Antimicrobial suceptibility testing

BACKGROUND: UTI recurrence is important in immunocompromised patients. There is a trend to study genotypically and phenotypically the role of certain virulence factors of Escherichia coli in the diagnosis of recurrent UTI. The main objective of this study was to determine if there is an association between phenotypic characteristics of E. coli and UTI recurrence in immunocompromised patients. METHODS: A case-control study was performed on immunocompromised patients from Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad del Bajío, Mexico...

OBJECTIVES: The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of clinical Burkholderia pseudomallei (B. pseudomallei) in Vietnam has not been reported since the first publication in 2008. The present study aimed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of B. pseudomallei isolated in a tertiary referral centre in Hanoi from January 2012 to December 2017. METHODS: A total of 312 B. pseudomallei isolates obtained from melioidosis patients admitted to a 2000-bed general hospital were analysed by the Etest method...

Mastitis is an inflammatory process of the udder tissue caused mainly by the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. The indiscriminate use of antibiotics fosters conditions that favor the selection of resistant microorganisms, suppressing at the same time susceptible forms, causing a serious problem in dairy cattle. Given the importance in performing an antibiogram to select the most adequate antimicrobial therapy, the aim of this study was to identify bacteria isolated from cow's milk with mastitis, in dairy farms situated in the city of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, and to determinate the susceptibility profile of these isolates against the antibiotics used to treat this illness...

Environmental stresses are thought to be associated with increases in disease suceptibility, attributable to evolutionary trade-offs between the energy demands required to deal with stress vs pathogens. We compared the effects of temperature stress and pathogen exposure on the immune response of a solitary bee, Megachile rotundata. Using an oligonucleotide microarray with 125 genes (375 probes), we determined that both high and low temperatures increased the expression of immune response genes in M. rotundata and reduced levels of a disease called chalkbrood...

OBJECTIVES: Various Vibrio cholerae serogroups cause cholera, which occurs as major epidemic disease in most developing countries. This study was aimed at determining the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of V. cholerae and its serotypes from cholera cases. METHODS: The study was undertaken during cholera epidemics in North West Ethiopia from August 2006 to September 2008. Diarrheic stool samples were processed per the standard microbiology procedures at Bahir Dar Regional Health Research Laboratory...

A multicentre study was carried out in order to validate the E test in comparison with the reference agar dilution method for testing the susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori to amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and metronidazole. Ten clinical isolates and one control collection isolate ( Helicobacter pylori ATCC 43504) were tested blindly at four centres according to a uniform methodology. The E test showed excellent intra- and inter-laboratory correlations with the agar dilution method for amoxicillin and clarithromycin (>98% agreement within 2 log(2) dilution steps)...

Staphylococcus aureus biofilms formed on medical implants represent a serious problem, being difficult to eradicate with antibiotic therapy and leading to chronic infections. Simplified in vivo and in vitro antibiotic susceptibility assays using biofilm bacteria are needed. In this work, a novel chronic osteomyelitis infection model was developed in rats in the absence of bacterial suspension, requiring the use of only 10(6) bacteria in biofilms at the site of surgery, with a full success in reproducing infection...

Clinical isolates of respiratory tract pathogens were susceptibility tested against six different antimicrobial agents. The in vitro activity of moxifloxacin was compared with that of levofloxacin, cefaclor, amoxicillin-clavulanate acid, azithromycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole against 111 isolates, including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis and other species isolated from respiratory tract infections. All isolates were susceptible to moxifloxacin, except for two isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa which showed intermediate-resistance (MIC=6µg/mL), and one isolate of Escherichia coli which showed resistance (MIC>32µg/mL)...

In a period of two months, 232 consecutive urinary tract pathogens were isolated from hospitalised and non-hospitalised patients. Among the isolates, 200 (86.2%) were gram negative bacilli, including E. coli 109 (54.5%), Klebsiella species, 44 (22.5%), Enterobacter species 19 (9.5%), Proteus species 18 (9%), Morganella morganii 9 (4.5%) and Salmonella typhimurium, one (0.5%). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing to amoxycillin/clavulanic acid, nitrofurantoin, gentamicin and cefuroxime was performed using Stoke's method...

The minimal inhibitory concentration of 10 antibiotics for 244 isolates of group B streptococci was determined. Susceptibility to penicillin G, ampicillin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, and carbenicillin was uniform. Tetracycline and bacitracin resistance among these isolates was frequent (87.5 and 97.9%, respectively). Three strains (1.2%) failed to be inhibited by 100 mug of lincomycin or clindamycin per ml. Susceptibility of these 244 strains to the agents tested was unrelated to source of the isolate, year of isolation, or strain serotype...