Electromagnetic Navigation

PURPOSE: Currently, the rigid instruments used for laparoscopic radical resection of prostate cancer not only have the risk of damage to tissues, blood vessels, and nerves, but their limited freedom will also cause surgical blind areas. Soft robots are expected to solve these issues due to inherent flexibility, compliance, and safe interaction with tissues and organs. In addition, to achieve high surgical accuracy and provide precise guidance for surgeons, the navigation method should be studied for the soft robot...

OBJECTIVE: Neuronavigation is common technology used by skull base teams when performing endoscopic endonasal surgery. A common practice of MRI imagining is to obtain 3D isotopic gadolinium enhanced T1W magnetisation prepared rapid gradient echo (MPRAGE) sequences. These are prone to distortion when undertaken on 3 T magnets. The aim of this project is to compare the in vivo accuracy of MRI sequences between current and new high resolution 3D sequences. The goal is to determine if geometric distortion significantly affects neuronavigation accuracy...

Bronchoscopy has a low risk of complications when diagnosing peripheral lung lesions suspected of malignancy, however the procedures do not always determine a diagnosis. Several modalities have been invented to improve the diagnostic yield, including radial endobronchial ultrasound and electromagnetic navigation, which are currently used by several departments in Denmark. Augmented fluoroscopy, CT-guided bronchoscopy and robotic bronchoscopy are not yet available in Denmark, but may improve the diagnostic work-up, as argued in this review...

BACKGROUND: Ventriculoscopic neuronavigation has been described in several papers. However, there are different ventriculoscopes and navigation systems. Due to these different combinations, it is difficult to find detailed neuronavigation protocols. We describe, step-by-step, a simple method to navigate both the trajectory until reaching the ventricular system, as well as the intraventricular work. METHODS: We use a rigid ventriculoscope (LOTTA, KarlStorz) with an EM-stylet (S8-StealthSystem, Medtronic)...

OBJECTIVE: Preclinical validation study to assess the feasibility and accuracy of electromagnetic image-guided systems (EM-IGS) in orbital surgery using high-fidelity physical orbital anatomy simulators. METHODS: EM-IGS platform, clinical software, navigation instruments and reference system (StealthStation S8, Medtronic) were evaluated in a mock operating theatre at the Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital, a tertiary academic hospital in Dublin, Ireland. Five high-resolution 3D-printed model skulls were created using CT scans of five anonymised patients with an orbital tumour that previously had a successful orbital biopsy or excision...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Pulmonary nodules are frequently encountered in high-risk patients. Often these require biopsy which can be challenging. We relate our experience comparing use of electromagnetic navigational bronchoscopy (ENB) to a robotic bronchoscopy system (RB). A retrospective review of patients undergoing bronchoscopic biopsy from 2015 to 2021. The timeframe overlapped with transition from ENB using Veran SPiN system to RB using Ion system by Intuitive. Patient and nodule characteristics were collected. Primary end point was overall diagnostic yield which was defined by pathologic confirmation of malignancy or benign finding...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a method for estimating the tip position of a fiber optic shape-sensing (FOSS) integrated instrument being inserted through a bronchoscope. A modified guidewire with a multicore optical fiber was inserted into the working channel of a custom-made catheter with three electromagnetic (EM) sensors. The displacement between the instruments was manually set, and a point-based method was applied to match the position of the EM sensors to corresponding points on the shape...

BACKGROUND: Mapping of the pulmonary lymphatic system by near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging might not always identify the first lymph node relay. The aim of this study was to determine the clinicopathologic factors allowing the identification of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) by NIR fluorescence imaging in thoracic surgery for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of 92 patients treated for suspected or confirmed cN0 lung cancer with curative intent who underwent an intraoperative injection of indocyanine green (ICG) either by direct peritumoral injection or by endobronchial injection using electromagnetic navigational bronchoscopy (ENB)...

Microwave thermal ablation is an established therapeutic technique for treating malignant tissue in various organs. Its success greatly depends on the knowledge of dielectric properties of the targeted tissue and on how they change during the treatment. Innovation in lung navigation has recently increased the clinical interest in the transbronchial microwave ablation treatment of lung cancer. However, lung tissue is not largely characterized, thus its dielectric properties investigation prior and post ablation is key...

PURPOSE: To report our experience with patient specific implants for one-step orbit reconstruction following hyperostotic SWM removal and to describe the evolution of the technique through three surgical cases. Methods: Three cases of one-step SWM removal and orbit reconstruction are described. All cases are given consecutively to describe the evolution of the technique. Hyperostotic bone resection was facilitated by electromagnetic navigation and cutting guides (templates). Based on a 3D model, silicone molds were made using CAD/CAM...

IMPORTANCE: Image guidance is an important adjunct for endoscopic sinus and skull base surgery. However, current systems require bulky external tracking equipment, and their use can interrupt efficient surgical workflow. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a trackerless surgical navigation system using 3-dimensional (3D) endoscopy and simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithms in the anterior skull base. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This interventional deceased donor cohort study and retrospective clinical case study was conducted at a tertiary academic medical center with human deceased donor specimens and a patient with anterior skull base pathology...

BACKGROUND: Safely implementing transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) requires accurate navigation. Traditional fluoroscopy falls short in reducing the risk of post-procedure pneumothorax. The potential of electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB) as a more precise navigation method warrants further exploration. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted on ILD patients undergoing TBLC. Patients were assigned either fluoroscopy or ENB for cryoprobe positioning...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

The increasing incidence of incidental pulmonary nodules necessitates effective biopsy techniques for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. This paper reviews the widely used advanced bronchoscopic techniques such as radial endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial lung biopsy, electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy and the cutting-edge robotic-assisted bronchoscopy. In addition, the cryobiopsy technique, which can enhance diagnostic yield by combining with conventional biopsy tools, is described for application to peripheral pulmonary lesions and mediastinal lesions, respectively...

BACKGROUND: The utilization of computed tomography (CT)-guided localization and electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB)-guided localization has gained significant traction in the localization of pulmonary nodules before video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). This study aimed to ascertain the precision and safety of the two groups in the preoperative resection of isolated nodules in small peripheral lungs. Furthermore, we examined the subsequent outcomes pertaining to the decline in lung function and alterations in anxiety and depression following resection utilizing both localization techniques...

INTRODUCTION: The investigation of peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs) can be challenging. Several bronchoscopic modalities have been developed to reach and biopsy PPL but the level of adoption of these techniques by interventional pulmonologists (IPs) is unknown. This international survey was conducted to describe current practices in PPL investigation among IP. METHODS: This survey was sent to all members of the World Association for Bronchology and Interventional Pulmonology, Canadian Thoracic Society Procedures Assembly, AABIP, and the Groupe d'Endoscopie Thoracique et Interventionnel Francophone...

An inertial guidance system based on a fiber optic gyroscope (FOG) is an effective way to guide long-distance curved pipe jacking. However, environmental disturbances such as vibration, electromagnetism, and temperature will cause the FOG signal to generate significant random noise. The random noise will overwhelm the effective signal. Therefore, it is necessary to eliminate the random noise. This study proposes a hybrid de-noising method, namely complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN)-lifting wavelet transform (LWT)...

The paper introduces a numerical simulation method for Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging of submerged body wakes by integrating hydrodynamics, electromagnetic scattering, and SAR imaging simulation. This work is helpful for better understanding SAR images of submerged body wakes. Among these, the hydrodynamic model consists of two sets of ocean dynamics closely related to SAR imaging, namely the wake of the submerged body and wind waves. For the wake, we simulated it using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical methods...

The past two decades have witnessed a revolutionary era for peripheral bronchoscopy. Though the initial description of radial endobronchial ultrasound can be traced back to 1992, it was not until the mid-2000s that its utilization became commonplace, primarily due to the introduction of electromagnetic navigation (EMN) bronchoscopy. While the diagnostic yield of EMN-assisted sampling has shown substantial improvement over historical fluoroscopy-assisted bronchoscopic biopsy, its diagnostic yield plateaued at around 70%...