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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sundararajan Mahalingam, Ramesh Bellamkonda, Kusum K Kharbanda, Madan Kumar Arumugam, Vikas Kumar, Carol A Casey, Lorenzo Leggio, Karuna Rasineni
Fatty liver is the earliest response of the liver to excessive alcohol consumption. Previously we identified that chronic alcohol administration increases levels of stomach-derived hormone, ghrelin, which by reducing circulating insulin levels, ultimately contributes to the development of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). In addition, ghrelin directly promotes fat accumulation in hepatocytes by enhancing de novo lipogenesis. Other than promoting ALD, ghrelin is known to increase alcohol craving and intake...
April 18, 2024: Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fredrik Åberg, Z Gordon Jiang, Helena Cortez-Pinto, Ville Männistö
Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), as highlighted in this narrative review, is a major public health concern, increasingly impacting global disease burden and premature mortality. In 2019, ALD accounted for the loss of 11 million life-years worldwide. The rising number of deaths and disability-adjusted life years attributed to ALD, particularly pronounced in America, are alarming. Projections suggest that the economic impact of ALD, as seen in the United States, could potentially double by 2040. ALD is increasingly prevalent among younger adults and has become the leading cause for liver transplantation in both America and Europe...
April 19, 2024: Hepatology: Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Julia Sauer, Agnes A Steixner-Kumar, Svenja Gabler, Maciej Motyka, Jörg F Rippmann, Stefan Brosa, Dennis Boettner, Tanja Schönberger, Charlotte Lempp, Vanessa Frodermann, Eric Simon, Oliver Krenkel, Ehsan Bahrami
Chronic liver diseases, such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-induced cirrhosis, are characterized by an increasing accumulation of stressed, damaged, or dying hepatocytes. Hepatocyte damage triggers the activation of resident immune cells, such as Kupffer cells (KC), as well as the recruitment of immune cells from the circulation toward areas of inflammation. After infiltration, monocytes differentiate into monocyte-derived macrophages (MoMF) which are functionally distinct from resident KC. We herein aim to compare the in vitro signatures of polarized macrophages and activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC) with ex vivo -derived disease signatures from human NASH...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
#24
REVIEW
Yifang Li, Meina Zheng, Steven Limbara, Shanshan Zhang, Yutao Yu, Le Yu, Jian Jiao
Hepatic lipid homeostasis is not only essential for maintaining normal cellular and systemic metabolic function but is also closely related to the steatosis of the liver. The controversy over the nomenclature of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the past three years has once again sparked in-depth discussions on the pathogenesis of this disease and its impact on systemic metabolism. Pituitary-targeted gland axes (PTGA), an important hormone-regulating system, are indispensable in lipid homeostasis...
April 28, 2024: Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hua Zhou, Mengxia Yan, Datian Che, Bin Wu
BACKGROUND/AIMS: : This study aimed to analyze the trends in mortality attributed to hepatitis B and C around the Western Pacific region from 1990 to 2019. METHODS: : We used data from the Global Burden of Disease Study for a systematic analysis. The deaths related to hepatitis B and C were analyzed by age, sex, year, risk factors, geographical location, and Socio-demographic Index (SDI). RESULTS: : From 1990 to 2019, the annual total deaths from hepatitis B decreased from 0...
April 19, 2024: Gut and Liver
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hirayuki Enomoto, Norio Akuta, Hayato Hikita, Goki Suda, Jun Inoue, Nobuharu Tamaki, Kiyoaki Ito, Takemi Akahane, Tomokazu Kawaoka, Asahiro Morishita, Eiichi Ogawa, Ryosuke Tateishi, Hitoshi Yoshiji
AIM: A nationwide survey in 2018 showed decreasing involvement of viral hepatitis and increasing involvement of nonviral liver diseases in the etiology of liver cirrhosis (LC) in Japan. An updated nationwide survey was undertaken in 2023. METHODS: Cases of LC diagnosed between 2018 and 2021 were collected from 75 institutions, and the etiologies of LC were investigated. In addition, the data obtained were compared with the results of previous studies. RESULTS: Among the 15 517 cases, alcohol-related liver disease (ALD)-associated LC was the most frequent cause (n = 5,487, 35...
April 18, 2024: Hepatology Research: the Official Journal of the Japan Society of Hepatology
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohammad R Ostovaneh, Timothy M Hughes, Colin O Wu, Robyn L McClelland, Ramon Casanova, David A Bluemke, Russell P Tracy, Steven Shea, Susan R Heckbert, João A C Lima, Bharath Ambale-Venkatesh
BACKGROUND: Our understanding of the specific aspects of vascular contributions to dementia remains unclear. OBJECTIVES: We aim to identify the correlates of incident dementia in a multi-ethnic cardiovascular cohort. METHODS: A total of 6806 participants with follow-up data for incident dementia were included. Probable dementia diagnoses were identified using hospitalization discharge diagnoses according to the International Classification of Diseases Codes (ICD)...
2024: PloS One
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Masahiro Sogabe, Toshiya Okahisa, Miwako Kagawa, Takanori Kashihara, Shota Fujmoto, Tomoyuki Kawaguchi, Reiko Yokoyama, Kaizo Kagemoto, Hironori Tanaka, Yoshifumi Kida, Tetsu Tomonari, Yutaka Kawano, Yasushi Sato, Masahiko Nakasono, Tetsuji Takayama
BACKGROUND: The influence of alcohol intake on metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) development and remission remains unclear; thus, we aimed to investigate their longitudinal associations. METHODS: This observational cohort study included 6349 patients who underwent more than two health check-ups over >2 years between April 2013 and March 2021. Generalized estimation equations were used to analyse the longitudinal associations between changes in alcohol intake and MAFLD according to repeated measures at baseline and the most recent stage...
April 18, 2024: European Journal of Clinical Investigation
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jonas Ghouse, Gardar Sveinbjörnsson, Marijana Vujkovic, Anne-Sofie Seidelin, Helene Gellert-Kristensen, Gustav Ahlberg, Vinicius Tragante, Søren A Rand, Joseph Brancale, Silvia Vilarinho, Pia Rengtved Lundegaard, Erik Sørensen, Christian Erikstrup, Mie Topholm Bruun, Bitten Aagaard Jensen, Søren Brunak, Karina Banasik, Henrik Ullum, Niek Verweij, Luca Lotta, Aris Baras, Tooraj Mirshahi, David J Carey, David E Kaplan, Julie Lynch, Timothy Morgan, Tae-Hwi Schwantes-An, Daniel R Dochtermann, Saiju Pyarajan, Philip S Tsao, Triin Laisk, Reedik Mägi, Julia Kozlitina, Anne Tybjærg-Hansen, David Jones, Kirk U Knowlton, Lincoln Nadauld, Egil Ferkingstad, Einar S Björnsson, Magnus O Ulfarsson, Árni Sturluson, Patrick Sulem, Ole B Pedersen, Sisse R Ostrowski, Daniel F Gudbjartsson, Kari Stefansson, Morten Salling Olesen, Kyong-Mi Chang, Hilma Holm, Henning Bundgaard, Stefan Stender
We report a multi-ancestry genome-wide association study on liver cirrhosis and its associated endophenotypes, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and γ-glutamyl transferase. Using data from 12 cohorts, including 18,265 cases with cirrhosis, 1,782,047 controls, up to 1 million individuals with liver function tests and a validation cohort of 21,689 cases and 617,729 controls, we identify and validate 14 risk associations for cirrhosis. Many variants are located near genes involved in hepatic lipid metabolism...
April 17, 2024: Nature Genetics
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emanuel Shapera, Sharona Ross, Tara Pattilachan, Maria Christodoulou, Iswanto Sucandy
BACKGROUND: Hepatic artery infusion pump (HAIP) with floxuridine/dexamethasone and systemic chemotherapy is an established treatment regimen, which had been reported about converting 47% of patients with stage 4 colorectal liver metastasis from unresectable to resectable.1,2 To this effect, HAIP chemotherapy contributes to prolonged survival of many patients, which otherwise may not have other treatment options. Biliary sclerosis, however, is a known complication of the HAIP treatment, which occurs in approximately 5...
April 17, 2024: Annals of Surgical Oncology
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yanxue Wang, Liang Li, Lingling Chen, Jinlei Xia, Tongli Wang, Lei Han, Liang Cao, Zhenzhong Wang, Wei Xiao, Shan Jiang
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a subtype of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) characterized by hepatic steatosis and evidence of hepatocyte injury (ballooning) and inflammation, with or without liver fibrosis. In this study, after 12 weeks of induction, the mice were treated with emodin succinyl ethyl ester (ESEE) for four weeks at doses of 10/30/90 mg/kg/day. The blood analysis of experimental endpoints showed that ESEE exhibited significant therapeutic effects on the progression of disorders of glycolipid metabolism and the induced liver injury in the model animals...
April 18, 2024: Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Valentin Pretet, Anne Laure Giraudet, Laure Vergnaud, Emilie Paquet, David Kryza
A 69-year-old man diagnosed with progressive bone metastatic castration-resistant prostate adenocarcinoma and concurrent alcoholic cirrhosis with multiple hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) nodules was referred to our nuclear medicine service for 177Lu-PSMA-617 therapy. The patient's pretreatment screening using 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT revealed high prostate-specific membrane antigen expression in both prostatic and HCC lesions. The patient underwent 2 doses of 177Lu-PSMA-617. Subsequent imaging assessments with 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT and hepatic MRI indicated progressive HCC nodules, while showing a partial response in prostatic bone metastases...
April 17, 2024: Clinical Nuclear Medicine
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abdullah Farooq, Heather Valerio, Alice Wheeler, Marianne Martinello, Charles Henderson, David Silk, Louisa Degenhardt, Phillip Read, Gregory J Dore, Jason Grebely, Evan B Cunningham
INTRODUCTION: Understanding needle/syringe sharing is crucial for reducing hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and reinfection. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with needle/syringe sharing among people who inject drugs in Australia, including those previously receiving HCV treatment. METHODS: The ETHOS Engage study was an observational cohort study which collected self-reported survey data on demographic and drug use information from people who inject drugs attending drug treatment clinics and needle and syringe programs over two waves between May 2018 and June 2021...
April 17, 2024: Drug and Alcohol Review
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kwazi Gabuza, Thendo I Mabuda, Oelfah Patel, Noxolo Khuboni, Ruzayda van Aarde, Sylvia Riedel, Nonhlakanipho F Sangweni, Shantal Windvogel, Rabia Johnson, Christo J F Muller
BACKGROUND: Currently, it is acknowledged that vitamin E, insulin sensitizers and anti-diabetic drugs are used to manage non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), however, these therapeutic interventions harbour adverse side effects. Pioglitazone, an anti-diabetic drug, is currently the most effective therapy to manage NAFLD. The use of natural medicines is widely embraced due to the lack of evidence of their negative side effects. Rooibos has been previously shown to decrease inflammation and oxidative stress in experimental models of diabetes, however, this is yet to be explored in a setting of NAFLD...
2024: PloS One
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ayanaw Dinku Abebe, Muluneh Assefa, Debaka Belete, Getachew Ferede
BACKGROUND: Globally, viral hepatitis is a leading cause of death and is highly prevalent in Ethiopia. Military personnel are more vulnerable to hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections, and there are no data on such populations in the study area. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of HBV and HCV infections and their associated factors among military personnel in military camps in Central Gondar, Ethiopia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 277 military personnel from April to August 2022 at military camps in Central Gondar, Ethiopia...
2024: Infection and Drug Resistance
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bradly Brown, Peter E Frasco, Alexander D Stoker
BACKGROUND A paradoxical air embolism (PAE) occurs when air entering the central venous circulation reaches the systemic circulation, occurring through an intracardiac shunt or intrapulmonary shunting. Patients presenting for liver transplantation often have intrapulmonary shunting due to pulmonary arterial vasodilation, even in the absence of hepatopulmonary syndrome. Here, we present a case of hemodynamic collapse believed to be caused by a PAE, which was diagnosed intraoperatively with transesophageal echocardiography (TEE)...
April 17, 2024: American Journal of Case Reports
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takanobu Iwadare, Takefumi Kimura, Taiki Okumura, Shun-Ichi Wakabayashi, Taro Nakajima, Shohei Kondo, Hiroyuki Kobayashi, Yuki Yamashita, Ayumi Sugiura, Naoyuki Fujimori, Tomoo Yamazaki, Hideo Kunimoto, Satoshi Shimamoto, Koji Igarashi, Satoru Joshita, Naoki Tanaka, Takeji Umemura
BACKGROUND: Circulating autotaxin (ATX) levels have been reported to correlate with liver inflammation activity and liver fibrosis severity in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The objective of this study is to investigate whether serum ATX could predict liver-related events (LRE) in NAFLD patients. METHODS: This retrospective investigation includes 309 biopsy-proven NAFLD patients registered at Shinshu University Hospital. All patients are followed for at least 1 year, during which time the prevalence of LRE, including newly developing hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatic encephalopathy, ascites, and esophagogastric varices, is investigated in relation to ATX levels at the time of liver biopsy...
April 16, 2024: Commun Med (Lond)
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mingkang Zhang, Jinru Yang, Yufan Yuan, Yan Zhou, Yazhi Wang, Ruirui Cui, Yimai Maliu, Fen Xu, Xin'an Wu
Liver diseases caused by viral infections, alcoholism, drugs, or chemical poisons are a significant health problem: Liver diseases are a leading contributor to mortality, with approximately 2 million deaths per year worldwide. Liver fibrosis, as a common liver disease characterized by excessive collagen deposition, is associated with high morbidity and mortality, and there is no effective treatment. Numerous studies have shown that the accumulation of mast cells (MCs) in the liver is closely associated with liver injury caused by a variety of factors...
April 15, 2024: Molecular Immunology
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marc Gurun, Paul Brennan, Sava Handjiev, Aseil Khatib, Damien Leith, John F Dillon, Christopher J Byrne
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) increases the risk of incident chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the relative risk of CKD associated with increasing hepatic fibrosis, and consequent mortality risk, remains underexplored in real-world cohorts. In this study, we sought to establish whether hepatic fibrosis is associated with increased CKD risk and explore differences in mortality risk in a cohort of people living with MASLD, contingent on liver fibrosis and CKD status...
2024: PloS One
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haruki Uojima, Kazumi Yamasaki, Masaya Sugiyama, Masayoshi Kage, Norihiro Ishii, Ken Shirabe, Hisashi Hidaka, Chika Kusano, Miyako Murakawa, Yasuhiro Asahina, Takashi Nishimura, Hiroko Iijima, Kazumasa Sakamoto, Kiyoaki Ito, Keisuke Amano, Takumi Kawaguchi, Nobuharu Tamaki, Masayuki Kurosaki, Takanori Suzuki, Kentaro Matsuura, Akinobu Taketomi, Satoru Joshita, Takeji Umemura, Sohji Nishina, Keisuke Hino, Hidenori Toyoda, Hiroshi Yatsuhashi, Masashi Mizokami
BACKGROUND: The relationship between liver fibrosis and inflammation and Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) other than hepatitis C remains uncertain, owing to the limitations of qualitative methods. Here, we evaluated the influence of liver fibrosis and inflammation on quantitative M2BPGi (M2BPGi-Qt) in CLD, considering each etiology. METHODS: We recruited 1373 patients with CLD. To evaluate the influence of liver fibrosis and inflammation on M2BPGi-Qt levels, we assessed M2BPGi-Qt levels at each fibrosis and activity stage within different etiologies of CLD based on pathological findings...
April 16, 2024: Journal of Gastroenterology
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