keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525802/economic-evaluation-of-a-water-fluoridation-scheme-in-cumbria-uk
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
William Whittaker, Michaela Goodwin, Saima Bashir, Matt Sutton, Richard Emsley, Michael P Kelly, Martin Tickle, Tanya Walsh, Iain A Pretty
OBJECTIVES: The addition of fluoride to community drinking water supplies has been a long-standing public health intervention to improve dental health. However, the evidence of cost-effectiveness in the UK currently lacks a contemporary focus, being limited to a period with higher incidence of caries. A water fluoridation scheme in West Cumbria, United Kingdom, provided a unique opportunity to study the contemporary impact of water fluoridation. This study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of water fluoridation over a 5-6 years follow-up period in two distinct cohorts: children exposed to water fluoridation in utero and those exposed from the age of 5...
March 25, 2024: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521169/transplant-benefit-based-offering-of-deceased-donor-livers-in-the-united-kingdom
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elisa Allen, Rhiannon Taylor, Alex Ander Gimson, Douglas Thorburn, Dave Collett, Elisa Allen, Varuna Aluvihare, Alex Gimson, Ernest Hidalgo, John O'Grady, Tahir Shah, Doug Thorburn, John Crookenden, Alastair MacGilchrist, James O'Beirne, James Powel, Martine Walmsley
BACKGROUND & AIMS: The National Liver Offering Scheme (NLOS) was introduced in the UK in 2018 to offer livers from deceased donors to patients on the national waiting list based, for most patients, on calculated transplant benefit. Before NLOS, livers were offered to transplant centres by geographic donor zones and, within centres, by estimated recipient need for a transplant. METHODS: UK Transplant Registry data on patient registrations and transplants were analysed to build survival on the list (M1) and survival post-transplantation (M2) statistical models...
March 21, 2024: Journal of Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520198/it-s-not-just-about-the-money-recruitment-and-retention-of-clinical-staff-in-general-dental-practice-part-1-dentists
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessica A Holloway, Ivor G Chestnutt
Increasing difficulties in recruitment and retention of dentists and dental care professionals in general dental practice in the UK is affecting delivery of NHS dental services. Reports of dissatisfaction among the general dental practice workforce indicate there is a significant risk to the future dental workforce supply which will affect access to dental care and worsen oral health inequalities. Understanding the factors related to job satisfaction and dissatisfaction of dental professionals would be useful in managing recruitment and retention issues and ensure a dental workforce exists which is able to meet the needs of the population...
March 2024: Primary Dental Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520193/it-s-not-just-about-the-money-recruitment-and-retention-of-clinical-staff-in-general-dental-practice-part-2-dental-care-professionals
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessica A Holloway, Ivor G Chestnutt
As described in the first paper of this two-part series, increasing difficulties in recruitment and retention of dentists and dental care professionals (DCPs) in general dental practice in the UK is affecting delivery of NHS dental services. There is a significant risk to the future dental workforce supply which will affect access to dental care and worsen oral health inequalities. Understanding what factors contribute to job satisfaction and prevent job dissatisfaction of dental professionals would be useful in managing recruitment and retention issues...
March 2024: Primary Dental Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519683/fluoride-varnish-applications-provided-in-general-dental-practice-for-children-of-primary-school-age-in-three-areas-of-the-uk
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nathan Brown, Charlotte Foley, Colin Flanagan, Taro Fujita, Sara Harford
Introduction Dental guidelines recommend professional application of fluoride varnish (FV) at least twice a year for children from the age of three.Methods NHS dental claims data were reviewed for children born in 2009 for the five-year period 2015-2019 and who attended the dentist in one of three geographical areas, labelled as Bristol, Birmingham and Cardiff. Data for 14,566 children were included in the study.Results Only 3.5% of children had been provided with ten or more FV applications at the dentist in the five-year period...
March 2024: British Dental Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519672/are-nhs-cleft-services-in-england-ready-for-delegation-to-integrated-care-systems
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matthew Fell, Ambika Chadha, Simon van Eeden
Cleft care services in the UK have been nationally funded since centralisation 25 years ago and during this time have been able to demonstrate improved clinical outcomes. Integrated care systems have been introduced into legislature as part of the Health Care Act of 2022 and will be responsible for the paradigm shift of allocating funds on a regional basis for cleft care services in England from 2024. The proposed population-based funding formulas present an opportunity to improve current inequities in cleft care, including access to speech therapy and adult services...
March 2024: British Dental Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519117/economic-evaluation-of-a-trial-exploring-the-effects-of-a-web-based-support-tool-for-parents-of-children-with-juvenile-idiopathic-arthritis
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chris Flood, Shashivadan P Hirani, Kathleen Mulligan, Jo Taylor, Sally Harris, Lucy R Wedderburn, Stanton P Newman
OBJECTIVE: To explore the cost-effectiveness of a web-based support tool for parents of children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. METHODS: A multi-centred randomised controlled trial was conducted in paediatric rheumatology centres in England. The WebParC intervention consisted of online information about JIA and its treatment and a toolkit using cognitive-behavioural therapy principles to support parents manage their child's JIA. An economic evaluation was performed alongside the trial involving 220 parents...
March 22, 2024: Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514999/clinical-context-and-communication-in-shared-decision-making-about-major-surgery-findings-from-a-qualitative-study-with-colorectal-orthopaedic-and-cardiac-patients
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gemma Hughes, Timothy J Stephens, Lucas M Seuren, Rupert M Pearse, Sara E Shaw
Increasing numbers of older people undergo major surgery in the United Kingdom (UK), with many at high risk of complications due to age, co-morbidities or frailty. This article reports on a study of such patients and their clinicians engaged in shared decision-making. Shared decision-making is a collaborative approach that seeks to value and centre patients' preferences, potentially addressing asymmetries of knowledge and power between clinicians and patients by countering medical authority with greater patient empowerment...
March 21, 2024: Health (London)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512051/lower-urinary-tract-symptoms-in-men-the-triumph-cluster-rct
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jo Worthington, Jessica Frost, Emily Sanderson, Madeleine Cochrane, Jessica Wheeler, Nikki Cotterill, Stephanie J MacNeill, Sian Noble, Miriam Avery, Samantha Clarke, Mandy Fader, Hashim Hashim, Lucy McGeagh, Margaret Macaulay, Jonathan Rees, Luke Robles, Gordon Taylor, Jodi Taylor, Joanne Thompson, J Athene Lane, Matthew J Ridd, Marcus J Drake
BACKGROUND: Conservative therapies are recommended as initial treatment for male lower urinary tract symptoms. However, there is a lack of evidence on effectiveness and uncertainty regarding approaches to delivery. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine whether or not a standardised and manualised care intervention delivered in primary care achieves superior symptomatic outcome for lower urinary tract symptoms to usual care. DESIGN: This was a two-arm cluster randomised controlled trial...
March 2024: Health Technology Assessment: HTA
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38510878/improving-the-knowledge-and-competency-of-uk-foundation-doctors-in-nasogastric-tube-placement-a-national-study
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenyi Cai, Spencer Probert, Sai Y Pendyala, Constantinos Lipsos, Freya Wadey, Muhammad Rafaih Iqbal
Objective This study aims to improve foundation doctors' knowledge of guidelines for confirming nasogastric (NG) tube position and to enhance their confidence and competency in NG tube placement. Methods A three-part educational approach was designed, which included an educational leaflet and allowed the assessment of a participant's knowledge of guidelines pertaining to NG tube positioning before and after education. This educational leaflet and accompanying pre- and post-learning assessments were distributed among NHS Foundation Trusts in the UK between January 2022 and June 2022...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38510262/distanciation-as-a-technology-of-control-in-the-uk-hostile-environment
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessica L Potter, Isabel Meier
This article considers how distanciation, understood as the active production of different forms of distance as a method of control, is used to manage people racialised and criminalised as migrants within the UK's hostile environment. Analysing different policies introduced under the hostile environment agenda, as well as the more recent New Plan for Immigration, we argue distanciation is a key tactic that shapes these policies and their implementation as well as offers us insight into changing forms of governing migration...
May 2024: Critical Social Policy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507787/occupational-skin-dose-from-radionuclide-contamination-one-country-s-approach-at-standardising-skin-dose-estimates-using-varskin
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katherine Sharpe, Stephen McCallum, Janice C O'Neill, Carolyn Paterson, Jennifer McCormick, Kate Sexton
The manipulation of unsealed radiopharmaceuticals by healthcare workers can cause accidental personal contamination leading to occupational radiation skin dose. The UK Ionising Radiations Regulations 2017 (IRR17) require that potential skin doses arising from reasonably foreseeable accident scenarios are included in risk assessments. Workers must be designated as classified if these dose estimates exceed 150 mSv equivalent dose averaged over 1 cm2. Updates from the UK Health and Safety Executive (HSE) recently prompted many in the UK to review the classification of workers in Nuclear Medicine...
March 20, 2024: Journal of Radiological Protection: Official Journal of the Society for Radiological Protection
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500191/the-improve-trial-study-protocol-for-a-pragmatic-cluster-randomised-controlled-trial-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-using-lay-health-workers-to-improve-uptake-and-completion-of-pulmonary-rehabilitation-in-patients-with-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gill Gilworth, Katherine Harris, Toby L Morgan, Salma Ayis, Julia Fox-Rushby, Emma Godfrey, Nicholas S Hopkinson, Simon Lewin, Ka Keat Lim, Arietta Spinou, Stephanie J C Taylor, Patrick White
BACKGROUND: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a programme of exercise and education and the most effective treatment for the symptoms and disability associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, the benefits of PR are limited by poor uptake and completion. This trial will determine whether using trained volunteer lay health workers, called "PR buddies," improves uptake and completion of PR and is cost-effective. This trial protocol outlines the methods for evaluating effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and acceptability...
March 19, 2024: Trials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500131/exploring-advanced-clinical-practitioner-perspectives-on-training-role-identity-and-competence-a-qualitative-study
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maxine Kuczawski, Suzanne Ablard, Fiona Sampson, Susan Croft, Joanna Sutton-Klein, Suzanne Mason
BACKGROUND: Advanced Clinical Practitioners (ACPs) are a new role that have been established to address gaps and support the existing medical workforce in an effort to help reduce increasing pressures on NHS services. ACPs have the potential to practice at a similar level to mid-grade medical staff, for example independently undertaking assessments, requesting and interpreting investigations, and diagnosing and discharging patients. These roles have been shown to improve both service outcomes and quality of patient care...
March 18, 2024: BMC Nursing
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495007/what-is-a-national-health-service-a-keyword-analysis-of-policy-documents-leading-to-the-formation-of-the-uk-nhs
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Martin Powell, Iestyn Williams
This paper explores the keywords of 'National', 'Health' and Service' in the road to the NHS in 1948. It uses a form of Qualitative Content Analysis to analyse key documents in the period leading to the 'Appointed Day' when the NHS was created in 1948. In terms of 'national', most documents favoured Local Authorities, with 'National' coming rather late in the day. For 'health', most of the documents 'talk' of a broad or 'positive' health, but they lack any specific details, and seem to focus on a narrower curative medical service...
March 18, 2024: Health Economics, Policy, and Law
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493121/flexor-injury-rehabilitation-splint-trial-first-protocol-for-a-pragmatic-randomised-controlled-trial-comparing-three-splints-for-finger-flexor-tendon-repairs
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emma Bamford, Hannah Berntsson, Suzanne Beale, Lauren Desoysa, Joseph Dias, Sienna Hamer-Kiwacz, Daniel Hind, Nick Johnson, Amanda Loban, Kaye Molloy, Emma Morvan, Ines Rombach, Anna Selby, Praveen Thokala, Chris Turtle, Stephen Walters, Avril Drummond
BACKGROUND: Without surgical repair, flexor tendon injuries do not heal and patients' ability to bend fingers and grip objects is impaired. However, flexor tendon repair surgery also requires optimal rehabilitation. There are currently three custom-made splints used in the rehabilitation of zone I/II flexor tendon repairs, each with different assumed harm/benefit profiles: the dorsal forearm and hand-based splint (long), the Manchester short splint (short), and the relative motion flexion splint (mini)...
March 16, 2024: Trials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490658/how-to-facilitate-nhs-professionals-to-recognise-and-use-skills-gained-from-global-health-engagement-when-back-in-the-uk-workforce-a-participatory-action-research-project-to-design-pilot-and-evaluate-a-series-of-online-leadership-workshops
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lucy Spowart, Alice C Inman, Louise J Hardy, Michael J Dillon
OBJECTIVES: Leadership knowledge and skills are known to be developed by health professionals during global health experiences overseas. However, volunteers struggle to recognise and use these new skills on return to their workplace. A series of bespoke leadership workshops were designed, delivered and evaluated by leadership experts to help enhance the transferability of leadership skills back to the UK National Health Service. DESIGN: A mixed-methods participatory action research methodology was employed to explore the impact of the workshops...
March 15, 2024: BMJ Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486473/comparing-screening-based-on-the-nhs-health-check-and-polypill-prevention-programmes-in-the-primary-prevention-of-heart-attacks-and-strokes
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicholas J Wald, Aroon D Hingorani, Stephen H Vale, Jonathan P Bestwick, Joan Morris
OBJECTIVE: To compare the NHS Health Check Programme with the Polypill Prevention Programme in the primary prevention of heart attacks and strokes. DESIGN: Use of published data and methodology to produce flow charts of the two programmes to determine screening performance and heart attacks and strokes prevented. SETTING: The UK population. INTERVENTION: The NHS Health Check Programme using a QRISK score on people aged 40-74 to select those eligible for a statin is compared with the Polypill Prevention Programme in people aged 50 or more to select people for a combination of a statin and three low-dose blood pressure lowering agents...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Medical Screening
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479774/25-year-trends-in-cancer-incidence-and-mortality-among-adults-aged-35-69-years-in-the-uk-1993-2018-retrospective-secondary-analysis
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jon Shelton, Ewa Zotow, Lesley Smith, Shane A Johnson, Catherine S Thomson, Amar Ahmad, Lars Murdock, Diana Nagarwalla, David Forman
OBJECTIVE: To examine and interpret trends in UK cancer incidence and mortality for all cancers combined and for the most common cancer sites in adults aged 35-69 years. DESIGN: Retrospective secondary data analysis. DATA SOURCES: Cancer registration data, cancer mortality and national population data from the Office for National Statistics, Public Health Wales, Public Health Scotland, Northern Ireland Cancer Registry, NHS England, and the General Register Office for Northern Ireland...
March 13, 2024: BMJ: British Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479068/cognitive-functional-therapy-compared-with-usual-physiotherapy-care-in-people-with-persistent-low-back-pain-a-mixed-methods-feasibility-randomised-controlled-trial-in-the-united-kingdom-national-health-service
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christopher Newton, Gurpreet Singh, David Nolan, Vicky Booth, Claire Diver, Seth O'Neill, Helen Purtill, Pip Logan, Kieran O'Sullivan, Peter O'Sullivan
OBJECTIVES: To determine the feasibility of completing a definitive randomised controlled trial (RCT), evaluating the clinical and cost-effectiveness of Cognitive Functional Therapy (CFT) in comparison to usual physiotherapy care (UPC), for people with persistent low back pain (LBP). DESIGN AND SETTING: A two-arm parallel feasibility RCT completed in a United Kingdom (UK) Secondary Care National Health Service (NHS) physiotherapy service. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty adult participants who reported LBP lasting for more than three months, that was not attributable to a serious (e...
February 12, 2024: Physiotherapy
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