Herbals

INTRODUCTION: Chlorhexidine (CHX) is a chemical mouthwash that has been considered the gold standard, but has its drawbacks. When used for a longer duration, it produces taste alteration and staining on the tooth surfaces. Nowadays, herbal extracts from plants have been widely used as they possess anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and analgesic actions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A group of 45 healthy subjects in the age group of 19-35 years were selected and randomly divided into three groups, Group A - Himalaya complete care mouthwash, Group B - CHX mouthwash, Group C - Distilled water as a control group...

CONTEXT: Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have emerged as potential adjuvant therapies to treat non-small cell lung cancer. More direct comparative studies must be conducted among various oral TCMs. OBJECTIVE: This network meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy and safety of seven oral TCMs combined with chemotherapy in treating NSCLC. METHODS: The analysis included Zilongjin, Banmao, Hongdoushan, Huachansu, Kanglaite, Xihuang, and Pingxiao TCMs...

UNLABELLED: STW 5, a blend of nine medicinal plant extracts, exhibits promising efficacy in treating functional gastrointestinal disorders, notably irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Nonetheless, its effects on the gastrointestinal microbiome and the role of microbiota on the conversion of its constituents are still largely unexplored. This study employed an experimental ex vivo model to investigate STW 5's differential effects on fecal microbial communities and metabolite production in samples from individuals with and without IBS...

Ferroptosis is caused by the accumulation of cellular reactive oxygen species that exceed the antioxidant load that glutathione (GSH) and phospholipid hydroperoxidases with GSH-based substrates can carry When the antioxidant capacity of cells is reduced, lipid reactive oxygen species accumulate, which can cause oxidative death. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent regulatory necrosis pathway, has emerged as a new modality of cell death that is strongly associated with cancer. Surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the main methods of cancer treatment...

Tejocote, a product of the hawthorn tree and a common staple of Hispanic culinary practices and traditional medicine, has recently gained traction in the United States and Mexico as a means to achieve rapid effortless weight loss. This herbal supplement has largely evaded regulation by governing bodies in both countries despite documentation of several potentially serious adverse effects associated with its use. The present report describes the case of a middle-aged Hispanic female who ingested Tejocote with famotidine and presented with acute gastrointestinal symptoms and transaminitis, an unexpected symptom that warrants further investigation...

Mid-infrared spectroscopy has been increasingly used as a nondestructive analytical technique in Chinese herbal medicine identification in recent years. In this study, a new chemometric model named as PLS-NN model was proposed based on the mid-infrared spectral data of Cornus officinalis samples from 11 origins. It was realized by combining the partial least squares and neural networks for the identification of the origin of Chinese herbal medicines. First, we extracted features from the spectral data in 3448 bands using the partial least squares method, and extracted 122 components that contained more than 95% of the information...

Insomnia is caused by a myriad of factors and can be very disruptive to a person's quality of life and health. When people see a health care provider, often a thorough assessment occurs and people are given various treatment options that include lifestyle interventions, medications, and/or cognitive behavior therapy. There are also many people that may choose to take over the counter or herbal medications as a remedy for insomnia. While there are many supplements that claim to have sleep benefits, clinical data supporting such claims are not always present...

Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (SM) is a widespread herbal therapy for myocardial ischemia (MI). Nevertheless, the therapeutic signaling networks of SM extract on MI is yet unknown. Emerging evidences suggested that alterations in cardiac metabolite influences host metabolism and accelerates MI progression. Herein, we employed an isoproterenol (ISO)-induced acute myocardial ischemia (AMI) rat model to confirm the pharmacological effects of SM extract (0.8, 0.9, 1.8 g/kg/day) via assessment of the histopathological alterations that occur within the heart tissue and associated cytokines; we also examined the underlying SM extract-mediated signaling networks using untargeted metabolomics...

Cinnamomum tamala , commonly known as "Indian bay leaf" or "Tejpat", is an economically important plant widely used in medicine, food and cosmetic industries. Growing demand for its leaf and bark in the herbal trade and non-availability of quality materials lead to large-scale species admixture and adulteration in the global market. The present study aims at developing a validated HPLC-DAD (High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection) method and multiple markers-based chemical fingerprints for quality evaluation of C...

PURPOSE: To present the preliminarily findings regarding the effects of a herbal medicine, Ninjin'yoeito, on comorbid frailty and sarcopenia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with COPD (GOLD II or higher) and fatigue were randomly assigned to Group A (n = 28; no medication for 12 weeks, followed by 12-week administration) or B (n= 25; 24-week continuous administration). Visual analog scale (VAS) symptoms of fatigue, the COPD assessment test (CAT), and the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) Dyspnea Scale were examined...

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Zhujing pill (ZP) is a famous Chinese herbal formula that has been widely used to treat diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa and other fundus lesions. In this study, the material basis and mechanism of ZP in the treatment of fundus lesions were evaluated via the high-performance liquid chromatography fingerprint, ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, network pharmacology and molecular docking. A total of 32 common components were found and 31 components were identified in 15 batches of ZP samples...

INTRODUCTION: Thunbergia laurifolia is used in traditional Thai medicine to reduce fever and treat mouth ulcers. However, the quantitative analysis of chemical markers has not yet been officially defined. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to develop a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method using a design of experiment (DoE) for the quantitative analysis of multicomponents by single marker (QAMS) and fingerprinting of the T. laurifolia aqueous extract...

BACKGROUND: Cornus officinalis Sieb. Et Zucc. has the efficacy of tonifying the marrow and filling up the essence, breaking up the accumulation and opening up the orifices. Our research team found that CoS extracts were protective against Aβ25-35 -induced memory impairment in mice. However, the pharmacodynamic components and mechanisms by which CoS improves AD have yet to be thoroughly explored and investigated. PURPOSE: This study focused on exploring the bioactive components and pharmacodynamic mechanisms of CoS aqueous extract underlying mitochondrial damage and neuroinflammation to improve Aβ25-35 -induced AD...

BACKGROUND: Oligoasthenozoospermia is the most common type of semen abnormality in male infertile patients. Betaine (BET) has been proved to have pharmacological effects on improving semen quality. BET also belongs to endogenous physiological active substances in the testis. However, the physiological function of BET in rat testis and its pharmacological mechanism against oligoasthenozoospermia remain unclear. PURPOSE: This research aims to prove the therapeutic effect and potential mechanism of BET on oligoasthenozoospermia rat model induced by Tripterygium wilfordii glycosides (TWGs)...

UNLABELLED: The increasing need for pharmaceutical agents that possess attributes such as safety, cost-effectiveness, environmental sustainability, and absence of side effects has driven the advancement of nanomedicine research, which lies at the convergence of nanotechnology and medicine. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to synthesize non-toxic selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) using Gymnema sylvestre (G. sylvestre) and Cinnamon cassia (C. cassia) extracts. It also sought to develop and evaluate versatile nanomedicine formulations i...

The abuse of antibiotics has caused the accumulation of antibiotic residues in environmental media, threatening the ecosystem and human health. Many studies on the distribution of aqueous antibiotics have been reported. However, the pollution status of antibiotics in the environment in Chinese herbal medicine planting areas is rarely comprehensively clarified, resulting in the lack of updated pollution data and conducive suggestions for ecological cultivation and sustainable development of Chinese herbal medicine...

Aristolochic acids (AAs) naturally occurring in the herbal genus Aristolochia are associated with a high risk of kidney failure, multiple tumors and cancers. However, approaches with high selectivity and rapidity for measuring AAs in biological samples are still inadequate. Inspired by the mechanism of AAs-induced nephrotoxicity, we designed a hybrid magnetic polymer-porous agarose (denoted as MNs@SiO2 M@DNV-A), mimicking the effect of basic and aromatic residues of organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1) for efficient enriching aristolochic acid I (AA I) and aristolochic acid II (AA II) in the plasma...

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary Fibrosis (PF) is a progressive lung disease characterized by the diffuse interstitial tissue, leading to severe breathing difficulties. The existing treatment methods are primarily aimed at slowing the progression of the disease, underscoring the urgent need to discover new drug interventions targeting novel sites. The "gut-lung axis" represents a complex bidirectional communication system where the gut microbiota not only influences lung immunity but also responds to lung-derived signals...

BACKGROUND: Pancreatitis is a common exocrine inflammatory disease of the pancreas and lacks specific medication currently. Rhei Radix et Rhizoma (RR) and its anthraquinone derivatives (AQs) have been successively reported for their pharmacological effects and molecular mechanisms in experimental and clinical pancreatitis. However, an overview of the anti-pancreatitis potential of RR and its AQs is limited. PURPOSE: To summarize and analyze the pharmacological effects of RR and its AQs on pancreatitis and the underlying mechanisms, and discuss their drug-like properties and future perspectives...