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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ousmane H Cissé, Shelly J Curran, H Diego Folco, Yueqin Liu, Lisa Bishop, Honghui Wang, Elizabeth R Fischer, A Sally Davis, Christian Combs, Sabrina Thapar, John P Dekker, Shiv Grewal, Melanie Cushion, Liang Ma, Joseph A Kovacs
Centromeres are constricted chromosomal regions that are essential for cell division. In eukaryotes, centromeres display a remarkable architectural and genetic diversity. The basis of centromere-accelerated evolution remains elusive. Here, we focused on Pneumocystis species, a group of mammalian-specific fungal pathogens that form a sister taxon with that of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe , an important genetic model for centromere biology research. Methods allowing reliable continuous culture of Pneumocystis species do not currently exist, precluding genetic manipulation...
February 21, 2024: MBio
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jenika Packiaraj, Jitendra Thakur
BACKGROUND: Centromeres are essential for faithful chromosome segregation during mitosis and meiosis. However, the organization of satellite DNA and chromatin at mouse centromeres and pericentromeres is poorly understood due to the challenges of assembling repetitive genomic regions. RESULTS: Using recently available PacBio long-read sequencing data from the C57BL/6 strain, we find that contrary to the previous reports of their homogeneous nature, both centromeric minor satellites and pericentromeric major satellites exhibit a high degree of variation in sequence and organization within and between arrays...
February 20, 2024: Genome Biology
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu-Fen Lin, Qing Hu, Alison Guyer, Daniele Fachinetti, Peter Ly
Chromothripsis describes the catastrophic fragmentation of individual chromosomes followed by its haphazard reassembly into a derivative chromosome harboring complex rearrangements. This process can be initiated by mitotic cell division errors when one or more chromosomes aberrantly mis-segregate into micronuclei and acquire extensive DNA damage. Approaches to induce the formation of micronuclei encapsulating random chromosomes have been used; however, the eventual reincorporation of the micronucleated chromosome into daughter cell nuclei poses a challenge in tracking the chromosome for multiple cell cycles...
2024: Methods in Cell Biology
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jeraldine Weber, Thibault Legal, Alicia Perez Lezcano, Agata Gluszek-Kustusz, Calum Paterson, Susana Eibes, Marin Barisic, Owen R Davies, Julie P I Welburn
The outer corona plays an essential role at the onset of mitosis by expanding to maximize microtubule attachment to kinetochores.1 , 2 The low-density structure of the corona forms through the expansion of unattached kinetochores. It comprises the RZZ complex, the dynein adaptor Spindly, the plus-end directed microtubule motor centromere protein E (CENP-E), and the Mad1/Mad2 spindle-assembly checkpoint proteins.3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 CENP-E specifically associates with unattached kinetochores to facilitate chromosome congression,11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 interacting with BubR1 at the kinetochore through its C-terminal region (2091-2358)...
February 8, 2024: Current Biology: CB
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yahya S Alqahtani, Ashraf M Mahmoud, Mohamed M El-Wekil, Hossieny Ibrahim
In the present study, nanoceria-decorated MWCNTs (CeNPs@MWCNTs) were synthesized using a simple and inexpensive process. Molnupiravir (MPV) has gained considerable attention in recent years due to the infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since some people infected with COVID-19 experience fever and headaches, paracetamol (PCM) has been prescribed to relieve these symptoms. Therefore, there is an urgent need to monitor and detect these drugs simultaneously in pharmaceutical and biological samples...
February 7, 2024: RSC Advances
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
JingHui Cao, Tetsuya Hori, Mariko Ariyoshi, Tatsuo Fukagawa
The kinetochore is an essential structure for chromosome segregation. Although the kinetochore is usually formed on a centromere locus, it can be artificially formed at a non-centromere locus by protein tethering. An artificial kinetochore can be formed by tethering of CENP-C or CENP-I, members of the constitutive centromere-associated network (CCAN). However, how CENP-C or CENP-I recruit the centromere-specific histone CENP-A to form an artificial kinetochore remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed this issue using the tethering assay combined with an auxin-inducible degron (AID)-based knockout method in chicken DT40 cells...
February 1, 2024: Journal of Cell Science
#27
Sweta Sikder, Songjoon Baek, Truman McNeil, Yamini Dalal
Aging involves a range of genetic, epigenetic, and physiological alterations. A key characteristic of aged cells is the loss of global heterochromatin, accompanied by a reduction in canonical histone levels. In this study, we track the fate of centromeres during aging in human cells. Our findings reveal that the centromeric histone H3 variant CENP-A is downregulated in aged cells, in a p53-dependent manner. We observe repression of centromeric noncoding transcription through an epigenetic mechanism via recruitment of a lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1/KDM1A) to centromeres...
December 30, 2023: bioRxiv
#28
B Santinello, R Sun, A Amjad, S J Hoyt, L Ouyang, C Courret, R Drennan, L Leo, A M Larracuente, L M Core, R J O'Neill, B G Mellone
Centromeres are essential chromosomal landmarks that dictate the point of attachment between chromosomes and spindle microtubules during cell division. The stable transmission of the centromere site through generations is ensured by a unique chromatin containing the histone H3 variant CENP-A. Previous studies have highlighted the impact of transcription on promoting CENP-A deposition. However, the specific sequences undergoing this transcription and their contribution to centromere function in metazoan systems remain elusive...
January 16, 2024: bioRxiv
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sachin Sharma, Shao-An Wang, Wen-Bin Yang, Hong-Yi Lin, Mei-Jung Lai, Hsien-Chung Chen, Tzu-Yuan Kao, Feng-Lin Hsu, Kunal Nepali, Tsung-I Hsu, Jing-Ping Liou
Structural analysis of tazemetostat, an FDA-approved EZH2 inhibitor, led us to pinpoint a suitable site for appendage with a pharmacophoric fragment of second-generation HSP90 inhibitors. Resultantly, a magnificent dual EZH2/HSP90 inhibitor was pinpointed that exerted striking cell growth inhibitory efficacy against TMZ-resistant Glioblastoma (GBM) cell lines. Exhaustive explorations of chemical probe 7 led to several revelations such as (i) compound 7 increased apoptosis/necrosis-related gene expression, whereas decreased M phase/kinetochore/spindle-related gene expression as well as CENPs protein expression in Pt3R cells; (ii) dual inhibitor 7 induced cell cycle arrest at the M phase; (iii) compound 7 suppressed reactive oxygen species (ROS) catabolism pathway, causing the death of TMZ-resistant GBM cells; and (iv) compound 7 elicited substantial in vivo anti-GBM efficacy in experimental mice xenografted with TMZ-resistant Pt3R cells...
January 29, 2024: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rodolfo B Serafim, Cibele Cardoso, Camila B Storti, Patrick da Silva, Hongyun Qi, Ramya Parasuram, Geovana Navegante, Jean Pierre S Peron, Wilson A Silva, Enilza M Espreafico, Maria L Paçó-Larson, Brendan D Price, Valeria Valente
HJURP is overexpressed in several cancer types and strongly correlates with patient survival. However, the mechanistic basis underlying the association of HJURP with cancer aggressiveness is not well understood. HJURP promotes the loading of the histone H3 variant, CENP-A, at the centromeric chromatin, epigenetically defining the centromeres and supporting proper chromosome segregation. In addition, HJURP is associated with DNA repair but its function in this process is still scarcely explored. Here, we demonstrate that HJURP is recruited to DSBs through a mechanism requiring chromatin PARylation and promotes epigenetic alterations that favor the execution of DNA repair...
January 26, 2024: Oncogene
#31
Avinash V Dharmadhikari, Maria Alba Abad, Sheraz Khan, Reza Maroofian, Tristan T Sands, Farid Ullah, Itaru Samejima, Martin A Wear, Kiara E Moore, Elena Kondakova, Natalia Mitina, Theres Schaub, Grace K Lee, Christine H Umandap, Sara M Berger, Alejandro D Iglesias, Bernt Popp, Rami Abou Jamra, Heinz Gabriel, Stefan Rentas, Alyssa L Rippert, Kosuke Izumi, Laura K Conlin, Daniel C Koboldt, Theresa Mihalic Mosher, Scott E Hickey, Dara V F Albert, Haley Norwood, Amy Feldman Lewanda, Hongzheng Dai, Pengfei Liu, Tadahiro Mitani, Dana Marafi, Davut Pehlivan, Jennifer E Posey, Natalie Lippa, Natalie Vena, Erin L Heinzen, David B Goldstein, Cyril Mignot, Jean-Madeleine de Sainte Agathe, Nouriya Abbas Al-Sannaa, Mina Zamani, Saeid Sadeghian, Reza Azizimalamiri, Tahere Seifia, Maha S Zaki, Ghada M H Abdel-Salam, Mohamed Abdel-Hamid, Lama Alabdi, Fowzan Sami Alkuraya, Heba Dawoud, Aya Lofty, Peter Bauer, Giovanni Zifarelli, Erum Afzal, Faisal Zafar, Stephanie Efthymiou, Daniel Gossett, Meghan C Towne, Raey Yeneabat, Sandeep N Wontakal, Vimla S Aggarwal, Jill A Rosenfeld, Victor Tarabykin, Shinya Ohta, James R Lupski, Henry Houlden, William C Earnshaw, Erica E Davis, A Arockia Jeyaprakash, Jun Liao
SPOUT1/CENP-32 encodes a putative SPOUT RNA methyltransferase previously identified as a mitotic chromosome associated protein. SPOUT1/CENP-32 depletion leads to centrosome detachment from the spindle poles and chromosome misalignment. Aided by gene matching platforms, we identified 24 individuals with neurodevelopmental delays from 18 families with bi-allelic variants in SPOUT1/CENP-32 detected by exome/genome sequencing. Zebrafish spout1/cenp-32 mutants showed reduction in larval head size with concomitant apoptosis likely associated with altered cell cycle progression...
January 9, 2024: medRxiv
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bárbara Pinto, João P N Silva, Patrícia M A Silva, Daniel José Barbosa, Bruno Sarmento, Juliana Carvalho Tavares, Hassan Bousbaa
Antimitotic compounds, targeting key spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) components (e.g., MPS1, Aurora kinase B, PLK1, KLP1, CENPE), are potential alternatives to microtubule-targeting antimitotic agents (e.g., paclitaxel) to circumvent resistance and side effects associated with their use. They can be classified into mitotic blockers, causing SAC-induced mitotic arrest, or mitotic drivers, pushing cells through aberrant mitosis by overriding SAC. These drugs, although advancing to clinical trials, exhibit unsatisfactory cancer treatment outcomes as monotherapy, probably due to variable cell fate responses driven by cyclin B degradation and apoptosis signal accumulation networks...
December 29, 2023: Pharmaceutics
#33
REVIEW
Ran Xu, Ziyi Pan, Takuro Nakagawa
Centromeres play essential roles in the faithful segregation of chromosomes. CENP-A, the centromere-specific histone H3 variant, and heterochromatin characterized by di- or tri-methylation of histone H3 9th lysine (H3K9) are the hallmarks of centromere chromatin. Contrary to the epigenetic marks, DNA sequences underlying the centromere region of chromosomes are not well conserved through evolution. However, centromeres consist of repetitive sequences in many eukaryotes, including animals, plants, and a subset of fungi, including fission yeast...
December 24, 2023: Biomolecules
#34
Sakshi Khurana, Daniel R Foltz
Proper chromosome segregation is required to ensure genomic and chromosomal stability. The centromere is a unique chromatin domain present throughout the cell cycle on each chromosome defined by the CENP-A nucleosome. Centromeres (CEN) are responsible for recruiting the kinetochore (KT) during mitosis, ultimately regulating spindle attachment and mitotic checkpoint function. Upregulation of many genes that encode the CEN/KT proteins is commonly observed in cancer. Here, we show although that FOXM1 occupies the promoters of many CEN/KT genes with MYBL2, occupancy is insufficient alone to drive the FOXM1 correlated transcriptional program...
December 27, 2023: bioRxiv
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessen V Bredeson, Austin B Mudd, Sofia Medina-Ruiz, Therese Mitros, Owen Kabnick Smith, Kelly E Miller, Jessica B Lyons, Sanjit S Batra, Joseph Park, Kodiak C Berkoff, Christopher Plott, Jane Grimwood, Jeremy Schmutz, Guadalupe Aguirre-Figueroa, Mustafa K Khokha, Maura Lane, Isabelle Philipp, Mara Laslo, James Hanken, Gwenneg Kerdivel, Nicolas Buisine, Laurent M Sachs, Daniel R Buchholz, Taejoon Kwon, Heidi Smith-Parker, Marcos Gridi-Papp, Michael J Ryan, Robert D Denton, John H Malone, John B Wallingford, Aaron F Straight, Rebecca Heald, Dirk Hockemeyer, Richard M Harland, Daniel S Rokhsar
Frogs are an ecologically diverse and phylogenetically ancient group of anuran amphibians that include important vertebrate cell and developmental model systems, notably the genus Xenopus. Here we report a high-quality reference genome sequence for the western clawed frog, Xenopus tropicalis, along with draft chromosome-scale sequences of three distantly related emerging model frog species, Eleutherodactylus coqui, Engystomops pustulosus, and Hymenochirus boettgeri. Frog chromosomes have remained remarkably stable since the Mesozoic Era, with limited Robertsonian (i...
January 17, 2024: Nature Communications
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Samuel Lucas DA Silva Delgado Mendes, Paulo Cesar DE Paiva, Alexandra E Rizzo
Pseudoscalibregma Ashworth, 1901 is a small genus of the family Scalibregmatidae Malmgren, 1867. Currently, a total of eight valid species are accepted. Of these, the majority are found at great depths. This work contains the first report of Pseudoscalibregma to the Brazilian coast, with the description of three new species: Pseuscalibregma ermindae sp. nov., P. magalhaesi sp. nov. and P. parapari sp. nov. The material was sampled from the Brazilian southeast region, on Campos and Santos sedimentary basins, during scientific expeditions called Santos ProjectSantos Basin Environmental Characterization and Ambes ProjectEsprito Santo Basin Assessment Project, both coordinated by PETROBRAS/CENPES...
January 10, 2024: Zootaxa
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Samarah V Harb, Elayaraja Kolanthai, Abinaya S Pugazhendhi, Cesar A G Beatrice, Leonardo A Pinto, Craig J Neal, Eduardo H Backes, Ana C C Nunes, Heloisa S Selistre-de-Araújo, Lidiane C Costa, Melanie J Coathup, Sudipta Seal, Luiz A Pessan
The fabrication of customized implants by additive manufacturing has allowed continued development of the personalized medicine field. Herein, a 3D-printed bioabsorbable poly (lactic acid) (PLA)- β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) (10 wt %) composite has been modified with CeO2 nanoparticles (CeNPs) (1, 5 and 10 wt %) for bone repair. The filaments were prepared by melt extrusion and used to print porous scaffolds. The nanocomposite scaffolds possessed precise structure with fine print resolution, a homogenous distribution of TCP and CeNP components, and mechanical properties appropriate for bone tissue engineering applications...
March 2024: Biomater Biosyst
#38
Saad Asbeutah, Kamel Alhashime, Maryam Alhamer
Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a group of neuropsychiatric disorders caused by antibodies that target the neuronal surface, synaptic, or intracellular antigens, impairing brain function. Although AE can affect people of different age groups, the occurrence of AE within specific age brackets depends on the specific type of AE and the antibodies produced. While AE is frequently considered a paraneoplastic syndrome linked to cancer, it is essential to acknowledge that the intensity of this association can vary depending on the specific antibody, leading to diverse relationships with paraneoplastic syndromes...
December 2023: Curēus
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiangxian Wang, Wei Wei, Chaohui Xing, Hao Wang, Meng Liu, Jinmei Xu, Xinxin He, Yanan Liu, Xing Guo, Runshen Jiang
Feather follicle density plays an important role in appealing to consumers' first impressions when making purchasing decisions. However, the molecular network that contributes to this trait remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to perform transcriptome and weighted gene co-expression network analyses to determine the candidate genes relating to feather follicle density in Wannan male chickens. In total, five hundred one-day-old Wannan male chickens were kept in a conventional cage system. Feather follicle density was recorded for each bird at 12 weeks of age...
January 4, 2024: Animals: An Open Access Journal From MDPI
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aurora B promotes the CENP-T-CENP-W interaction to guide accurate chromosome segregation in mitosis.
Wei Liu, Zhen Dou, Chunyue Wang, Gangyin Zhao, Fengge Wu, Chunli Wang, Felix Aikhionbare, Mingliang Ye, Divine Mensah Sedzro, Zhenye Yang, Chuanhai Fu, Zhikai Wang, Xinjiao Gao, Xuebiao Yao, Xiaoyu Song, Xing Liu
Accurate chromosome segregation in mitosis depends on kinetochores that connect centromeric chromatin to spindle microtubules. Centromeres are captured by individual microtubules via a kinetochore constitutive centromere-associated network (CCAN) during chromosome segregation. CCAN contains 16 subunits, including CENP-W and CENP-T. However, the molecular recognition and mitotic regulation of the CCAN assembly remain elusive. Here, we revealed that CENP-W binds to the histone fold domain and an uncharacterized N-terminal region of CENP-T...
January 10, 2024: Journal of Molecular Cell Biology
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