Jugular

Paragangliomas (PGLs) are tumors that are rarely malignant; the majority of them are benign. Similar to pheochromocytoma, they develop from the autonomic nerve system. This system originates from neural crest cells and can undergo neoplastic transformation. PGLs can arise either inside or outside the adrenal glands. Head and neck PGLs are very scarce. The primary locations where this tumor commonly originates within this region are the carotid body, jugular bulb, and vagal body. Hence, in our case report, we attempt to highlight the uncommon presentation of this disease in a 46-year-old female, who initially presented with hypertension and persistent dysphonia...

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of ultrasound-guided stellate ganglion block (SGB) on cerebral oxygen metabolism and serum S100B during carotid endarterectomy (CEA). METHODS: Patients who were prospectively enrolled to receive CEA under elective general anesthesia were randomized into an SGB group and a control group (ChiCTR2000033385). Before anesthesia, the SGB group underwent ipsilateral SGB under ultrasound guidance, while the control group did not. Ultrasound-guided right subclavian internal jugular vein catheterization was performed under general anesthesia...

Intravenous self-administration in rats is used widely to study the reinforcing effects of drugs and serves as the gold standard for assessing their use and misuse potential. One challenge that researchers often encounter when scaling up experiments is balancing the cost, time investment to construct, and robustness of each implanted catheter. These catheters include multiple components such as surgical meshing and a variety of entry ports designed to facilitate the connection of the rat to a catheter port tethering system...

One hundred and eighty crossbred beef steers (406.0 ± 2.2 kg) were used to determine the impact of a novel direct-fed microbial (DFM) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, rumen fermentation characteristics, and immune response in finishing beef cattle. Steers were blocked by body weight (BW) and randomly assigned, within block, to 1 of 2 treatments (3 replicates/treatment: 30 steers/replicate). Treatments included: (1) no DFM (control) and (2) DFM supplementation at 50 mg ∙ animal-1  ∙ d-1 (BOVAMINE DEFEND Plus)...

Pulmonary thromboembolism caused by thrombi blocking major pulmonary artery and its branches, is a frequently encountered phenomenon and an important cause of high morbidity and mortality in lung diseases and may develop into persistent pulmonary hypertension (PH). Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway had been reported participated in the formation and development of PH by promoting inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of NF-κB activation on the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in acute pulmonary microthromboembolism (APMTE) rats...

PURPOSE: This retrospective study assesses the influence of tunneled hemodialysis catheter tip location and lateralization on catheter-related complications, including dysfunction and catheter-related bloodstream infection. METHODS: Using data from 162 patients who underwent catheter placement between January 2017 and December 2020, postoperative chest X-rays and clinical records were reviewed. Outcomes were assessed based on catheter removal duration and complication incidence...

BACKGROUND: Clinical failure of arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) is frequently due to juxta-anastomotic neointimal hyperplasia (JANIH). Although the mouse AVF model recapitulates human AVF maturation, previous studies focused on the outflow vein distal to the anastomosis. We hypothesized that the juxta-anastomotic area (JAA) has increased NIH compared to the outflow vein. METHOD: AVF were created in C57BL/6 mice without or with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Temporal and spatial changes of the JAA were examined using histology and immunofluorescence...

PURPOSE: Pulsatile tinnitus can be caused by a high-riding jugular bulb (HRJB), characterized by the superior position of the jugular bulb in the petrous temporal bone. The anatomical position and morphology of this entity make it challenging for endovascular treatment. We report our experience with two patients successfully treated with a stent-assisted Woven EndoBridge (WEB; Microvention, Tustin, CA, USA) device. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We describe two cases of HRJB in patients presenting with disabling pulsatile tinnitus...

A vascular anastomosis is a critical surgical skill that involves connecting blood vessels. Traditional handsewn techniques can be challenging and resource intensive. To address these issues, we have developed a unique sutureless anastomotic device called Vaso-Lock. This intraluminal device connects free vascular ends using anchors to maintain traction and enable a rapid anastomosis. We tested the anastomotic capability of Vaso-Locks in a pig common carotid-internal jugular arteriovenous model. The use of Vaso-Lock allowed us to accomplish this procedure in less than 10 min, in contrast to the approximately 40 min required for a handsewn anastomosis...

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The goal of this project was to determine whether various measures of mammary development differed between gilts and multiparous sows at the end of gestation. During gestation, Yorkshire × Landrace gilts ( n  = 19) and sows (second and third gestations, n  = 17) were fed one daily meal of a conventional corn-based diet, where the amount fed was based on body weight (BW) and backfat thickness (BF) at mating. On day 110 ± 1 of gestation, a jugular blood sample was obtained from all gilts and sows to measure insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), glucose, free fatty acids, and urea...

A healthy man in his late 20s was admitted to the emergency department due to a flare-up in his severe chronic stomatitis, along with flu-like symptoms. CXR showed multiple bilateral consolidations and subsequent CT revealed thrombosis of the left facial and internal jugular vein, together with septic embolism in both lungs. Blood cultures showed penicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus The patient was diagnosed with Lemierre's syndrome, despite atypical bacteria and clinical presentation. During hospitalisation, he developed pulmonary empyema as a complication and was admitted for 4 weeks...

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to collect evidence to improve the arteriovenous fistula practice by investigating vascular access routes and by identifying the factors influencing the preferred types of vascular access routes for the first-time hemodialysis in our center. METHODS: We performed an epidemiological, prospective, cohort study. The study included 308 patients, who underwent hemodialysis for the first time between March 2023 and August 2023 in our hemodialysis center...

INTRODUCTION: Paediatric vascular access is a demanding field. The need for a multidisciplinary team is mandatory in children with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Central venous catheters (CVCs) remain the preferred option worldwide. Recent emerging data demonstrated the benefits of using arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) in the paediatric population for long-term vascular access. The small vessel size in children represents a surgical challenge for vascular access. CASE PRESENTATION: We report three cases from our haemodialysis department and the difficulty in maintaining permanent vascular access...

We describe a case of endovascular treatment for an iatrogenic left vertebral artery injury after central line catheter placement in a 68-year-old male patient. The patient had a massive pulmonary embolism, and a Swan-Ganz catheter was required to monitor the patient's circulatory condition. However, the catheter was inserted into the left vertebral artery and passed through the left internal jugular vein. Endovascular treatment was indicated due to the patient's poor general health. Complete hemostasis was achieved, and the postoperative course was uneventful without neurologic deficits...

Blood gas analyses have previously been performed for giraffe under anesthesia and with physical restraint in a chute; however, reference values for giraffe that are trained to participate in venipuncture without chemical or physical restraint have not previously been described. Using a point-of-care blood gas and lactate analyzer and 20 giraffe trained for voluntary phlebotomy, values were determined for venous blood gasses and plasma lactate concentration. Ninety-five percent confidence in the mean values for venous pH (7...

BACKGROUND: Reduced clearance of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been suggested as a pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). With extensive documentation in non-human mammals and contradictory human neuroimaging data it remains unknown whether the nasal mucosa is a CSF drainage site in humans. Here, we used dynamic PET with [1-11 C]-Butanol, a highly permeable radiotracer with no appreciable brain binding, to test the hypothesis that tracer drainage from the nasal pathway reflects CSF drainage from brain...

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BACKGROUND: Eagle syndrome, an uncommon condition, causes symptoms due to neural and/or vascular compression from an elongated styloid process or calcified stylohyoid ligament and can also complicate other planned surgical procedures. OBSERVATIONS: A 42-year-old female with loss of balance, dizziness, and ataxic gait underwent cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), revealing a right-sided Koos grade IV vestibular schwannoma. Initially, a retrosigmoid craniotomy for tumor resection was planned...