Dopamine preterm

CONTEXT: Acromegaly is a rare disease caused by excessive growth hormone (GH) secretion, mostly induced by pituitary adenomas. The care of pregnant women with acromegaly is challenging, in part due to existing clinical data being limited and not entirely consistent with regard to potential risks for mother and child. OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively examine data on pregnancy and maternal as well as neonatal outcomes in patients with acromegaly. DESIGN & METHODS: Retrospective data analysis from 47 pregnancies of 31 women treated in centers of the German Acromegaly Registry...

Dopamine has been used for half a century in adult and pediatric patients for the treatment of hypotension, as well as for the theoretical prevention of acute kidney injury (AKI). Although activation of renal dopamine receptors leads to increased urine output, there is no evidence that low-dose dopamine reduces the incidence of AKI, need for dialysis, or death. Dopamine administration is also associated with multiple adverse effects, particularly in preterm infants. Despite the lack of evidence for its use, as well as the known adverse effects of dopamine, many neonatologists still use low-dose dopamine to prevent or treat AKI in neonates...

Dopamine has been used for half a century in adult and pediatric patients for the treatment of hypotension, as well as for the theoretical prevention of acute kidney injury (AKI). Although activation of renal dopamine receptors leads to increased urine output, there is no evidence that low-dose dopamine reduces the incidence of AKI, need for dialysis, or death. Dopamine administration is also associated with multiple adverse effects, particularly in preterm infants. Despite the lack of evidence for its use, as well as the known adverse effects of dopamine, many neonatologists still use low-dose dopamine to prevent or treat AKI in neonates...

Children born preterm have an increased likelihood of developing neurobehavioral disorders such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and anxiety. These disorders have a sex bias, with males having a higher incidence of ADHD, whereas anxiety disorder tends to be more prevalent in females. Both disorders are underpinned by imbalances to key neurotransmitter systems, with dopamine and noradrenaline in particular having major roles in attention regulation and stress modulation. Preterm birth disturbances to neurodevelopment may affect this neurotransmission in a sexually dimorphic manner...

AIM: To determine the significant risk factors of cerebral palsy (CP) in Taiwanese children and the associations between infant-related and parent-related factors. METHOD: Data from 1 459 093 infants and their parents in Taiwan's national databases collected between 2009 and 2016 were used. The cohort with CP included children diagnosed with CP between birth and age 3 years; a total of 3254 children with CP were included in the final analysis...

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular support (CVS) treatment failure (TF) is associated with a poor prognosis in preterm infants. METHODS: Medical charts of infants with a birth weight <1500 g who received either dopamine (Dp) or dobutamine (Db), were reviewed. Treatment response (TR) occurred if blood pressure increased >3rd centile for gestational age or superior vena cava flow was maintained >55 ml/kg/min, with decreased lactate or less negative base excess, without additional CVS...

OBJECTIVE: We sought to investigate the clinical determinants of intestinal failure and death in preterm infants with surgical NEC. METHODS: Retrospective comparison of clinical information between Group A = intestinal failure (Parenteral nutrition (PN) >90 days) and death and Group B = survivors and with PN dependence <  90 days in preterm infants with surgical NEC. RESULTS: Group A (n = 99/143) had a lower mean gestational age (26...

INTRODUCTION: This study evaluated the correlation between skin blood flow and systemic blood flow and whether skin blood flow can determine the circulatory effects of dopamine and dobutamine on blood flow in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. METHODS: This study was a subanalysis of the PICC-MBF randomized controlled trial. The correlation between skin blood flow and echocardiographic findings was examined. Changes in skin blood flow and blood pressure before and after initiation or dose increase of dopamine and dobutamine were also evaluated...

BACKGROUND: Transient hypothyroxinemia of prematurity (THOP) is defined as a low level of circulating thyroxine (T4), despite low or normal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. AIMS: We aimed to evaluate the incidence of THOP, the clinical and laboratory findings of preterm infants with this condition and the levothyroxine (L-T4) treatment. METHODS: Preterm infants (n = 181) delivered at 24-34 weeks of gestation were evaluated by their thyroid function tests that were performed between the 10th and 20th days of postnatal life and interpreted according to the gestational age (GA) references...

OBJECTIVE:  Decreased near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) measures of renal oxygen saturation (Rsat) have identified preterm infants with a hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA). NIRS may further identify infants at risk for acute kidney injury (AKI) in a population with concern for hsPDA. STUDY DESIGN:  Review of infants ≤29 weeks' gestation undergoing NIRS and echocardiography due to concern for hsPDA. The hsPDA was defined by two of the following: moderate-large size, left to right shunt, aortic flow reversal, left atrial enlargement...

BACKGROUND: To study the gestational age-specific risk factors and outcomes of severe acute kidney injury (AKI) in neonates with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). METHODS: Retrospective cohort study comparing gestational age (GA)-specific clinical data between infants without severe AKI (stage 0/1 AKI) and those with severe AKI (stages 2 and 3 AKI) stratified by GA ≤27 and >27 weeks. RESULTS: Infants with GA ≤27 weeks had double the rate of severe AKI (46...

BACKGROUND: Regarding neonatal hypotension, there is no certainty as to whether inotrope properties are beneficial or whether they may be harmful. However, given that the antioxidant content of human milk plays a compensatory role in neonatal sepsis and that human milk feeding has direct effects in modulating the cardiovascular function of sick neonates, this research hypothesized that human milk feeds might predict lower requirements of vasopressors in the management of neonatal septic shock...

BACKGROUND: Preterm infants are uniquely vulnerable to early toxic stress exposure while in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and also being at risk for suboptimal neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, the complex biological mechanisms responsible for variations in preterm infants' neurodevelopmental outcomes because of early toxic stress exposure in the NICU remain unknown. Innovative preterm behavioral epigenetics research offers a possible mechanism and describes how early toxic stress exposure may lead to epigenetic alterations, potentially affecting short- and long-term outcomes...

OBJECTIVES: To analyse the trends in thyroid function tests (TFT) in preterm infants, evaluate the frequency of thyroid dysfunction, and identify the factors that influence thyroid function. METHODS: The TFT results and risk factors for thyroid dysfunction in preterm infants with gestational ages (GA) between 25 and 34 weeks were analysed. RESULTS: In total, 535 infants were enrolled in this study. Thyroid hormone levels vary with gestational and postnatal age, and the total frequency of thyroid dysfunction is 50...

BACKGROUND: Norepinephrine (NE) is recommended for children and full-term neonates (born at >37 gestational weeks) with septic shock. Meanwhile, data on the effectiveness of NE in preterm neonates are still limited. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of NE in preterm neonates with dopamine-resistant shock compared with that in full-term neonates. METHODS: This was a single-centre, retrospective (January 2010-December 2020) cohort study of neonates with persistent shock despite adequate fluid resuscitation and dopamine or dobutamine administration at ≥10 μg/kg/min...

BACKGROUND: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. Several non-pharmacological, pharmacological, and surgical approaches have been explored to prevent or treat a PDA. OBJECTIVES: To summarise Cochrane Neonatal evidence on interventions (pharmacological or surgical) for the prevention of PDA and related complications, and interventions for the management of asymptomatic and symptomatic PDA in preterm infants...

INTRODUCTION: The outcomes of pain and stress in preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) compel the continued search for pain- and stress-reducing interventions. THE OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY: To investigate how skin-to-skin contact (SSC) influences chronic pain and stress in preterm infants in the NICU. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 140 preterm infants in the NICU with gestational age less than 34 weeks. The overall design was a baseline-response design...

BACKGROUND: Since a high incidence of mortality and morbidity is induced by preterm birth, it is important to understand how hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in preterm infants alters gut microbiota development. METHODS: We analyzed 89 stools from 30 term newborns (NNG), 30 preterm infants without apnea (PG) and 29 preterm infants with definite diagnosis of apnea (PAG) by 16S rRNA gene sequencing in this study. RESULTS: The data showed that species richness and diversity in PG and PAG were significantly lower compared with NNG...

INTRODUCTION: High-end cutoffs of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) have been emphasized for hypothyroidism therapy in extremely preterm infants, but the significance of low TSH levels remains unknown. This study hypothesized that the spectrum of TSH levels by newborn screening after birth signifies specific morbidities in extremely preterm neonates. METHODS: The multicenter population cohort analyzed 434 extremely preterm neonates receiving TSH screening at 24-96 h of age in 2008-2019...

UNLABELLED: The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical effectiveness of dopamine (DA) versus norepinephrine (NE) as first-line therapy for sepsis-related hypotension in preterm infants. This is a retrospective cohort study over 10 years at two tertiary neonatal units. Preterm infants born < 35 weeks post-menstrual age (PMA), who received DA or NE as primary therapy for hypotension during sepsis, defined as culture-positive or culture-negative infections or necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), were included...