keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522579/cystatin-c-outperforms-creatinine-in-predicting-cefepime-clearance-in-pediatric-stem-cell-transplant-recipients
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
H Rhodes Hambrick, Lin Fei, Kathryn Pavia, Jennifer Kaplan, Tomoyuki Mizuno, Peter Tang, Erin Schuler, Stefanie Benoit, Sonya Tang Girdwood
BACKGROUND: Pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) patients are at risk of developing both sepsis and altered kidney function. Cefepime is used for empiric coverage post-HSCT and requires dose adjustment based on kidney function. Since cefepime's anti-microbial efficacy is determined by the time free concentrations exceed bacterial minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), it is important to assess kidney function accurately to ensure adequate concentrations. Serum creatinine (SCr) is routinely used to estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) but varies with muscle mass, which can be significantly lower in HSCT patients, making SCr an inaccurate kidney function biomarker...
March 22, 2024: Transplantation and cellular therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38329916/comparison-of-vancomycin-area-under-the-curve-calculated-based-on-bayesian-approach-versus-equation-based-approach
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eojin Lee, Uijeong Yu, Ji In Park, Sang-In Park
OBJECTIVE: Area under the curve (AUC)-based vancomycin dose adjustment is recommended to treat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. AUC estimation methods include Bayesian software programs and simple analytical equations. This study compared the AUC obtained using the Bayesian approach with that obtained using an equation-based approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients receiving intravenous vancomycin for MRSA infection were included. Peak and trough levels were measured for each patient on days 3, 7, and 10 post vancomycin dosing (day 1)...
February 8, 2024: International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38018175/rationale-development-and-validation-of-hdxsim-a-clinical-decision-support-tool-for-model-informed-precision-dosing-mipd-of-hydroxyurea-for-children-with-sickle-cell-anemia
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexandra Power-Hays, Min Dong, Nieko Punt, Tomoyuki Mizuno, Luke R Smart, Alexander A Vinks, Russell E Ware
Hydroxyurea treatment for children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) is effective and life-saving. Stepwise escalation to maximum tolerated dose (MTD) provides optimal benefits, but is logistically challenging and time-consuming, especially in low-income countries where most people with SCA live. Model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) of hydroxyurea expedites MTD determination and improves outcomes compared with trial-and-error dose adjustments. HdxSim, a user-friendly, online, clinical decision support tool was developed to facilitate hydroxyurea MIPD and evaluated using real-world pharmacokinetic (PK) data...
November 28, 2023: Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37981075/implementation-and-validation-of-a-bayesian-method-for-accurately-forecasting-duration-of-optimal-pharmacodynamic-target-attainment-with-dalbavancin-during-long-term-use-for-treating-subacute-and-or-chronic-staphylococcal-infections
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pier Giorgio Cojutti, Milo Gatti, Nieko Punt, Jiři Douša, Eleonora Zamparini, Sara Tedeschi, Pierluigi Viale, Federico Pea
Dalbavancin is being increasingly used for long-term treatment of subacute and/or chronic staphylococcal infections. Here we implemented and validated a new Bayesian model by means of the MwPharm software for accurately forecasting duration of pharmacodynamic target attainment above the efficacy thresholds of 4.02 or 8.04 mg/L against staphylococci. Forecasting accuracy improved substantially with the a posteriori approach compared to the a priori approach, especially when two measured concentrations were used...
November 17, 2023: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37771190/tutorial-on-model-selection-and-validation-of-model-input-into-precision-dosing-software-for-model-informed-precision-dosing
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zachary L Taylor, Ethan A Poweleit, Kelli Paice, Katherine M Somers, Kathryn Pavia, Alexander A Vinks, Nieko Punt, Tomoyuki Mizuno, Sonya Tang Girdwood
There has been rising interest in using model-informed precision dosing to provide personalized medicine to patients at the bedside. This methodology utilizes population pharmacokinetic models, measured drug concentrations from individual patients, pharmacodynamic biomarkers, and Bayesian estimation to estimate pharmacokinetic parameters and predict concentration-time profiles in individual patients. Using these individualized parameter estimates and simulated drug exposure, dosing recommendations can be generated to maximize target attainment to improve beneficial effect and minimize toxicity...
September 28, 2023: CPT: Pharmacometrics & Systems Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37755681/escitalopram-and-sertraline-population-pharmacokinetic-analysis-in-pediatric-patients
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ethan A Poweleit, Zachary L Taylor, Tomoyuki Mizuno, Samuel E Vaughn, Zeruesenay Desta, Jeffrey R Strawn, Laura B Ramsey
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Escitalopram and sertraline are commonly prescribed for anxiety and depressive disorders in children and adolescents. The pharmacokinetics (PK) of these medications have been evaluated in adults and demonstrate extensive variability, but studies in pediatric patients are limited. Therefore, we performed a population PK analysis for escitalopram and sertraline in children and adolescents to characterize the effects of demographic, clinical, and pharmacogenetic factors on drug exposure...
November 2023: Clinical Pharmacokinetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37466170/cefepime-pharmacokinetics-in-critically-ill-children-and-young-adults-undergoing-continuous-kidney-replacement-therapy
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kathryn Pavia, H Rhodes Hambrick, Kelli Paice, Peter Tang, Nieko Punt, Jennifer Kaplan, Stuart L Goldstein, Alexander A Vinks, Tomoyuki Mizuno, Sonya Tang Girdwood
OBJECTIVES: Cefepime is an antibiotic commonly used to treat sepsis and is cleared by renal excretion. Cefepime dosing requires adjustment in patients with decreased kidney function and in those receiving continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT). We aimed to characterize cefepime PK in a diverse cohort of critically ill paediatric patients on CKRT. METHODS: Patients were identified from an ongoing pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) study of beta-lactam antibiotics, and were included if they had received at least two cefepime doses in the ICU and were on CKRT for at least 24 h...
July 19, 2023: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37387488/evaluation-of-vancomycin-area-under-the-concentration-time-curve-predictive-performance-using-bayesian-modeling-software-with-and-without-peak-concentration-an-academic-hospital-experience-for-adult-patients-without-renal-impairment
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hyun-Ki Kim, Tae-Dong Jeong
BACKGROUND: The revised U.S. consensus guidelines on vancomycin therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) recommend obtaining trough and peak samples to estimate the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) using the Bayesian approach; however, the benefit of such two-point measurements has not been demonstrated in a clinical setting. We evaluated Bayesian predictive performance with and without peak concentration data using clinical TDM data. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 54 adult patients without renal impairment who had two serial peak and trough concentration measurements in a ≤1-week interval...
November 1, 2023: Annals of Laboratory Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36398492/bayesian-method-application-integrating-mathematical-modeling-into-clinical-pharmacy-through-vancomycin-therapeutic-monitoring
#9
REVIEW
Ashley Chen, Anjum Gupta, Dylan Huy Do, Lama H Nazer
The most recent consensus guidelines for dosing and monitoring vancomycin recommended the use of area-under-the-curve with Bayesian estimation for therapeutic monitoring. As this is a modern concept in the practice of clinical pharmacy, the main objective of this review is to introduce the fundamentals of Bayesian estimation and its mathematical application as it relates to vancomycin therapeutic drug monitoring. In addition, we aim to identify pharmacokinetic (PK) software programs that incorporate Bayesian estimation for vancomycin dosing and to describe the PK models utilized in those software programs for the adult population...
December 2022: Pharmacology Research & Perspectives
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36126967/a-comparison-of-pharmacokinetics-software-for-therapeutic-drug-monitoring-of-piperacillin-in-patients-with-severe-infections
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ana Socorro Rodríguez-Báez, María Jiménez-Meseguer, Rosa Del Carmen Milán-Segovia, Silvia Romano-Moreno, Emilia Barcia, Arturo Ortiz-Álvarez, Benito García-Díaz, Susanna Edith Medellín-Garibay
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the predictive performance of population pharmacokinetic models for piperacillin (PIP) available in the software MwPharm, TDMx and ID-ODs for initial dosing selection and therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) purposes. METHODS: This is a prospective observational study in adult patients with severe infections receiving PIP treatment. Plasma concentrations were quantified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry...
September 19, 2022: European Journal of Hospital Pharmacy. Science and Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35536101/comparison-of-mw-pharm-3-30-and-mw-pharm-a-windows-version-of-pharmacokinetic-software-for-pk-pd-monitoring-of-vancomycin-a-priori-modeling
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Blanka Koristkova, Eliška Vavreckova, Kristyna Schön, Ivana Kacirova, Hana Brozmanova, Milan Grundmann
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the possibility of population-based dose optimization with the aid of MwPharm modeling and to find the best model in the Windows version (WIN). MATERIALS: 25 patients repeatedly examined for vancomycin (mean age 63 ± 14 years, body weight 88 ± 21 kg, median dose 1 g/12 h). METHODS: Trough concentrations predicted by WIN models " vancomycin_adult_k_C2" , " #vancomycin_adult_C2" , " vancomycin_adult_C2" , and " vancomycin adult" DOS model (DOS) were compared with the measured value...
May 10, 2022: International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35518123/population-pharmacokinetic-model-and-limited-sampling-strategy-for-clozapine-using-plasma-and-dried-blood-spot-samples
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lisanne M Geers, Dan Cohen, Laura M Wehkamp, Hans J van Wattum, Jos G W Kosterink, Anton J M Loonen, Daan J Touw
Background: To improve efficacy, therapeutic drug monitoring is often used in clozapine therapy. Trough level monitoring is regular, but trough levels provide limited information about the pharmacokinetics of clozapine and exposure in time. The area under the concentration time curve (AUC) is generally valued as better marker of drug exposure in time but calculating AUC needs multiple sampling. An alternative approach is a limited sampling scheme in combination with a population pharmacokinetic model meant for Bayesian forecasting...
2022: Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34885072/carboplatin-dosing-in-children-using-estimated-glomerular-filtration-rate-equation-matters
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mirjam E van de Velde, Emil den Bakker, Hester N Blufpand, Gertjan L Kaspers, Floor C H Abbink, Arjenne W A Kors, Abraham J Wilhelm, Richard J Honeywell, Godefridus J Peters, Birgit Stoffel-Wagner, Laurien M Buffart, Arend Bökenkamp
Renal function-based carboplatin dosing using measured glomerular filtration rate (GFR) results in more consistent drug exposure than anthropometric dosing. We aimed to validate the Newell dosing equation using estimated GFR (eGFR) and study which equation most accurately predicts carboplatin clearance in children with retinoblastoma. In 13 children with retinoblastoma 38 carboplatin clearance values were obtained from individual fits using MWPharm++. Carboplatin exposure (AUC) was calculated from administered dose and observed carboplatin clearance and compared to predicted AUC calculated with a carboplatin dosing equation (Newell) using different GFR estimates...
November 26, 2021: Cancers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34145165/implementation-of-vancomycin-therapeutic-monitoring-guidelines-focus-on-bayesian-estimation-tools-in-neonatal-and-pediatric-patients
#14
REVIEW
Jihye Han, Jason Sauberan, Martin Tuan Tran, Felice C Adler-Shohet, David E Michalik, Tran Hoang Tien, Lan Tran, Dylan Huy, John S Bradley, Jennifer Le
BACKGROUND: The 2020 consensus guidelines for vancomycin therapeutic monitoring recommend using Bayesian estimation targeting the ratio of the area under the curve over 24 hours to minimum inhibitory concentration as an optimal approach to individualize therapy in pediatric patients. To support institutional guideline implementation in children, the objective of this study was to comprehensively assess and compare published population-based pharmacokinetic (PK) vancomycin models and available Bayesian estimation tools, specific to neonatal and pediatric patients...
April 1, 2022: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33969093/vancomycin-related-convulsion-in-a-pediatric-patient-with-neuroblastoma-a-case-report-and-review-of-the-literature
#15
Qiao-Feng Ye, Guang-Fei Wang, Yi-Xue Wang, Guo-Ping Lu, Zhi-Ping Li
BACKGROUND: Vancomycin is often used as an anti-infective drug in patients receiving anti-tumor chemotherapy. There are concerns about its adverse drug reactions during treatment, such as nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, hypersensitivity reactions, etc. However, potential convulsion related to high plasma concentrations of vancomycin in children receiving chemotherapy has not been reported. CASE SUMMARY: A 3.9-year-old pediatric patient with neuroblastoma receiving vancomycin to treat post-chemotherapy infection developed an unexpected convulsion...
May 6, 2021: World Journal of Clinical Cases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33674941/population-pharmacokinetics-and-bayesian-dose-adjustment-to-advance-tdm-of-anti-tb-drugs
#16
REVIEW
Marieke G G Sturkenboom, Anne-Grete Märtson, Elin M Svensson, Derek J Sloan, Kelly E Dooley, Simone H J van den Elsen, Paolo Denti, Charles A Peloquin, Rob E Aarnoutse, Jan-Willem C Alffenaar
Tuberculosis (TB) is still the number one cause of death due to an infectious disease. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of anti-TB drugs are key in the optimization of TB treatment and help to prevent slow response to treatment, acquired drug resistance, and adverse drug effects. The aim of this review was to provide an update on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of anti-TB drugs and to show how population pharmacokinetics and Bayesian dose adjustment can be used to optimize treatment. We cover aspects on preclinical, clinical, and population pharmacokinetics of different drugs used for drug-susceptible TB and multidrug-resistant TB...
March 6, 2021: Clinical Pharmacokinetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32457619/software-tools-for-model-informed-precision-dosing-how-well-do-they-satisfy-the-needs
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wannee Kantasiripitak, Ruth Van Daele, Matthias Gijsen, Marc Ferrante, Isabel Spriet, Erwin Dreesen
Model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) software tools are used to optimize dosage regimens in individual patients, aiming to achieve drug exposure targets associated with desirable clinical outcomes. Over the last few decades, numerous MIPD software tools have been developed. However, they have still not been widely integrated into clinical practice. This study focuses on identifying the requirements for and evaluating the performance of the currently available MIPD software tools. First, a total of 22 experts in the field of precision dosing completed a web survey to assess the importance (from 0; do not agree at all, to 10; completely agree) of 103 pre-established software tool criteria organized in eight categories: user-friendliness and utilization, user support, computational aspects, population models, quality and validation, output generation, privacy and data security, and cost...
2020: Frontiers in Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30489547/darunavir-population-pharmacokinetic-model-based-on-hiv-outpatient-data
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alper Daskapan, Quynh T D Tran, Dario Cattaneo, Cristina Gervasoni, Chiara Resnati, Ymkje Stienstra, Wouter F W Bierman, Jos G W Kosterink, Tjip S van der Werf, Johannes H Proost, Jan-Willem C Alffenaar, Daniel J Touw
INTRODUCTION: Darunavir is a second-generation protease inhibitor and is registered for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) -1 infection. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a darunavir population pharmacokinetic model based on data from daily practice. METHODS: Datasets were obtained from two hospitals: ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco University Hospital, Italy (hospital A) and University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands (hospital B)...
November 22, 2018: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25407260/pharmacokinetics-of-nifedipine-slow-release-during-sustained-tocolysis
#19
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Maureen A ter Laak, Carolien Roos, Daan J Touw, Paul R M van Hattum, Anneke Kwee, Frederik K Lotgering, Ben Willem J Mol, Mariëlle G van Pampus, Martina M Porath, Marc E A Spaanderman, Joris A M van der Post, Dimitri N M Papatsonis, Nils E van 't Veer
OBJECTIVE: The pharmacokinetics of nifedipine as a tocolytic agent has not been studied in great detail in pregnant women and has instead focused on immediate release tablets and gastrointestinal therapeutic system (GITS) tablets. The aim of this study was to determine nifedipine slow-release half-life and distribution volume in pregnant women and to compare these with pharmacokinetic parameters of nifedipine in non-pregnant subjects described in the literature. MATERIALS: This is a study parallel to a trial studying women with threatened preterm labor between 26 + 0 and 32 + 2 weeks after initial tocolysis and a completed course of corticosteroids, who were randomly allocated to maintenance nifedipine (slow-release tablets 20 mg 4 times daily) or placebo...
January 2015: International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24887633/development-of-a-pharmacokinetic-model-of-mitotane-toward-personalized-dosing-in-adrenocortical-carcinoma
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thomas M A Kerkhofs, Luc J J Derijks, Hester Ettaieb, Jan den Hartigh, Kees Neef, Hans Gelderblom, Henk-Jan Guchelaar, Harm R Haak
BACKGROUND: Mitotane is the drug of choice in medical treatment of adrenocortical carcinoma. The antineoplastic effect seems to be correlated with a minimum plasma level of 14 mg/L, but plasma concentration build-up is in general slow due to the long elimination half-life. Consequently, the therapeutic effect sets in after weeks or even months. The objective of this study was to develop a pharmacokinetic model that enables clinicians to adjust dosing based on a target drug exposure, which facilitates personalized therapy...
February 2015: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
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