Late Puberty

INTRODUCTION: Tracking insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) level alongside the middle phalanx of the third finger (MP3) staging modification could provide valuable insights into the relationship between hormonal factors and skeletal maturation during different stages of growth. Longitudinal studies indeed play a crucial role in understanding these complex relationships over time, allowing for a more comprehensive assessment of how IGF-1 might serve as a marker for pubertal growth stages...

Limited analyses based on national samples have assessed whether early attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms predict later internalizing and externalizing symptoms in youth and the influence of sex and pubertal timing on subsequent psychiatric symptoms. This study analyzed data ( n = 2818) from the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes Program national cohort. Analyses used data from early childhood (mean age = 5.3 years) utilizing parent-reported ADHD symptoms to predict rates of internalizing and externalizing symptoms from late childhood/adolescence (mean age = 11...

OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that reticence to address a groin mass may result in late presentation of testicular/paratesticular malignancy in early puberty through adolescence. METHODS: Malignant testicular and paratesticular tumors (malignant germ cell tumors and rhabdomyosarcomas) diagnosed at our institution from 1994-2023 for patients aged 11-20 were included. Clinicopathologic features were recorded, and statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Eighty-five cases were identified...

BACKGROUND: Optic pathway gliomas (OPG) represent 5% of childhood brain tumors. Successive relapses lead to multiple treatments exposing to late complications. METHODS: We included patients treated at Gustave Roussy (GR) between 01.1980 and 12.2015 for OPG, before 18 years-old and alive at 5 years from diagnosis. Mortality and physical health conditions data were extracted from medical data files and updated thanks to the GR long-term follow-up program and French national mortality registry for patients included in the French Childhood Cancer Survivor Study...

PURPOSE: Bone growth with exercise is best assessed by tennis-induced inter-arm asymmetries. Yet, the effects of training and maturation across puberty were unclear. This study explored arm bone growth across 9 months of training in 46 tennis players 7-14 years (25 boys, 21 girls). METHODS: Bone mineral content (BMC) and bone area (BA) were measured from DXA scans. Pubertal status was assessed by Tanner stage (TS) and somatic growth by maturity offset (MO)...

The present study strived to gain a more profound understanding of the distinctions in development between swimmers who are considered to be on track to the elite level at late junior age (males aged 16; females aged 15) compared to those who are not. In this effort, swimmers were followed during their pubertal years (males aged 13-15; females aged 12-14), which marks a period when performance development aligns with maturation. Longitudinal data of 90 talented sprint and middle-distance swimmers on season best times (SBT) and underlying performance characteristics (anthropometrics, maximal swimming velocity, stroke index [SI] and countermovement jump [CMJ]) were collected over three swimming seasons...

Childhood cancer survivors are at risk of various endocrine late effects affecting their quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and predictors of endocrine and reproductive outcomes in young adult survivors. A secondary aim was to assess possible associations between testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) and other endocrine, cardiovascular and psychosocial late effects. This nationwide study comprised 1212 male childhood cancer survivors aged 19-40 years, identified through the National Quality Registry for Childhood Cancer in Sweden...

OBJECTIVES: To explore delayed puberty in cerebral palsy (CP) and to test the acceptability of an interventional puberty induction algorithm. METHODS: A two phase cohort study in children and adolescents diagnosed with CP who have delayed puberty. Phase 1: Retrospective review of clinical records and interviews with patients who have been treated with sex-steroids and Phase 2: Prospective interventional trial of pubertal induction with a proposed algorithm of transdermal testosterone (males) or oestrogen (females)...

There is considerable evidence of reorganization in the prefrontal cortex during adolescence in humans, as well as in rodents, where the cellular basis can be explored. Studies from my laboratory in the rat medial prefrontal cortex are reviewed here. In general, growth predominates before puberty. Pruning mainly occurs at puberty and after with decreases in the number of synapses, dendrites, and neurons. Perineuronal nets, extracellular structures that control plasticity, are pruned peripubertally only in female rats, which may further open the adolescent prefrontal cortex to environmental influences...

Preadolescence is a critical period for the onset of puberty and eating-related psychopathology. More advanced pubertal status is associated with elevated eating pathology. However, it was unclear whether this association was moderated by self-referential processing, an important, modifiable cognitive risk for various forms of psychopathology, including eating problems. Further, no study has examined the neural correlates of self-referential processing in relation to eating pathology. To address these gaps, we examined how the association between pubertal status and disordered eating was moderated by self-referential processing in a community sample of 115 nine-to-12-year-old preadolescents (66 girls; mean age/SD = 10...

Androgenic actions of gonadal testosterone are thought to be a major mechanism promoting sex differences in body composition across the lifespan. However, this inference is based on studies of androgen receptor (AR) function in late adolescent or emerging adult rodents. Here we assess body composition and AR expression in skeletal muscle of rats at defined ages, comparing wild-type (WT) to transgenic HSAAR rats which overexpress AR in skeletal muscle. Male and female HSAAR and WT Sprague Dawley rats (N = 288) underwent DXA scanning and tissue collection at post-natal day (PND) 1, 10, 21, 42, 70, 183, 243, and 365...

BACKGROUND: The metabolic load-capacity index (LCI), which represents the ratio of adipose to skeletal muscle tissue-containing compartments, is potentially associated with cardiometabolic diseases. OBJECTIVES: To examine the associations between the LCI and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and youth with obesity. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study including 10-18 years-old participants with a BMI of ≥95th ...

Infertility is a frequent late effect of cancer treatment that significantly affects cancer survivors' quality of life. In recent years, with advances in oncofertility, the number of children with cancer receiving fertility preservation therapy has increased. However, specific challenges exist in pediatric cancer patients. First, fertility preservation therapy for children with cancer relies significantly on their age and sex. Ovarian tissue cryopreservation is possible until puberty in females, and after menarche, the ovarian tissues and oocytes can be preserved...

This study examined the validity of two automated methods (BAUSport, BoneXpert software using Fels, Greulich-Pyle, Tanner-Whithouse III protocols) for estimating skeletal age (SA) in young athletes in comparison to a reference standard (Fels). 85 male and female athletes, nine to seventeen years of age, from multiple sports were assessed for SA as part of an annual medical and health screening programme. Intra-class correlations demonstrated high degrees of association between the automatic methods for estimating SA (BAUSport r = ...

BACKGROUND: The sexual maturity of chickens is an important economic trait, and the breeding of precocious and delayed puberty roosters is an important selection strategy for broilers. The comb serves as an important secondary sexual characteristic of roosters and determines their sexual precocity. Moreover, comb development is closely associated with gonad development in roosters. However, the underlying molecular mechanism regulating the sexual maturity of roosters has not yet been fully explored...

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Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) broodstock recruits are normally fed a specialized diet with a higher content of essential nutrients for a limited time period prior to fasting and transfer to freshwater. Typically, this period lasts for about six months, but may vary among producers. Reduced use of marine ingredients in commercial salmon diets during the last decades has affected the content of essential nutrients, such as n-3 long chained polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA), minerals and vitamins. Furthermore, to minimize the risk of losses and implement new breeding achievements faster, breeding companies have shortened the production cycle of broodstock from 4 to 3 years, which may affect the number of fish that are large enough to mature...

Reproductive performance is a key determinant of cow longevity in a pasture-based, seasonal dairy system. Unfortunately, direct fertility phenotypes such as inter-calving interval or pregnancy rate tend to have low heritabilities and occur relatively late in an animal's life. In contrast, age at puberty (AGEP) is a moderately heritable, early-in-life trait, that may be estimated using an animal's age at first measured elevation in blood plasma progesterone (AGEP4) concentrations. Understanding the genetic architecture of AGEP4 in addition to genetic relationships between AGEP4 and fertility traits in lactating cows is important, as is its relationship with body size in the growing animal...

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have drastically improved the outcomes of pCML (paediatric CML) but data on long-term off-target toxicities of TKIs in children are scarce. In this single-centre, retrospective cum prospective study of pCML in chronic phase, we report our experience of treating 173 children with imatinib and following them for long-term toxicities. Mean (SD) time to attain CHR, CCyR and MMR were 3.05 (2.1), 10.6 (8.4) and 43.4 (31.8) months respectively. DMR was not attained in 59 (34%) patients at last follow-up...

BACKGROUND: As radiation therapy (RT) for Wilms tumor (WT) evolves with more conformal techniques, it is necessary to evaluate patterns of failure and toxicity. We sought to determine the rate of local failure (LF) after abdominal RT in WT, specifically focusing on those with contained rupture treated with whole abdominal and pelvic RT (WAPRT) vs flank RT. Secondary objectives were to determine overall survival (OS), distant failure (DF), and late toxicities. METHODS: A single institution retrospective study of 54 pediatric patients with WT treated with abdominal RT between May 2000 and October 2022...