Methylene Chloride

The study explores the synergy of biobased polymers and hydrogels for water purification. Polymer nanomaterial's, synthesized by combining acrylamide copolymer with maleic anhydride, were integrated into sodium alginate biopolymer using an eco-friendly approach. Crosslinking agents, calcium chloride and glutaraladehyde, facilitated seamless integration, ensuring non-toxicity, high adsorption performance, and controlled capacity. This innovative combination presents a promising solution for clean and healthy water supplies, addressing the critical need for sustainable environmental practices in water purification...

Although studies have shown that olfaction may contribute to the perception of tastant, literature is scarce or circumstantial, especially in humans. This study aims to (a) explore whether humans can perceive solutions of basic prototypical tastants through orthonasal and retronasal olfaction, (b) and to examine what volatile odor compounds (VOCs) underlie this ability. Solutions of five basic tastants (sucrose, sodium chloride, citric acid, monosodium glutamate (MSG), quinine dissolved in water, and two fatty acids (oleic and linoleic acid dissolved in mineral oil were prepared...

Fifteen cyclic dipeptides (CDPs) containing proline, one cyclo(Phe-Ala) without proline, and a non-peptidyl DL-3-phenyllactic acid were previously identified in the culture filtrates of Lactobacillus plantarum LBP-K10, an isolate from kimchi. In this study, we used Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) eggs to examine the effects of probiotic supplementation on the antimicrobial CDPs extracted from quail eggs (QE). Eggshell-free QE were obtained from two distinct groups of quails. The first group (K10N) comprised eggs from unsupplemented quails...

The complex matrix of soil samples and low extraction efficiency of aniline compounds limit many methods developed for detecting aniline and benzidine compounds in soil. In this study, a rapid and sensitive method based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was developed for the simultaneous determination of 14 aniline and benzidine compounds in soil. The collected soil samples were sealed with 5% sodium sulfite solution and refrigerated to inhibit the oxidation of the target compounds for up to 7 d. The extraction efficiencies of accelerated solvent extraction and oscillating dispersion extraction were compared, and the recovery of accelerated solvent extraction was found to be unsuitable...

Gas sensors are used to detect gas components in human breath to diagnose diseases, such as cancers. However, choosing suitable two-dimensional materials for gas sensors is a challenge. Germanene can be a good candidate because of its outstanding electronic and structural properties. Based on the density functional theory calculations with various schemes, such as PBE + vdW-DF2, HSE06 + PBE, and HSE06 + vdW-DF2, we elucidated the structural and electronic properties of germanene substrates (perfect, vacancy-1, and vacancy-2) while adsorbing hepatocellular carcinoma-related volatile organic compounds (VOCs), i...

A new, straightforward spectrofluorimetric approach with high sensitivity was established for determining midodrine hydrochloride based on derivatizing this drug through its reaction with 5-(dimethylamino)naphthalene-1-sulfonyl chloride (dansyl chloride). The highly fluorescent product was extracted with methylene chloride, and then its emission was measured at 532 nm after excitation at 339 nm. The reaction was conducted in aqueous medium containing 0.1 M borate buffer (pH 8.2). The results showed that the proposed method is sensitive with high linearity in the range from 0...

Gastric problems are often caused by the well-known Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) bacterium. One of the biggest obstacles to the treatment of H. pylori infections is increasing the antibiotic resistance. During our search for naturally derived anti- H. pylori compounds, six major compounds were isolated from the methylene chloride (CH2 Cl2 ) and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fractions of Rumex acetos a that showed anti- H. pylori activity. Three anthraquinones and three anthraquinone glucosides were identified as the major chemical constituents of the CH2 Cl2 and EtOAc fractions, respectively...

In response to the new concept of green sustainability, it is necessary to expand the functionality of bio-based natural fibers (such as cotton fabrics) to replace fabrics made from fossil fuels. One potential way of achieving this is through the use of phosphorus, boron and nitrogen based organic flame retardants. This article designs a special flame retardant system with high efficiency, high durability, and enhanced fabric strength. An "H" shaped flame retardant (TBSA) is synthesized using hydroxyethyl methylene phosphate, pentaerythritol diborate, and cyanuric chloride...

There is unceasing interest toward transformations of phosphine derivatives, which are facilitated by transition metals. We report a facile Pd(II)- and Pt(II)-assisted P-C bond cleavage in a luminescent 2-phenylbenzothiazole-based α-methylaminophosphine ( PCN , 1 ). Specifically, reactions between 1 and [M(COD)Cl2 ] (M = Pd, Pt; COD = cycloocta-1,5-diene) in different solvents (methylene chloride, acetonitrile, pyridine, toluene) resulted in the formation of PPh2 - , captured either as a bridging ligand in binuclear complexes with a {M2 (PPh2 )2 } moiety or as an adduct to COD in [Pt2 (PPh2 COD)2 Cl2 ]...

One approach to enhance the bioavailability and half-life of peptides in vivo is through N-methylation of one or more of the amino acids within the peptide sequence. However, commercially available Fmoc-N-Me-AA-OHs are limited and often expensive. In this study, a solid-phase synthesis method for Fmoc-N-Me-AA-OH was developed using a 2-chlorotrityl chloride (2-CTC) resin as a temporary protective group for the carboxylic acid strategy. Two strategies for the alkylation step were compared, employing either dimethyl sulfate or methyl iodide in the Biron-Kessler method...

BACKGROUND: Anacyclus pyrethrum L. (Akarkara root), a valuable Ayurvedic remedy, is reported to exhibit various pharmacological activities. Akarkara root was subjected to bioassay-guided fractionation, to isolate its active constituents and discover their potential bioactivities, followed by computational analysis. METHODS: The methanol extract and its fractions, methylene chloride, and butanol, were assessed for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticholinergic potentials...

The reactions of alkenes with phenyl- N -triflylimino-λ3 -iodane PhI=NTf ( 1 ) have been studied in different conditions. In methylene chloride, in the presence of N -halosuccinimides, the products of mono and bis-triflamidation were obtained. In MeCN, the product of bromotriflamidation (with NBS) with solvent interception or of bis-triflamidation (with NIS) is formed. The reaction with trans -stilbene in acetonitrile with NBS gave rise to cyclization to 2-methyl-4,5-diphenyl-1-triflyl-4,5-dihydro-1 H -imidazole...

Mushrooms contain chitin-glucan complex (CGC), a natural copolymer of chitin and glucan, and nanofibrillation enhances its applicability. Here, a novel method was used to fabricate chitin-glucan nanofibers (CGNFs) from white button mushrooms. The first stage was to pretreat the raw mushroom using hot water and alkali to remove water-soluble glucans and alkali-soluble proteins, respectively, producing a CGC amenable to nanofibrillation. The second stage was nanofibrillation via esterification using acidic deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and subsequent ultrasonication...

BACKGROUND: Heterocyclic materials-containing thiazoles exhibited incredible importance in pharmaceutical chemistry and drug design due to their extensive biological properties. METHODS: Synthesis of thiazoles and bis-thiazoles from the reaction of 2-((6-Nitrobenzo[ d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methylene)hydrazine-1-carbothioamide with hydrazonoyl chlorides in dioxane and in the existence of triethylamine as basic catalyst. The antioxidant, invitro anti-proliferative, and cytotoxicity efficacy of thiazoles and bis-thiazoles were measured...

The reaction of tris(pyridin-2-yl)amine with [CyRuCl2 ]2 (Cy = p-isopropyltoluene or cymene) in refluxing diglyme led to the formation of cis-[RuCl2 {κ2 -(2-py)3 N}2 ]·CHCl3 (1a) after recrystallization from chloroform/pentane, or cis-dichloridobis[tris(pyridin-2-yl)amine-κ2 N,N']ruthenium(II) dichloromethane disolvate, [RuCl2 (C15 H12 N4 )2 ]·2CH2 Cl2 or cis-[RuCl2 {κ2 -(2-py)3 N}2 ]·2CH2 Cl2 (1b). Treatment of 1a with one equivalent of silver(I) hexafluoridoantimonate in dichloromethane gave [RuCl{κ2 -(2-py)3 N}{κ3 -(2-py)3 N}][SbF6 ]·CH2 Cl2 (2a)...

In search of novel multi-mechanistic approaches for treating Alzheimer's disease (AD), we have embarked on synthesizing single small molecules for probing contributory roles of the following combined disease targets: sigma-1 (σ-1), class IIb histone deacetylase-6 (HDAC-6), and oxidative stress (OS). Herein, we report the synthesis and partial evaluation of 20 amides (i.e., phenylacetic and Trolox or 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid derivatives). Target compounds were conveniently synthesized via amidation by either directly reacting acyl chlorides with amines or condensing acids with amines in the presence of coupling agents 1-[bis(dimethylamino)methylene]-1H-1,2,3-triazolo [4,5-b] pyridinium 3-oxide hexafluorophosphate (HATU) or 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI)...

Textile-based photocatalysts are the new materials that can be utilized as an effective sustainable solution for biochemical hazards. Hence, we aimed to develop a sustainable, cost-effective, and facile approach for the fabrication of photocatalytic fabric using graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3 N4 ) and ferric-based multifunctional nanocomposite. Bulk g-C3 N4 was prepared from urea by heating it at 500 °C for 2 h. The structure of ball-milled g-C3 N4 was engineered by doping with various amounts of iron (III) chloride hexahydrate solution (0...

The effect of the ionic liquids (ILs) 1-methyl-3-tetradecylimidazolium chloride ([C14 MIM][Cl]), 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C12 MIM][Cl]), and 1-decyl-methylimidazolium chloride ([C10 MIM][Cl]) on the structure of bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Concerning the fluorescence measurements, we observed a blue shift and a fluorescence quenching as the IL concentration increased in the solution...

Eutectic solvent systems are versatile solvents that have found widespread use in numerous applications. Traditional solvents are homogeneous, having only one component, and their chemistry is relatively simple, with some exceptions. On the other hand, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) comprise binary components, generally a donor and an acceptor in hydrogen bonding with varying ratios. The interaction chemistry among the donor and acceptor involved in hydrogen bonding in DESs is complicated. Although numerous research is focused on the synthesis and application of DESs, few studies are reported to elucidate the complex structure and dynamic and interaction behavior of DESs...

In this work, eight kinds of hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (DESs), including four types of ionic and four types of non-ionic DESs, were prepared and applied in vortex-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction (LLME) technology. To explore the extraction ability of the hydrophobic DESs-based vortex-assisted LLME, four types of dyes were selected as analytes, involving anionic tartrazine (TA), amaranth (AM) and cationic phenosafranine (PF), methylene blue (MB). It turned out that the ionic and non-ionic hydrophobic DESs showed selective extraction on anionic and cationic dyes, respectively...