Evidence best practice

BACKGROUND: Health apps are increasingly recognized as crucial tools for enhancing health care delivery. Many countries, particularly those in sub-Saharan Africa, can substantially benefit from using health apps to support self-management and thus help to achieve universal health coverage and the third sustainable development goal. However, most health apps published in app stores are of unknown or poor quality, which poses a risk to patient safety. Regulatory standards and guidance can help address this risk and promote patient safety...

INTRODUCTION: More than one in ten people globally live with a mental health illness. Adolescent mental health is a major contributor to that statistic, as 27% of adolescents have one or more mental, emotional, developmental, or behavioral problems. School-based health care clinics can provide mental health services for this age group. OBJECTIVES: This project aimed to promote evidence-based practices regarding adolescent mental health screening in schools. METHODS: This project used the JBI Evidence Implementation Framework to promote evidence-based practices for adolescent mental health screening in schools...

INTRODUCTION: In the acute phase after a spinal cord injury or disease (SCI/D), various therapeutic assessments and interventions are applied with the goal of restoring structures, preventing complications and preparing the patient as best as possible for further activity and finally participation. The goal was to identify and evaluate the available evidence on assessments and interventions for body functions and structures to prepare adults with acute spinal cord SCI/D for activity and participation during the first 14 days...

Introduction : Transcutaneous osseointegration following amputation (TOFA) confers better mobility and quality of life for most patients versus socket prosthesis rehabilitation. Peri-TOFA infection remains the most frequent complication and lacks an evidence-based diagnostic algorithm. This study's objective was to investigate preoperative factors associated with positive intraoperative cultures among patients suspected of having peri-TOFA infection in order to create an evidence-based diagnostic algorithm...

BACKGROUND: Evidence has shown that the risk of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is much higher in prisons than in the community. The release of the COVID-19 vaccine and the recommendation by WHO to include prisons among priority settings have led to the inclusion of prisons in national COVID-19 vaccination strategies. Evidence on prison health and healthcare services provision is limited and often focuses on a single country or institution due to the multiple challenges of conducting research in prison settings...

Objective: To retrieve, evaluate, and summarize the best evidence for the treatment of hypoxemia in patients with COVID-19 infection using the awake prone positioning, with the aim of guiding healthcare professionals in the standardized implementation of this therapy. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in databases including UpToDate, BMJ Best Practice, JBI Evidence-Based Healthcare Center, American Association of Critical-Care Nurses, Intensive Care Society, European Respiratory Society, World Health Organization website, Cochrane Library, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang...

BACKGROUND: Mandatory training is considered fundamental to establishing and maintaining high standards of professional practice. There is little evidence however, of the training either achieving its required learning outcomes, or delivering improvement in outcomes for patients. Whist organisations may be hitting their compliance target for mandatory training, is the purpose missing the point? This systematic review aims to synthesize and evaluate the efficacy of statutory and mandatory training...

OBJECTIVE: The proposed review will describe the characteristics, enablers, and barriers to the community health and well-being assessment (CHWA) component of the health promotion practice cycle. INTRODUCTION: CHWA guides health promotion action in communities and populations. A "critical" approach to CHWA can be adopted, which addresses the social, political, cultural, economic, commercial, and environmental determinants of health and well-being to enhance health equity for priority communities and populations...

The use of collaborative exercises (CE) and proficiency tests (PT) as part of the governance programme for any forensic science laboratory has become commonplace and recommended by several international organisations. Traditionally these have been discipline-specific exercises testing a laboratory's ability in a single area of forensic science. However, the "real" world is normally more complex and, in many instances, forensic material must be examined for a number of different evidence types. This article summarises the concepts, planning, design, preparation, implementation, co-ordination and evaluation of the 2022 Multidisciplinary Collaborative Exercise (2022-MdCE) covering a range of forensic disciplines, specifically DNA, fingerprint, documents and handwriting...

INTRODUCTION: Results of retrospective studies examining the relationship between prolactin increasing antipsychotics and incident breast cancer have been inconsistent. This study assessed the association between use of high prolactin increasing antipsychotics (HPD) and the incidence of breast cancer using best practices in pharmacoepidemiology. METHODS: Using administrative claims data from the MarketScan Medicaid database, schizophrenia patients initiating antipsychotics were identified...

BACKGROUND: In the Visakhapatnam District, this study compares the quality management procedures used by public and private hospitals. Knowing how these practices are similar and different from one another can help inform policy decisions and improve the quality of health care. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was used, and 100 hospitals from both public (50 hospitals) and private (50 hospitals) were included in the sample size. A standardized questionnaire that evaluated different aspects of quality management practices was used to gather the data...

INTRODUCTION: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people want to quit smoking. There is global evidence of combination Nicotine Replacement Therapy (c-NRT) alongside behavioural support as best practice approach to smoking cessation care. However, there is limited adherence and acceptability research regarding NRT and behavioural supports for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Similarly, there is limited research on what is considered culturally appropriate and safe support for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people to quit smoking...

BACKGROUND: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a heritable disorder affecting 1.3 million individuals in the USA. Eighty percent of people with FH are undiagnosed, particularly minoritized populations including Black or African American people, Asian or Asian American people, and women across racial groups. Family cascade screening is an evidence-based practice that can increase diagnosis and improve health outcomes but is rarely implemented in routine practice, representing an important care gap...

OBJECTIVES: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy is a new treatment for patients with myeloma and other B cell malignancies where advanced practice nurses (APN) can make a great contribution. The aim of this review is to identify key aspects of current literature relevant to APNs working with this population. METHODS: Discussion of selected peer-reviewed literature and best practice guidelines found through electronic database searches (CINAHL, MEDLINE)...

Overdose prevention sites (OPS) are beginning to be examined for their feasibility of implementation in the United States to curb the fatality of overdoses. Support for these sites varies greatly and can impact local policy, implementation, and the long-term viability of such programs. This study examined two communications strategies - research and anecdotal evidence - and their effect on public support for an OPS. One group (n= 106) was presented with a summary of research evidence for the efficacy of implementing an OPS in their community...

INTRODUCTION: Colorectal cancer is a growing global health concern and the number of reported cases has increased over the years. Early detection through screening is critical to improve outcomes for patients with colorectal cancer. In Malaysia, there is an urgent need to optimize the colorectal cancer screening program as uptake is limited by multiple challenges. This study aims to systematically identify and address gaps in screening service delivery to optimize the Malaysian colorectal cancer screening program...

BACKGROUND: The EuroQol Valuation Technology (EQ-VT) protocol is currently employed by the valuation studies of the EQ family of instruments worldwide. To date, all the evidence in support of the quality control (QC) originates from quantitative indicators. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to explore interviewers' conversational patterns in EQ-VT interviews, beyond quantitative QC indicators, and to provide a preliminary exploration of how the interaction between interviewer and respondent impacts data quality...

BACKGROUND: Quality has been a persistent challenge in the healthcare system, particularly in resource-limited settings. As a result, the utilization of innovative approaches is required to help countries in their efforts to enhance the quality of healthcare. The positive deviance (PD) approach is an innovative approach that can be utilized to improve healthcare quality. The approach assumes that solutions to problems are already available within the community and identifying and sharing those solutions can help others to resolve existing issues...

PURPOSE: Preoperative oral carbohydrate (CHO) is a rapid postoperative rehabilitation protocol that improves perioperative outcomes and is widely used in adult surgical patients. However, pregnant women are excluded because of the possibility of aspiration due to delayed gastric emptying. This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of preoperative oral CHO in elective cesarean section. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to July 2023...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Lack of consistent data and guidance have led to variations between clinicians in the management of pregnancy in women with multiple sclerosis (MS). Pregnant and/or lactating women are often excluded from clinical trials conducted in MS, and thus, the labeling for most disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) excludes use during pregnancy. This has led to heterogeneity in interpretation and labeling regarding the safety of DMTs during pregnancy and lactation and the required preconception washout periods...