Radiology quality

PURPOSE: Aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a new surgical corrective manoeuvre for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) by asymmetrically shaped and simultaneously applied rods and in combination with direct vertebral rotation, to control both the triplanar deformity and the kyphosis apex location. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 36 patients who undergo surgical treatment using simultaneous translation on two differently contoured rods, in combination with direct vertebral rotation...

PURPOSE: To determine the need for a standardized renal mass reporting template by analyzing reports of indeterminate renal masses and comparing their contents to stated preferences of radiologists and urologists. METHODS: The host IRB waived regulatory oversight for this multi-institutional HIPAA-compliant quality improvement effort. CT and MRI reports created to characterize an indeterminate renal mass were analyzed from 6 community (median: 17 reports/site) and 6 academic (median: 23 reports/site) United States practices...

BACKGROUND: Treatment of chronic osteomyelitis (COM) remains challenging and often results in large bone defects. Dead space management and proper defect filling are essential for successful treatment. Bioactive glass S53P4 (BAG-S53P4) is an anorganic bone graft substitute with antibacterial, osteoconductive, osteostimulative and angiogenic properties. The aim of our study was to analyse the outcome of patients with COM and infected non-unions, whose bone defects were filled with BAG-S53P4...

European Radiation Dosimetry Group (EURADOS) Working Group 7 is a network on internal dosimetry that brings together researchers from more than 60 institutions in 21 countries. The work of the group is organised into task groups that focus on different aspects, such as development and implementation of biokinetic models (e.g. for diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid decorporation therapy), individual monitoring and the dose assessment process, Monte Carlo simulations for internal dosimetry, uncertainties in internal dosimetry, and internal microdosimetry...

With an ever-expanding use of cross-sectional imaging for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, there has also been an increase in the need for exposure to such radiological and anatomical views at the undergraduate and postgraduate level to allow for early familiarisation with the relevant anatomy. Cadaveric cross-sections offer an excellent link between the two-dimensional radiological images and the three-dimensional anatomical structures. For such cross-sections to be useful and informative within educational settings, they need to be: (i) safe for students and trainees to handle and (ii) robust enough to withstand repeated handling; as well as (iii) displaying anatomy clearly and accurately...

BACKGROUND: Our main objective was to report the current use of active surveillance in Spain and to identify areas for potential improvement. METHODS: A questionnaire generated by the Platform for Multicentre Studies of the Spanish Urology Association (AEU/PIEM/2014/0001, NCT02865330) was sent to all associate researchers from January to March 2016. The questionnaire included 7 domains covering various aspects of active surveillance. RESULTS: Thirty-three of the 41 associate researchers responded to the questionnaire...

BACKGROUND: Patient-centred outcomes are being given great attention by the dental scientific community. The Oral Health Impact Profile -14 questionnaire (OHIP-14) has been introduced to address patients' success criteria when describing the impact of oral rehabilitations on quality of life (OHrQoL). METHODS: Thirty-five patients wearing a full-arch implant-prosthesis being in place between 4 and 6 years before this analysis were considered eligible and then enrolled in the present retrospective study...

Objectives: Due to increasing cardiac disease and its mortality rate, the frequency of cardiac imaging has grown and, as a result, interventional cardiologists potentially receive high radiation doses in cardiac examinations. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) level of radiation protection (RP) among interventional radiology staff in Iranian health care centers across the country. Methods: We used a validated questionnaire survey consisting of 30 multiple-choice questions to perform a cross-sectional study...

OBJECTIVE: Increased attention to quality and safety has led to a re-evaluation of the classic apprenticeship model for procedural training. Many have proposed simulation as a supplementary teaching tool. The purpose of this study was to assess radiology resident exposure to procedural training and procedural simulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An IRB-exempt online survey was distributed to current radiology residents in the United States by e-mail. Survey results were summarized using frequency and percentages...

We analysed 100 patients following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with interbody stabilisation with PEEK cages. Radiographs obtained preoperatively and during the 12-month follow-up were compared to track changes in overall and local cervical lordosis and disk space height. Subsidence was defined as cage migration ≥ 3 mm into the adjacent endplates. Mean change in operated disk space height was 1.13 ± 1.33 mm. Subsidence was detected in 10.23% of the operated spaces. Mean change in overall cervical lordosis was 1...

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly moving from an experimental phase to an implementation phase in many fields, including medicine. The combination of improved availability of large datasets, increasing computing power, and advances in learning algorithms has created major performance breakthroughs in the development of AI applications. In the last 5 years, AI techniques known as deep learning have delivered rapidly improving performance in image recognition, caption generation, and speech recognition...

AIM: To develop examination algorithm and to determine the indications for various options for surgical treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: It is presented analysis of surgical treatment of 25 patients with unilateral diaphragm relaxation for the period from 1963 to 2016. There were 15 men and 10 women aged from 39 to 65 years. Diagnosis included predominantly radiological methods. All patients were operated openly through thoracotomy. Procedure consisted of creation of new diaphragmatic cupola at the usual level with two flaps of diaphragm and prosthesis between them...

Committee 2 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has constructed mesh-type adult reference computational phantoms by converting the voxel-type ICRP Publication 110 adult reference computational phantoms to a high-quality mesh format, and adding those tissues that were below the image resolution of the voxel phantoms and therefore not included in the Publication 110 phantoms. The new mesh phantoms include all the necessary source and target tissues for effective dose calculations, including the 8-40-µm-thick target layers of the alimentary and respiratory tract organs, thereby obviating the need for supplemental organ-specific stylised models (e...

Kidney cancer is the 9th most common cancer in men and the 14th most common in women worldwide. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) constitutes 90% of all malignancies of the kidney. RCC, is known to be highly vascular and relatively radioresistant. Bone metastases are one of the most common metastatic sites and occur in around 30% of RCCs. They significantly impact the quality of life of patients causing pain and pathological fractures. Spinal metastases represent a particular case with regard to symptoms and treatment...

OBJECTIVES: The UK Register of Prostate Embolisation (UK ROPE) study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of Prostate Artery Embolisation (PAE) for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms secondary to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH) patients. The main secondary aim was an indirect comparison with transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). SUBJECTS/PATIENTS AND METHODS: As a joint initiative between BSIR, BAUS and NICE, this study recruited 305 patients across 17 UK urological / interventional radiology centres: 216 PAE, 89 TURP...

OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this article are to examine a few of the barriers the transgender population faces in achieving equitable health care, to suggest ways radiologists and radiology staff can help to address these obstacles and provide high-quality care to transgender patients, and to discuss a number of evidence-based guidelines regarding appropriate imaging and screening tests for the transgender population. CONCLUSION: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender individuals face numerous health care disparities, including stigmatization and discrimination in health care environments...

BACKGROUND: Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) represents a very common cause of pleural exudates, and is one of the most challenging pleural disorders to manage. This could be attributed to the paucity of high-quality experimental evidence, and inconsistent practice worldwide. South Africa (SA) currently has no data regarding the aetiology of MPE. OBJECTIVES: To identify the most common malignancies causing MPE in a population served by a large tertiary hospital in SA, and specifically the relative contribution of mesothelioma...

Aims Arthroscopically controlled fracture reduction in combination with percutaneous screw fixation may be an alternative approach to open surgery to treat talar neck fractures. The purpose of this study was thus to present preliminary results on arthroscopically reduced talar neck fractures. Patients and Methods A total of seven consecutive patients (four women and three men, mean age 39 years (19 to 61)) underwent attempted surgical treatment of a closed Hawkins type II talar neck fracture using arthroscopically assisted reduction and percutaneous screw fixation...

Aims The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the functional and radiological outcomes of bridge plating, screw fixation, and a combination of both methods for the treatment of Lisfranc fracture dislocations. Patients and Methods A total of 108 patients were treated for a Lisfranc fracture dislocation over a period of nine years. Of these, 38 underwent transarticular screw fixation, 45 dorsal bridge plating, and 25 a combination technique. Injuries were assessed preoperatively according to the Myerson classification system...

OBJECTIVE: Current radiology and internal medicine (IM) residents have trained to varying degrees depending on program in the post picture archiving and communication systems implementation era and thus have largely missed out on the benefits of in-person, 2-way communication between radiologists and consulting clinicians. The purpose of this study is to broadly explore resident perspectives from these groups on the desire for personal contact between radiologists and referring physicians and the effect of improved contact on clinical practice...