MDS AML ALL Lymphoma Myeloma

Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM) is a rare and indolent B-cell lymphoma. To investigate the type and survival of hematologic secondary malignancies (SMs) in Chinese patients with WM, we retrospectively reviewed the characteristics of 102 patients with WM from February 2002 to May 2023 in our center. Four men and two women were diagnosed with hematologic SMs. Of the six patients with hematologic SMs, one was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), one with multiple myeloma (MM), one with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), one with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), and two with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)...

Optical genome mapping (OGM) is a new genome-wide technology that can reveal both structural genomic variations (SVs) and copy number variations (CNVs) in a single assay. OGM was initially employed to perform genome assembly and genome research, but it is now more widely used to study chromosome aberrations in genetic disorders and in human cancer. One of the most useful OGM applications is in hematological malignancies, where chromosomal rearrangements are frequent and conventional cytogenetic analysis alone is insufficient, necessitating further confirmation using ancillary techniques such as fluorescence in situ hybridization, chromosomal microarrays, or multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification...

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of therapy-related hematological neoplasms patients secondary to malignant solid tumors. METHODS: The clinical features, treatment and prognosis of 36 hematological neoplasms patients secondary to malignant solid tumors with radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: The 36 patients with therapy-related hematological neoplasms had a median age of 60 (47-81) years, 14 were male and 22 were female...

Studies of survival in hematological malignancies (HMs) have generally shown an improvement over time, although most of these studies are limited by a short follow-up period. Using the NORDCAN database with data from Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden, we follow periodic increases in relative survival in seven HMs through half a century up to 2015-2019. Five-year survival improved in all seven HMs, reaching 90% for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), myeloproliferative neoplasias and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), 60% for multiple myeloma (MM) and chronic myeloid leukemias (CMLs), 50% for the myelodysplastic syndromes and 30% for acute myeloid leukemia (AML)...

Secondary malignancies including leukemia are an increasing concern in patients with prior primary malignancies treated with alkylating agents or topoisomerase II inhibitors. These can also be referred to as therapy-related leukemia. Therapy-related leukemia most commonly results in myelodysplastic syndrome or acute myeloid leukemia. The alkylating agent can cause chromosomal aberrations typically manifest as deletions in chromosome 11 or loss of part of complete loss of chromosomes 5 and 7. Conversely, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has been described following maintenance therapy with immunomodulatory (IMiD) drugs pomalidomide, thalidomide, and lenalidomide...

BACKGROUND: Rates of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and non-relapse mortality (NRM) following myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (MA-alloHSCT) remain unacceptably high. Orca-T is a high-precision, allogeneic investigational cell therapy product comprised of stem and immune cells that leverages highly purified, polyclonal donor regulatory T cells to control alloreactive immune responses, reducing the need for pharmacologic GVHD prophylaxis. Orca-T is produced in a central GMP facility and has been successfully scaled to clinical centers throughout the U...

CONTEXT: Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) remains the only curable treatment option for malignant hematological disorders. Conditioning regimen and GVL are both important in preventing graft rejection, relapses and GVHD. Choice of regimen depends on the diagnosis, patient characteristic, donor type, disease status and graft source. We present the outcome of patients undergoing FTBI/Fludarabine myeloablative conditioning for mismatched (related or unrelated) donor HCT and PTCy as GVHD prophylaxis...

CONTEXT: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT) with umbilical cord blood (UCB) is limited by the low number of hematopoietic stem cells. Omidubicel is an ex-vivo expanded stem cell product derived from UCB. Prospective clinical trials have demonstrated faster engraftment and fewer infections with omidubicel compared to UCB, but long-term outcomes are unknown. OBJECTIVE: This is a pre-specified pooled secondary analysis of long-term outcomes with allo-HCT using omidubicel from 5 multicenter prospective trials...

INTRODUCTION: Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) serves as a second-line treatment for patients with acute or chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD) and demonstrates efficacy in ameliorating GVHD in this setting. The mechanism by which ECP acts against GVHD is not fully understood. We aimed to assess the influence of ECP on the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) among patients with GVHD. METHODS: We assessed several patients with GVHD who were treated with ECP at Rabin Medical Center...

INTRODUCTION: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-haploidentical family members (Haplo-HSCT) offers a potential cure for patients with hematological malignancies who lack an HLA-matched donor. Haplo-HSCT with post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCY) is associated with induced immune tolerance, rapid hematopoietic recovery, lower graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and lower non-relapse mortality (NRM). We noticed a high incidence of high-grade GVHD, so we added antithymocyte globulin (ATG) to the Haplo-HSCT transplant platform...

The outcome of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCST) relies on both disease-related factors and transplant-related factors including the conditioning regimen and immunotherapy exploiting the graft-versus-tumor (GVT) effect. CD3+ T cells are the main player in the GVT process, but an increased dose of these cells results in an increased risk of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). We aimed to study whether the T-cell dose of allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) products influences transplantation outcomes in our patient population...

CONTEXT: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is associated with significant sequalae that affect patients' overall quality of life (QoL). Although studies have shown improvement in patient QoL with the involvement of palliative care in the allo-HSCT process, perceptions regarding palliative care often impact referrals to palliative care. We conducted a study to examine patient perceptions of palliative care during evaluation for allo-HSCT. OBJECTIVE: Primary endpoint was to assess the change in patient pre-and post-questionnaire responses...

CONTEXT: The high prices of cancer drugs affect the care of cancer patients and our health care system. OBJECTIVE: Many Food and Drug Administration (FDA) drugs (FDADs) are available now for patients with malignant hematology (MH). DESIGN: We reviewed one monthly supply price (OMSP) for FDADs for MH approved between 2011 and 2021. SETTING: We performed a retrospective review of randomized clinical trials that led to FDAs approval for MH...

CONTEXT: Over the past decade NGS has expanded our understanding of the genomic landscape of hematological malignancies. New biomarkers discovered during NGS are now widely used in clinical practice to improve diagnosis, stratify patients into prognostic groups, and select targeted therapy for Ph-MPN patients. OBJECTIVE: To assess possibilities of NGS in diagnosis and determination of prognostic features of disease course in Ph-MPN patients. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: The study included 36 patients from clinics in Moscow and St...

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) consists of a heterogeneous group of clonal myeloid neoplasms with poor long-term outcomes compared to other cancers. Racial/ethnic disparities in cancer incidence and survival have been reported in many cancers and constitute major health policy and societal issues. Data from US cancer registries indicate that Black patients have the highest mortality rate of any racial and ethnic group for all cancers combined, and for several cancers individually. However, disparities in MDS have been poorly studied...

CONTEXT: Therapy-related CH and the effect of concomitant malignancies hasn't been fully characterized. DESIGN: We conducted a retrospective review of 78 CH patients from a single tertiary cancer center (2015-2021). Patients were categorized into 4 groups: CH of indeterminate potential (CHIP) on active primary cancer treatment (CHIP/T, n=6), other CHIP (CHIP/N, n=26), clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance (CCUS) on concurrent primary cancer therapy or with active malignancies (CCUS/T, n=13), and other CCUS (CCUS/N, n=26)...

CONTEXT: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are heterogenous spectrum of myeloid neoplasms. A subset of patients with MDS have hypoplastic marrow (h-MDS) and is being recognized more as a separate entity in the upcoming 2022 WHO classification. OBJECTIVE: We aim to study characteristics and the molecular profiling of hypoplastic (h-MDS) in comparison with normo-/hypercellular MDS (n-MDS). METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of all patients diagnosed with MDS from Moffitt Cancer Center MDS database...

INTRODUCTION: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a diverse group of clonal hematopoietic malignancies, characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, progressive bone marrow failure, cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities, and variable risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Clinically, MDS patients often present with symptoms related to peripheral cytopenia (tiredness, pallor, infections, bruising, bleeding), although they may also be asymptomatic with abnormal blood counts found on routine evaluation...

INTRODUCTION: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are defined in the World Health Organization classification of tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues as a group of clonal hematopoietic cell diseases characterized by cytopenia, dysplasia in one or more of myeloid cell lines, ineffective hematopoiesis, and an increased risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of MDS in the pediatric hematology and oncology department of hospital 20 August 1953...

CONTEXT: Hypocellular myelodysplastic syndrome (hMDS) is a subset of MDS that has not been fully characterized. This study aimed to better identify the clinical characteristics and molecular profile of hMDS and study the prognostic impact of mutations in hMDS. DESIGN: We conducted a retrospective review of patients with newly diagnosed MDS in a single tertiary cancer center registry from 2010 to 2021. RESULTS: Of 1,899 patients with MDS, 176 (10%) patients had hMDS...