Late Menarche

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): Botryoid RMS is a rare pediatric tumor most commonly arising within the vaginal wall of girls under age three. Most patients are successfully treated with low-risk chemotherapy protocols but local treatment is required to minimize risk of local relapse. Intravaginal brachytherapy is an effective local therapy that can minimize sequelae in these very young patients. MATERIALS/METHODS: We reviewed records of all patients with RMS who received intravaginal high-dose-rate brachytherapy from 2010-2022 at a single institution...

Menopause marks the end of the reproductive phase of life. Based on epidemiological studies, abnormal age at natural menopause (ANM) is thought to contribute to a number of adverse outcomes, such as osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. However, the causality of these associations remains unclear. A powerful epidemiological method known as Mendelian randomization (MR) can be used to clarify the causality between ANM and other diseases or traits. The present review describes MR studies that included ANM as an exposure, outcome and mediator...

AIMS: Girls who experience an earlier onset of menarche than their peers are at increased risk of depressive symptoms in mid-adolescence, but it is unclear if this association persists into adulthood. This study examines whether longitudinal patterns of depressive symptoms from adolescence to adulthood vary according to timing of menarche. METHODS: About 4,864 female participants in the UK Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children provided data on age at onset of menarche (assessed in repeated questionnaires from 8 to 17 years) and depressive symptoms across nine time points (13 to 26 years) using the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire...

BACKGROUND: This work aims to study the spatio-temporal evolution of a woman's age at menarche in the central region of Portugal. One of the concerns of the study is early or late menarches; thus, we consider percentile regression to build the respective curves as opposed to the more traditional mean regression approach. METHODS: We analysed the data from [Formula: see text] women born in the period 1920-1973 who attended a free breast cancer screening program between 1990 and 2019...

PRCIS: There was a significant inverse linear relationship between age at menopause and open-angle glaucoma (OAG). Late menarche (≥13 y) and a history of 5 or more deliveries were significantly associated with increased risk of OAG. PURPOSE: To determine the association between reproductive factors including age at menarche, age at menopause, reproductive period, parity and the risk of open-angle glaucoma (OAG) in women. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched until February 9, 2022...

IMPORTANCE: Despite evidence of an association between reproductive factors and endometrial cancer risk, prospective studies have been conducted mainly in non-Asian countries. OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between reproductive factors, such as number of deliveries, age at menarche, or menopause, and endometrial cancer risk. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study used pooled individual data from 13 prospective cohort studies conducted between 1963 and 2014 in the Asia Cohort Consortium...

OBJECTIVES: Menopause presents various physical and psychological disturbances for women and comes at a high financial cost. Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors influencing menopause symptoms. STUDY DESIGN: Data of Korean perimenopausal women aged 40-60 (n = 1060; mean age, 46.03 ± 4.08) were collected by a research company. Participants were classified into a "functional" group (n = 716) or a "dysfunctional" group (n = 344) according to the severity of their perimenopausal psychosomatic symptoms...

OBJECTIVES: Our study aimed to quantitatively estimate the association of age at menarche with the risk of childhood- and adult-onset asthma separately. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of 24,282 US girls and women aged less than 80 years was conducted using continuous NHANES data from 2001-2018, and Cox proportional hazards regression models with censoring ages of 19 and 79 years were employed to separately estimate hazard ratios of childhood- and adult-onset asthma associated with age at menarche...

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease involving entire gastrointestinal tract, most commonly affecting terminal ileum and colon. It usually presents with gastrointestinal symptoms like bloody diarrhea, fever and loss of weight. The clinical course of CD includes gastrointestinal complications like fistulas, abscesses and perianal disease. Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are usually diagnosed during childhood and adolescence, majority during puberty and pubertal growth spurt. Various extraintestinal manifestations may be a presentation of CD that poses a diagnostic challenge...

BACKGROUND: The incidence of breast cancer among women under 41 years old varies worldwide, with higher rates observed in developing countries. These young women often face later-stage diagnoses. In this study, we examine a cohort of young women who were treated for breast cancer in São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving women under 41 years old. Our objective was to describe patient and treatment characteristics, with the main outcomes being overall and disease-free survival...

BACKGROUND: Earlier age at menarche is associated with behavioral and noncommunicable disease risks. The influence of birth weight (BW) (intrauterine) and postnatal growth on age at menarche is not well studied in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). OBJECTIVE: Therefore, we investigated these associations in 5 LMIC birth cohorts. METHODS: We analyzed data from Brazil, Guatemala, India, the Philippines, and South Africa (n = 3983). We derived stunting (< -2 SD scores) at 24 mo using the WHO child growth standards...

BACKGROUND: A secular trend towards earlier age at menarche has been reported, but the trend in breast development is less clear. We reviewed the evidence on the relationship between in utero and early life events and breast onset/development. METHODS: Eligible studies were identified in PubMed and Embase databases. We selected studies in which female human exposure during fetal or the first years of life was measured or estimated, and associations with breast onset or development were evaluated...

Current published guidelines for routine care of women with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) do not include recommendations for gynecologic examinations. We describe our experience with gynecological examinations in women with PWS and offer recommendations for routine health care for these patients. Data were collected on all 41 PWS females ages ≥12 year, followed in our national Israeli multidisciplinary clinic between the years 2011 and 2022. Menstrual data and findings on external gynecological examination, including evaluation of the vulva and hymen were recorded at yearly visits...

BACKGROUND: Reproductive status, such as the age of menarche or menopause, may be linked to cognitive abilities and risk for incident Alzheimer's disease (AD) but the evidence is conflicting. It is also not fully known if these factors interact with cortical beta-amyloid deposition. OBJECTIVES: To study the relationship between reproductive risks, sex hormone markers and risk for decline in specific cognitive domains in women. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: We analyzed the association of reproductive markers (age at menarche, number of births, age at menopause, sex hormone-binding globulin, estradiol, estrone, total testosterone, free testosterone) with incident AD and annualized cognitive decline in the community-based longitudinal Framingham Heart Study (FHS) Offspring women 60 years and older (n=772, mean age 68 years, mean follow-up 10...

BACKGROUND: Uterine leiomyomata (UL) are benign smooth muscle tumors that may cause significant morbidity in women of reproductive age. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of menstrual and reproductive factors with the risk of UL in premenopausal women. METHODS: This prospective study included 7,360 premenopausal women aged 22-48 years who were part of the Korea Nurses' Health Study. Information on the menstrual cycle and reproductive history was assessed between 2014 and 2016, and self-reported cases of UL were obtained through 2021...

AIMS: This study aimed to assess the association of age at menarche (AAM) with multimorbidity and chronic diseases. METHODS: We used data regarding the reproductive history of 8,294 female participants of the Azar Cohort Study. A questionnaire assessed the participants' demographic information, reproductive history, personal behaviors, smoking status, socioeconomic status, activity status, and wealth score index. RESULTS: Among 8,286 women included in the analysis, the AAM was < 12 years (early) in 648 (7...

OBJECTIVE: Menarche, as a milestone of puberty, may have a long-term effect on health. The present study investigated the association of age at menarche with the incidence of arterial hypertension. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 4747 post-menarcheal participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study who met the eligibility criteria were selected. Demographic, lifestyle, reproductive, and anthropometric data, as well as risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, were collected...

INTRODUCTION: Age of menarche (AOM), or the first menstrual cycle, is one indicator of female puberty. The timing of AOM can be influenced by social determinants of health (SDOH). This study examined associations between SDOH and AOM over the past 2 decades in the United States. METHODS: US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data (1999 to early 2020) were analyzed. Multinomial logistic regression analyses examined associations between AOM (early [11...

PURPOSE: Young premenopausal women develop breast cancer (BC) within 5-10 years of the last childbirth, known as post-partum breast cancers (PPBC), often present with aggressive disease. The exact mechanisms that lead to poor prognosis in these patients are largely unknown. METHODS: We have evaluated the association of clinical and reproductive factors with BC in a cohort of women ≤ 45 years (N = 155) with long-term follow-up...

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of the initial screening characteristics of women with anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who did or did not respond to 2.5 mg letrozole (LET). METHODS: The clinical and laboratory characteristics of women with PCOS who underwent LET treatment were evaluated. Women with PCOS were stratified according to their responses to LET (2.5 mg). The potential predictors of their responses to LET were estimated using logistic regression analysis...