keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545442/modelling-the-unexpected-dynamics-of-covid-19-in-manaus-brazil
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daihai He, Yael Artzy-Randrup, Salihu S Musa, Tiago Gräf, Felipe Naveca, Lewi Stone
In late March 2020, SARS-CoV-2 arrived in Manaus, Brazil, and rapidly developed into a large-scale epidemic that collapsed the local health system and resulted in extreme death rates. Several key studies reported that ∼76% of residents of Manaus were infected (attack rate AR≃76%) by October 2020, suggesting protective herd immunity had been reached. Despite this, an unexpected second wave of COVID-19 struck again in November and proved to be larger than the first, creating a catastrophe for the unprepared population...
June 2024: Infectious Disease Modelling
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545388/revolutionizing-agriculture-with-artificial-intelligence-plant-disease-detection-methods-applications-and-their-limitations
#2
REVIEW
Abbas Jafar, Nabila Bibi, Rizwan Ali Naqvi, Abolghasem Sadeghi-Niaraki, Daesik Jeong
Accurate and rapid plant disease detection is critical for enhancing long-term agricultural yield. Disease infection poses the most significant challenge in crop production, potentially leading to economic losses. Viruses, fungi, bacteria, and other infectious organisms can affect numerous plant parts, including roots, stems, and leaves. Traditional techniques for plant disease detection are time-consuming, require expertise, and are resource-intensive. Therefore, automated leaf disease diagnosis using artificial intelligence (AI) with Internet of Things (IoT) sensors methodologies are considered for the analysis and detection...
2024: Frontiers in Plant Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544080/utilizing-wearable-device-data-for-syndromic-surveillance-a-fever-detection-approach
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patrick Kasl, Lauryn Keeler Bruce, Wendy Hartogensis, Subhasis Dasgupta, Leena S Pandya, Stephan Dilchert, Frederick M Hecht, Amarnath Gupta, Ilkay Altintas, Ashley E Mason, Benjamin L Smarr
Commercially available wearable devices (wearables) show promise for continuous physiological monitoring. Previous works have demonstrated that wearables can be used to detect the onset of acute infectious diseases, particularly those characterized by fever. We aimed to evaluate whether these devices could be used for the more general task of syndromic surveillance. We obtained wearable device data (Oura Ring) from 63,153 participants. We constructed a dataset using participants' wearable device data and participants' responses to daily online questionnaires...
March 12, 2024: Sensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543829/brincidofovir-effectively-inhibits-proliferation-of-pseudorabies-virus-by-disrupting-viral-replication
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huihui Guo, Qingyun Liu, Dan Yang, Hao Zhang, Yan Kuang, Yafei Li, Huanchun Chen, Xiangru Wang
Pseudorabies is an acute and febrile infectious disease caused by pseudorabies virus (PRV), a member of the family Herpesviridae. Currently, PRV is predominantly endemoepidemic and has caused significant economic losses among domestic pigs. Other animals have been proven to be susceptible to PRV, with a mortality rate of 100%. In addition, 30 human cases of PRV infection have been reported in China since 2017, and all patients have shown severe neurological symptoms and eventually died or developed various neurological sequelae...
March 18, 2024: Viruses
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543745/deciphering-the-role-of-post-translational-modifications-and-cellular-location-of-hepatitis-delta-virus-hdv-antigens-in-hdv-mediated-liver-damage-in-mice
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sheila Maestro, Nahia Gomez-Echarte, Gracian Camps, Carla Usai, Cristina Olagüe, Africa Vales, Rafael Aldabe, Gloria Gonzalez-Aseguinolaza
Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection represents the most severe form of chronic viral hepatitis. We have shown that the delivery of HDV replication-competent genomes to the hepatocytes using adeno-associated virus (AAV-HDV) as gene delivery vehicles offers a unique platform to investigate the molecular aspects of HDV and associated liver damage. For the purpose of this study, we generated HDV genomes modified by site-directed mutagenesis aimed to (i) prevent some post-translational modifications of HDV antigens (HDAgs) such as large-HDAg (L-HDAg) isoprenylation or short-HDAg (S-HDAg) phosphorylation; (ii) alter the localization of HDAgs within the subcellular compartments; and (iii) inhibit the right conformation of the delta ribozyme...
February 28, 2024: Viruses
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543629/yeast-based-screening-of-anti-viral-molecules
#6
REVIEW
Vartika Srivastava, Ravinder Kumar, Aijaz Ahmad
Viruses are minuscule infectious agents that reproduce exclusively within the living cells of an organism and are present in almost every ecosystem. Their continuous interaction with humans poses a significant threat to the survival and well-being of everyone. Apart from the common cold or seasonal influenza, viruses are also responsible for several important diseases such as polio, rabies, smallpox, and most recently COVID-19. Besides the loss of life and long-term health-related issues, clinical viral infections have significant economic and social impacts...
March 14, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543616/viroid-replication-movement-and-the-host-factors-involved
#7
REVIEW
Yuhong Zhang, Yuxin Nie, Luyou Wang, Jian Wu
Viroids represent distinctive infectious agents composed solely of short, single-stranded, circular RNA molecules. In contrast to viruses, viroids do not encode for proteins and lack a protective coat protein. Despite their apparent simplicity, viroids have the capacity to induce diseases in plants. Currently, extensive research is being conducted on the replication cycle of viroids within both the Pospiviroidae and Avsunviroidae families, shedding light on the intricacies of the associated host factors. Utilizing the potato spindle tuber viroid as a model, investigations into the RNA structural motifs involved in viroid trafficking between different cell types have been thorough...
March 12, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542219/the-hit-and-run-hypothesis-for-alzheimer-s-disease-pathogenesis
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tal Ganz, Tamir Ben-Hur
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions worldwide. Emerging research has challenged the conventional notion of a direct correlation between amyloid deposition and neurodegeneration in AD. Recent studies have suggested that amyloid and Tau deposition act as a central nervous system (CNS) innate immune driver event, inducing chronic microglial activation that increases the susceptibility of the AD brain to the neurotoxicity of infectious insults. Although modifiable risk factors account for up to 50% of AD risk, the mechanisms by which they interact with the core process of misfolded protein deposition and neuroinflammation in AD are unclear and require further investigation...
March 13, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38541639/ventilation-based-strategy-to-manage-intraoperative-aerosol-viral-transmission-in-the-era-of-sars-cov-2
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ayoola T Brimmo, Ayoub Glia, Juan S Barajas-Gamboa, Carlos Abril, John Rodríguez, Matthew Kroh, Mohammad A Qasaimeh
In operating theaters, ventilation systems are designed to protect the patient from airborne contamination for minimizing risks of surgical site infections (SSIs). Ventilation systems often produce an airflow pattern that continuously pushes air out of the area surrounding the operating table, and hence reduces the resident time of airborne pathogen-carrying particles at the patient's location. As a result, patient-released airborne particles due to the use of powered tools, such as surgical smoke and insufflated CO2 , typically circulate within the room...
February 28, 2024: Life
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38540774/role-of-melatonin-in-viral-bacterial-and-parasitic-infections
#10
REVIEW
Georges J M Maestroni
In all mammals, the circulating pool of MLTs is synthesized in the pineal gland during the night's darkness hours. Its main function is synchronizing the organism in the photoperiod. In contrast, extra-pineal MLT is synthesized in peripheral organs, does not follow any circadian rhythm or circulate, and plays a detoxifying and cytoprotective role. Circulating MLT may stimulate both innate and acquired immune responses through its circadian action and by activating high-affinity receptors on immunocompetent cells...
March 16, 2024: Biomolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38540710/menthol-pretreatment-alleviates-campylobacter-jejuni-induced-enterocolitis-in-human-gut-microbiota-associated-il-10-mice
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Markus M Heimesaat, Luis Q Langfeld, Niklas Schabbel, Nizar W Shayya, Soraya Mousavi, Stefan Bereswill
Human Campylobacter jejuni infections are of worldwide importance and represent the most commonly reported bacterial enteritis cases in middle- and high-income countries. Since antibiotics are usually not indicated and the severity of campylobacteriosis is directly linked to the risk of developing post-infectious complications, non-toxic antibiotic-independent treatment approaches are highly desirable. Given its health-promoting properties, including anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory activities, we tested the disease-alleviating effects of oral menthol in murine campylobacteriosis...
February 29, 2024: Biomolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38540179/two-waves-of-specific-b-cell-memory-immunoreconstruction-observed-in-anti-hhv1-3-igg-kinetics-after-hematopoietic-stem-cell-transplantation
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Przemyslaw Zdziarski, Andrzej Gamian
BACKGROUND: Humoral memory and specific antibody levels depend on the kind of antigen and individual immunofactors. The presence of IgM antibodies or a fourfold rise in specific IgG levels are generally accepted as diagnostic factors in the serology of acute viral infections. This basic model is not adequate for the herpes virome, especially after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), due to continuous, usually multifocal antigenic stimulation, various donor serostatuses, immunosuppression, and individual immunoreconstitution...
March 3, 2024: Biomedicines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38539739/dynamical-analysis-of-an-improved-bidirectional-immunization-sir-model-in-complex-network
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shixiang Han, Guanghui Yan, Huayan Pei, Wenwen Chang
In order to investigate the impact of two immunization strategies-vaccination targeting susceptible individuals to reduce their infection rate and clinical medical interventions targeting infected individuals to enhance their recovery rate-on the spread of infectious diseases in complex networks, this study proposes a bilinear SIR infectious disease model that considers bidirectional immunization. By analyzing the conditions for the existence of endemic equilibrium points, we derive the basic reproduction numbers and outbreak thresholds for both homogeneous and heterogeneous networks...
March 2, 2024: Entropy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38539166/epidemiological-and-clinical-burden-of-clostridioides-difficile-infections-and-recurrences-between-2015%C3%A2-%C3%A2-2019-the-recur-germany-study
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aurore Tricotel, Ana Antunes, Adrian Wilk, Silvia Dombrowski, Hanna Rinta-Kokko, Fredrik L Andersson, Subrata Ghosh
BACKGROUND: This real-world study assessed the epidemiology and clinical complications of Clostridioides difficile infections (CDIs) and recurrences (rCDIs) in hospital and community settings in Germany from 2015 - 2019. METHODS: An observational retrospective cohort study was conducted among adult patients diagnosed with CDI in hospital and community settings using statutory health insurance claims data from the BKK database. A cross-sectional approach was used to estimate the annual incidence rate of CDI and rCDI episodes per 100,000 insurants...
March 27, 2024: BMC Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38539142/collateral-effects-of-covid-19-countermeasures-on-hepatitis-e-incidence-pattern-a-case-study-of-china-based-on-time-series-models
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yajun Qin, Haiyang Peng, Jinhao Li, Jianping Gong
BACKGROUND: There are abundant studies on COVID-19 but few on its impact on hepatitis E. We aimed to assess the effect of the COVID-19 countermeasures on the pattern of hepatitis E incidence and explore the application of time series models in analyzing this pattern. METHODS: Our pivotal idea was to fit a pre-COVID-19 model with data from before the COVID-19 outbreak and use the deviation between forecast values and actual values to reflect the effect of COVID-19 countermeasures...
March 27, 2024: BMC Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38538693/an-epidemiological-modeling-framework-to-inform-institutional-level-response-to-infectious-disease-outbreaks-a-covid-19-case-study
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zichen Ma, Lior Rennert
Institutions have an enhanced ability to implement tailored mitigation measures during infectious disease outbreaks. However, macro-level predictive models are inefficient for guiding institutional decision-making due to uncertainty in local-level model input parameters. We present an institutional-level modeling toolkit used to inform prediction, resource procurement and allocation, and policy implementation at Clemson University throughout the Covid-19 pandemic. Through incorporating real-time estimation of disease surveillance and epidemiological measures based on institutional data, we argue this approach helps minimize uncertainties in input parameters presented in the broader literature and increases prediction accuracy...
March 27, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537924/liposome-siderophore-conjugates-loaded-with-moxifloxacin-serve-as-a-model-for-drug-delivery-against-mycobacterium-tuberculosis
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Camila Maringolo Ribeiro, Cesar Augusto Roque-Borda, Maria Carolina Franzini, Karyn Fernanda Manieri, Fernanda Manaia Demarqui, Débora Leite Campo, Rachel Temperani Amaral Machado, Isabel Cristiane da Silva, Marcela Tavares Luiz, Leonardo Delello Di Filippo, Patrícia Bento da Silva, Márcia Cristina Oliveira da Rocha, Sônia Nair Báo, Domiziana Masci, Guilherme F S Fernandes, Daniele Castagnolo, Marlus Chorilli, Fernando Rogério Pavan
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that annually affects millions of people, and resistance to available antibiotics has exacerbated this situation. Another notable characteristic of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the primary causative agent of TB, is its ability to survive inside macrophages, a key component of the immune system. In our quest for an effective and safe treatment that facilitates the targeted delivery of antibiotics to the site of infection, we have proposed a nanotechnology approach based on an iron chelator...
March 25, 2024: International Journal of Pharmaceutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537494/disease-x-epidemic-control-using-a-stochastic-model-and-a-deterministic-approximation-performance-comparison-with-and-without-parameter-uncertainties
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Julien Flaig, Nicolas Houy
BACKGROUND: The spread of infectious diseases can be modeled using deterministic or stochastic models. A deterministic approximation of a stochastic model can be appropriate under some conditions, but is unable to capture the discrete nature of populations. We look into the choice of a model from the perspective of decision making. METHOD: We consider an emerging disease (Disease X) in a closed population modeled by a stochastic SIR model or its deterministic approximation...
March 20, 2024: Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537273/eradication-of-staphylococcus-aureus-in-implant-associated-osteomyelitis-by-an-injectable-in-situ-forming-depot-antibiotics-delivery-system
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Albert Juan Fuglsang-Madsen, Nicole Lind Henriksen, Elizabeth Serrano Chávez, Lasse Andersson Kvich, Julie Knippel Melsted Birch, Katrine Top Hartmann, Thomas Eriksen, Thomas Bjarnsholt, Hans Gottlieb, Thomas Lars Andresen, Louise Kruse Jensen, Jonas Rosager Henriksen, Anders Elias Hansen
BACKGROUND: Bone infections from Staphylococcus aureus are notoriously difficult to treat and have high recurrence rates. Local antibiotic delivery systems hold the potential to achieve high in situ antibiotic concentrations, which are otherwise challenging to achieve via systemic administration. Existing solutions have been shown to confer suboptimal drug release and distribution. Here we present and evaluate an injectable in situ-forming depot system termed CarboCell. The CarboCell technology provides sustained and tuneable release of local high-dose antibiotics...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537267/monitoring-progress-towards-the-elimination-of-hepatitis-c-as-a-public-health-threat-in-norway-a-modelling-study-among-people-who-inject-drugs-and-immigrants
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Robert Whittaker, Jørgen E Midtbø, Hilde Kløvstad
BACKGROUND: The global incidence target for the elimination of hepatitis C among people who inject drugs (PWID) is <2/100. In Norway, the hepatitis C epidemic is concentrated in PWID. Immigrants are the second most important risk group for chronic infection. We modelled the incidence of hepatitis C among active PWID, and the prevalence of chronic infection among active PWID, ex-PWID and immigrants in Norway until 2022. METHODS: We built a stochastic compartmental model, which was informed using data from national data sources, literature, and expert opinion...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Infectious Diseases
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