Kumbar

Cation and anion sensing is vital owing to their universal dispersion in ecosystems and biological functions. It has been shown that fluorescent receptors based on organic platforms are efficient for detecting a number of ions and have many advantages such as low cost, superior sensitivity and simplicity in installation. This study demonstrates the design and synthesis of a novel receptor ( E )-3-[(3,5-di- tert -butyl-2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino]-2-(pyren-1-yl)-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1 H )-one (DTQ) for the rapid recognition of Zn(II) ions...

The study explores the application of natural biocides (oregano essential oil and eugenol, directly applied in solutions or encapsulated within silica nanocapsules) for safeguarding stone cultural heritage from biodeterioration, using green algae ( Chlorococcum sp.) and cyanobacteria ( Leptolyngbya sp.) as common pioneer biodeteriogens. Core-shell nanocontainers were built for a controlled release of microbicidal agents, a safe application of chemicals and a prolonged efficacy. The qualitative and quantitative evaluations of biocide efficiency at different doses were periodically performed in vitro, after six scheduled intervals of time (until 100 days)...

Peptide molecules have design flexibility, self-assembly ability, high biocompatibility, good biodegradability, and easy functionalization, which promote their applications as versatile biomaterials for tissue engineering and biomedicine. In addition, the functionalization of self-assembled peptide nanomaterials with other additive components enhances their stimuli-responsive functions, promoting function-specific applications that induced by both internal and external stimulations. In this review, we demonstrate recent advance in the peptide molecular design, self-assembly, functional tailoring, and biomedical applications of peptide-based nanomaterials...

Repair of critical sized bone defects, particularly in load-bearing areas, is a major clinical problem that requires surgical intervention and implantation of biological or engineered grafts. For load-bearing sites, it is essential to use engineered grafts that have both sufficient mechanical strength and appropriate pore properties to support bone repair and tissue regeneration. Unfortunately, the mechanical properties of such grafts are often compromised due to the creation of pores required to facilitate tissue ingrowth following implantation...

Millions of people worldwide suffer from low back pain and disability associated with intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. IVD degeneration is highly correlated with aging, as the nucleus pulposus (NP) dehydrates and the annulus fibrosus (AF) fissures form, which often results in intervertebral disc herniation or disc space collapse and related clinical symptoms. Currently available options for treating intervertebral disc degeneration are symptoms control with therapy modalities, and/or medication, and/or surgical resection of the IVD with or without spinal fusion...

Glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary brain tumor. The outcome is dismal, despite the multimodal therapeutic approach that includes surgical resection, followed by radiation and chemotherapy. The quest for novel therapeutic targets to treat glioblastoma is underway. FKBP38, a member of the immunophilin family of proteins, is a multidomain protein that plays an important role in the regulation of cellular functions, including apoptosis and autophagy. In this study, we tested the role of FKBP38 in glioblastoma tumor biology...

Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have shown potential in the repair and regeneration of tissues and organs via the use of engineered biomaterials and scaffolds. However, current constructs face limitations in replicating the intricate native microenvironment and achieving optimal regenerative capacity and functional recovery. To address these challenges, the utilization of decellularized tissues and cell-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) has emerged as a promising approach. These biocompatible and bioactive biomaterials can be engineered into porous scaffolds and grafts that mimic the structural and compositional aspects of the native tissue or organ microenvironment, both in vitro and in vivo ...

Ischemic stroke causes acute CNS injury and long-term disability, with limited treatment options such as surgical clot removal or clot-busting drugs. Neuroprotective therapies are needed to protect vulnerable brain regions. The purinergic receptor P2X4 is activated during stroke and exacerbates post-stroke damage. The chemical compound 5-(3-Bromophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2 H -Benzofuro[3,2- e ]-1,4-diazepin-2-one (5BDBD) inhibits P2X4 and has shown neuroprotective effects in rodents. However, it is difficult to formulate for systemic delivery to the CNS...

BACKGROUND: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF21) is a metabolic regulator whose role in humans is unidentified. FGF21 has generated a lot of potential of becoming a therapeutic agent for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia. The role of FGF21 in gender dysphoria individuals has not been studied. OBJECTIVE: Primary objective was to assess FGF21 levels in transgender individuals and compare with controls and secondary objective was to compare FGF21 levels with lipid and glucose parameters in transgender people...

BACKGROUND: Dental anxiety assessment for blind children is important. Appropriate knowledge of the patient's anxiety will help to review management options specific to every child. AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the anxiety level using the Raghavendra, Madhuri, Sujata (RMS) tactile scale (RMS-TS) of visually impaired children after explaining the oral prophylaxis procedure verbally and by the verbal-tactile method followed by performing the oral prophylaxis procedure...

The study is focused on how the physical structure of the feed affects the health status of broiler chickens. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of feed particle size in broiler diets on gastrointestinal tract morphology, digesta viscosity, and blood biochemical parameters. A total of 90 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chickens were randomly divided into three different experimental groups (with five replicates per pen), with 6 birds per cage. The first experimental group (Coarse) was fed with the coarsest particle size, with feed with a geometric mean diameter (GMD) of 1111...

Poor circulation, unresolved inflammation, neuropathy, and infection make wound care difficult. Manilkara zapota ( M. zapota ) antibacterial and antioxidant properties may help speed up the healing process. The present investigation aimed to evaluate the wound healing activity of M. zapota bark ethanolic extract (MZE) by employing in-vitro migration scratch assay and in-vivo animal models. Wistar albino rats were used for the in-vivo wound healing models. No treatment was given to Group I; Group II received povidone-iodine (5% W/W); Group III received MZE (5% W/W); and Group IV received MZE (10% W/W)...

Kyasanur Forest Disease virus (KFDV), a neglected human pathogenic virus, is a Flavivirus that causes severe hemorrhagic fever in humans. KFDV is transmitted to humans by the bite of the hard tick ( Haemaphysalis spinigera ), which acts as a reservoir of KFDV. The recent expansion of the endemic area of KFDV is of concern and requires the development of new preventive measures against KFDV. Currently, there is no antiviral therapy against KFDV, and the existing vaccine has limited efficacy. To develop a new antiviral therapy against KFDV, we focused on the nonstructural proteins NS2B and NS3 of KFDV, which are responsible for serine protease activity...

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In recent decades, the relationship between Science and Art has been gradually strengthened through the use of diagnostic, conservation, and valorization technologies. New technologies can also be used to support the creation and durability of bio-artworks. Within such a context, starting from the Spring of 2014, we performed in situ experimentations to eventually increase the durability of the graphical artwork of William Kentridge on the Lungotevere embankments, whose creation was scheduled in the following years...

Damage to intervertebral discs (IVD) can lead to chronic pain and disability, and no current treatments can fully restore their function. Some non-surgical treatments have shown promise; however, these approaches are generally limited by burst release and poor localization of diverse molecules. In this proof-of-concept study, we developed a nanoparticle (NP) delivery system to efficiently deliver high- and low-solubility drug molecules. Nanoparticles of cellulose acetate and polycaprolactone-polyethylene glycol conjugated with 1-oxo-1H-pyrido [2,1-b][1,3]benzoxazole-3-carboxylic acid (PBC), a novel fluorescent dye, were prepared by the oil-in-water emulsion...

Tendon and ligament injuries are the most common musculoskeletal injuries, which not only impact the quality of life but result in a massive economic burden. Surgical interventions for tendon/ligament injuries utilize biological and/or engineered grafts to reconstruct damaged tissue, but these have limitations. Engineered matrices confer superior physicochemical properties over biological grafts but lack desirable bioactivity to promote tissue healing. While incorporating drugs can enhance bioactivity, large matrix surface areas and hydrophobicity can lead to uncontrolled burst release and/or incomplete release due to binding...

The paper is focused on analysing the pearlitic steel phase transformations and their influence on the mechanical properties. The intention is to perform a detailed analysis of the heat treatment process using the exact heating temperature and chemical composition to achieve the optimal mechanical properties of the tool. The key area is monitoring and regulating the heat treatment. This technology is constantly undergoing an optimisation process and is an effort to introduce new trends in monitoring phase transformations and processes...

Musculoskeletal injuries including bone defects continue to present a significant challenge in orthopedic surgery due to suboptimal healing. Bone reconstruction strategies focused on the use of biological grafts and bone graft substitutes in the form of biomaterials-based 3D structures in fracture repair. Recent advances in biomaterials science and engineering have resulted in the creation of intricate 3D bone-mimicking structures that are mechanically stable, biodegradable, and bioactive to support bone regeneration...

The mixed-ligand fluorophore-labelled copper(II) complex aqua[2,4-dioxo-3-azatricyclo[7.3.1.05,13 ]trideca-1(12),5,7,9(13),10-pentaen-3-olato-κ2 O2 ,O3 ](1,10-phenanthroline-κ2 N,N')copper(II) nitrate, [Cu(C12 H6 NO3 )(C12 H8 N2 )(H2 O)]NO3 ·CH3 OH or [Cu(L)(phen)(H2 O)]NO3 ·CH3 OH (where phen is 1,10-phenanthroline and HL is N-hydroxynaphthalene-1,8-dicarboximide), (1), was synthesized and structurally characterized. The structure of (1) was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray structure determination...