of-the-rural-older-people-a-panel-study-from-china
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Siyuan Liu, Hong He, Hanzhi Gao
BACKGROUND: Social pensions, social assistance systems for older people in rural areas, have been put into place in many nations and have positively impacted health. The long-term health consequences of social pension programs in China are uncertain. The aim of this study is to evaluate the long-term health consequences of the new rural social pension (NRSP) for the rural older people in China. METHODS: Based on the 2011 and 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, we compared the scores on eight Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) subscales of the rural older people before and after participation in the NRSP...
March 27, 2024: BMC Geriatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537331/stigma-power-in-practice-exploring-the-contribution-of-bourdieu-s-theory-to-stigma-discrimination-and-health-research
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andy Guise
Stigma and discrimination are increasingly understood as shaping health, and in turn conceptualised as social processes shaped by power and structural inequities. A challenge to analysis and implementing interventions is developing theory that can integrate analysis of structure, agency and power. One theoretical framework already promoted by prominent scholars as supporting this need is Bourdieu's social practice theory. This paper explores the application to date of Bourdieu's theory on stigma, discrimination and health...
March 15, 2024: Social Science & Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537165/slavery-and-its-afterlives-in-us-psychiatry
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Èlodie Edwards-Grossi, Christopher D E Willoughby
Antecedents of racist treatments of Black patients by the psychiatric profession in the United States affect the way they view treatment today. Specifically, in this essay, we explore the enduring consequences of racial science on various treatment practices. We examined a range of primary sources on the history of racial theories about the mind, medical and psychiatric publications, and hospitals. We contextualize this analysis by examining the secondary literature in the history and sociology of psychiatry...
March 2024: American Journal of Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537052/the-sociocultural-context-of-adolescent-pain-portrayals-of-pain-in-popular-adolescent-media
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Allison Cormier, Kendra Mueri, Maria Pavlova, Anna Hood, Queenie Li, Idia Thurston, Abbie Jordan, Melanie Noel
Research has consistently suggested that media consumption plays a vital role in children's socialization, including the socialization of painful experiences. Past research examining young children's popular media revealed worrisome trends in media depictions of pain; it consisted of narrow depictions of pain, gender stereotypes, and an overwhelming lack of empathy from observers, which could contribute to pain-related stigma. Research has not yet examined how pain is portrayed in adolescent media, despite adolescence being the developmental period when chronic pain often emerges...
March 27, 2024: Pain
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536971/quality-of-life-of-women-who-underwent-breast-cancer-treatment-relative-to-sociodemographic-behavioral-and-clinical-factors
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Angélica Atala Lombelo Campos, Maria Teresa Bustamante-Teixeira, Rafaela Russi Ervilha, Vivian Assis Fayer, Jane Rocha Duarte Cintra, Renata Mendes de Freitas, Daniela Pereira de Almeida, Maximiliano Ribeiro Guerra
OBJECTIVE: Patients with cancer often undergo multiple extended treatments that decrease their quality of life. However, the quality of life of women with breast cancer after they undergo treatment remains underexplored in Brazil. Therefore, this study determined sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical factors related to the post-treatment quality of life of women with breast cancer. METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 101 women diagnosed with breast cancer between 2014 and 2016 and treated at a Brazilian Oncology Reference Service...
2024: Einstein
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536868/the-social-determinants-of-migrant-domestic-worker-mdw-health-and-well-being-in-the-western-pacific-region-a-scoping-review
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jamie Chan, Georgia Dominguez, Antonia Hua, Melissa Garabiles, Carl A Latkin, Brian J Hall
The health and well-being of transnational migrant domestic workers (MDWs) is a pressing but largely neglected public health concern. The Asia Pacific region is home to over 20% of the global MDW population. Living and working conditions, social contexts, political environments, and migration regimes are recognized as consequential to the health of this population, but currently no synthesis of available literature to prioritize research or policy agenda setting for MDW has yet been conducted. This scoping review screened 6,006 peer-reviewed articles and 1,217 gray literature sources, identifying 173 articles and 276 gray literature sources that reported key MDW health outcomes, social determinants of health, and related interventions...
2024: PLOS Glob Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536795/why-do-people-sell-their-kidneys-a-thematic-synthesis-of-qualitative-evidence
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bijaya Shrestha, Luechai Sringernyuang, Manash Shrestha, Binita Shrestha, Anuska Adhikari, Dev Ram Sunuwar, Shiva Raj Mishra, Bipin Adhikari
Globally, demands for the kidneys have surpassed supply both living and deceased donors. High demands relative to the availability have made the kidney one of the most saleable human organs. The main objective was to explore the drivers of kidney selling. Literature related to kidney selling and its drivers was explored in three databases including MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus (Elsevier), and JSTOR covering the period from 1987 to 2022. A total of 15 articles were selected, which underwent thematic analysis. Investigators independently assessed the articles for relevance and study quality to synthesize the data...
2024: PLOS Glob Public Health
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