Malignant giant cell tumor soft tissue

Spindle cell lipoma (SCL) is a benign adipocytic tumor that primarily occurs in the subcutis of the posterior neck, upper back, and shoulder, particularly of middle-aged males. SCL and pleomorphic lipoma (PL) represent a morphological spectrum of one disease process. The lesion typically presents as a relatively small (<5 cm), mobile, slow-growing, painless mass. Magnetic resonance imaging reveals the lesion to be a well-defined subcutaneous mass with a mixture of adipose and non-adipose components. Intense enhancement of the non-adipose component is seen after contrast administration...

BACKGROUND: Endoprosthetic distal femoral replacement (DFR) is a well-established salvage procedure following resection of malignant tumors within the distal femur. Use of an all-polyethylene tibial (APT) component is cost-effective and avoids failure due to locking-mechanism issues and backside wear, but limits modularity and the option for late liner exchange. Due to a paucity of literature we sought to answer three questions: (1) What are the most common modes of implant failure for patients undergoing cemented DFR with APT for oncologic indications? (2) What is the survivorship, rate of all-cause reoperation, and rate of revision for aseptic loosening of these implants? And (3) Is there a difference in implant survivorship or patient demographics between cemented DFRs with APT performed as a primary reconstruction vs those performed as a revision procedure? AIM: To assess outcomes of cemented DFRs with APT components used for oncologic indications...

AIM: The current study aimed to evaluate the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of extremity soft tissue tumors and tumor-like abnormalities. METHODS: This prospective observational study of 71 patients with soft tissue lesions of extremities was conducted at a tertiary hospital and teaching center in western India after obtaining Institutional Ethical Committee (IEC) clearance. All patients underwent an MRI of the region of interest on Siemens Magnetom Vida 3 Tesla MRI (Erlangen, Germany)...

Calcified chondroid mesenchymal neoplasm is a term proposed for tumors with a spectrum of morphologic features, including cartilage/chondroid matrix formation, that frequently harbor FN1 gene fusions. We report a series of 33 cases of putative calcified chondroid mesenchymal neoplasms, mostly referred for expert consultation out of concern for malignancy. Patients included 17 males and 16 females, with a mean age of 51.3 years. Anatomic locations include the hands and fingers, feet and toes, head and neck, and temporomandibular joint; 1 patient presented with multifocal disease...

Giant cell tumor (GCT) is a primary bone tumor of long bones, which can rarely involve the vertebrae. Contiguous vertebral involvement by GCT is a rare presentation and poses a diagnostic dilemma on imaging. We report a case of GCT involving three contiguous lumbar vertebrae causing vertebral collapse along with a large soft tissue component. Considering the site and clinical presentation, possibilities of a round cell tumor with large extraosseous soft tissue component and malignant neurogenic tumor were suggested on initial radiological examination but histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of GCT...

Primary extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma (EES) is a rare small round cell malignancy that accounts for less than 1% of all sarcomas. It is found most commonly in the trunk and lower limbs and very rarely in the pleura and can be easily misdiagnosed in clinical practice. This study presents the case of an 11-year-old boy who presented to our hospital with no apparent cause of left shoulder pain for 6 months. On physical examination, tenderness was noted in the left chest wall and shoulder joint, which had a limited range of motion...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Gossypiboma is a term used to describe a surgical error related to accidental retention of surgical material within the body. Gossypibomas of extremities are rare and not only lead to serious health problems (infection and organ damage), but also, they may mimic benign or malignant tumors, especially those affecting the thigh where they may mimic soft tissue sarcomas. CASE PRESENTATION: A 50-year-old male, presented to the orthopedic department with a round palpable mass at mid-lateral of his right thigh region...

BACKGROUND: Shoulder soft tissue function reconstruction during tumor-type hemishoulder replacement is an important step to restore shoulder function. This study evaluates the functional prognosis and postoperative complications of ligament advanced reinforcement system (LARS)-assisted soft tissue functional reconstruction in tumor-type hemi-shoulder replacement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-two patients with an average age of 37.5 ± 17.8 years diagnosed with benign invasive tumors, primary malignant bone tumors, or bone metastases were enrolled in this study...

Malignant gastrointestinal neuroectodermal tumors (MGNETs), also known as "gastrointestinal clear cell sarcoma-like tumors", are very rare, aggressive sarcomas characterized by enteric location, distinctive pathologic features, and EWSR1/FUS::ATF1/CREB1 fusions. Despite identical genetics, the clinicopathologic features of MGNET are otherwise quite different from those of clear cell sarcoma of soft parts. Only exceptional extraenteric MGNET (E-MGNET) has been reported. We report a series of 11 E-MGNETs, the largest to date...

Extraskeletal osteosarcoma (EO) is a soft tissue sarcoma characterized by the production of bone matrix by neoplastic cells. Benign osteoid in EO, leading to a diagnostic dilemma, is rarely encountered. Herein, for the first time, we present a case with cytogenetically confirmed EO combined with or preceding myositis ossificans (MO). A 21-year-old man had a mildly painful swelling in his left knee. Imaging studies demonstrated a 39-mm mass with peripheral mineralization and cystic change on the posterolateral side of the left fibular head...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Giant cell tumor of soft tissue (GCT-ST) is a rare primary neoplasm of soft tissues. It usually involves superficial and deeper soft tissues of upper and lower extremities, followed by trunk. CASE PRESENTATION: A 28-year-old female, presented with a painful mass in left abdominal wall for three months. On examination, it measured 4 × 4 cm with ill-defined margins. CECT showed ill-defined enhancing lesion deep to muscle planes with possible invasion of peritoneal layer...

Objective: To analyze the clinical and pathological characteristics and prognosis of 35 cases of solitary fibrous tumor of ocular adnexal (SFT). Methods: This was a retrospective case series study. The clinical data of 35 cases of ocular adnexal SFT was collected in Tianjin Eye Hospital from January 2000 to December 2020. The clinical manifestations, imaging examination results, pathological characteristics, treatment of patients were analyzed, and patients were followed up. All cases were classified according to the 2013 classification of World Health Organization of tumors of soft tissue and bone...

Giant cell tumor of soft tissue (GCTST) is a defined disease entity that has a morphology similar to giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB). The malignant transformation of GCTST has not been reported, and a kidney primary is extremely rare. We report the case of a 77-year-old Japanese male, who was diagnosed with primary GCTST of the kidney and showed peritoneal dissemination, considered to be a malignant transformation of GCTST, in 4 years and 5 months. Histologically, the primary lesion showed characteristics of round cells with not prominent atypia, multi-nucleated giant cells, and osteoid formation, and carcinoma components were not found...

INTRODUCTION: Glomus tumors (GT) are rare, benign tumors that arise from glomus bodies and usually develop in digital areas. Extradigital GT are exceptional and thigh location is infrequent. CASE REPORT: We report a case of a GT of the thigh in a 79-year-old male patient that measured 9.5 cm in maximum size. The GT lay above the muscular fascia without infiltrating it. Internal hypervascularity was seen by spectral Doppler ultrasound. Magnetic resonance image showed a heterogeneous mass with hyperintense and hypointense components and internal lobes with liquid-liquid levels...

Lipoblastoma is a rare benign soft tissue neoplasm rising from embryonic white adipose tissue known as lipoblast that keeps proliferating during the postnatal period. Although lipoblastomas are benign, they often grow rapidly. Most lipoblastomas are asymptomatic at presentation; they can present as a growing painless palpable mass and progressive symptoms of various organ compression depending on localization. A giant mesenteric lipoblastoma is a rare case with only a few cases reported. An infant with large intraabdominal masses may present preoperative diagnostic difficulties...

Tumors in the hand are relatively uncommon but 95% are benign. Tumors occurring in the hand, forearm and arm often have unique growth patterns and potential for metastasis that may be different from those seen elsewhere in the body. Secondary metastatic tumors in the hand are very rare (0.1%). Diagnosis is mainly clinical, but X-ray, USG and MRI help as a diagnostic aid. The aim of the study was to early diagnosis, see the pattern and proper management of the hand tumor and ensure good hand function. This prospective study was done from January 2004 to July 2019...

Hand masses and infections are commonly encountered by the community orthopaedic specialist, and maintaining an understanding of these ailments is important for diagnosis, treatment, and possible referral to a hand specialist. Hand masses are common, and it is important to provide the community orthopaedic specialist the knowledge needed for appropriate diagnostic workup and treatment as well as an understanding of when to refer to a hand specialist. Hand masses arise from soft tissue or bone. Specific types include ganglion cysts, mucoid cysts, giant cell tumors of the tendon sheath, lipomas, epidermal inclusions cysts, glomus tumors, and malignancies...

Neurotropic melanoma is a rare type of malignant melanoma with nerve invasion or neural differentiation. Neurocristic cutaneous hamartoma is a rare, benign tumor of the skin and superficial soft tissue that arises from atypical migration of neural crest cells. We report a rare case of a 74-year-old man with a clinically diagnosed giant congenital nevus of the right mid-back, histopathologically confirmed to be a neurocristic cutaneous hamartoma who developed neurotropic spindle cell melanoma within the lesion...

PURPOSE: This study aimed to characterize giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath (GCTTS) in spine more fully and further validate the therapeutical effect of surgcial resection for treating this neoplasm. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with spinal GCTTS and received surgical resection in our hospital between January 2009 and September 2021 were identified retrospectively. The clinical data and radiological images were summarized and the clinical outcomes of patients with a follow-up period of more than 12 months were analyzed...

BACKGROUND: Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TSGCT) is a benign fibrohistiocytic tumor that affects the synovium of joints, bursa, and tendon sheaths and is categorized into localized TSGCT (LTSGCT) and diffuse TSGCT (DTSGCT). LTSGCT and DTSGCT are characterized by recurrent fusions involving the colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) gene and its translocation partner collagen type VI alpha 3 chain. The fusion gene induces intratumoral overexpression of CSF1 mRNA and CSF1 protein. CSF1 expression is a characteristic finding of TSGCT and detection of CSF1 mRNA and CSF1 protein may be useful for the pathological diagnosis...