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Keywords (Epigenetic) and (mitochondria...

(Epigenetic) and (mitochondrial dysfunction)

https://read.qxmd.com/read/38349500/grape-seed-extract-prevents-chlorpyrifos-induced-toxicity-in-rat-liver-through-the-modulation-of-phase-i-detoxification-pathway
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Slim Ghrir, Wassim Ben Abbes, Adam Chourabi, Ghassen Abid, Selim Jallouli, Salem Elkahoui, Ferid Limam, Ezzedine Aouani, Kamel Charradi
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) poisoning is a public health problem for which there is not currently any effective prophylaxis. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of grape seed extract (GSE) against CPF-induced hepatotoxicity. Rats were daily treated either with CPF (2 mg/kg) or CPF and GSE (20 mg/kg) for 1 week, sacrificed, and their livers dissected for biochemical, molecular, and histopathological analyses. CPF generated liver dysfunction by altering carbohydrate, lipid, amino acid, ammonia and urea metabolism, and provoked mitochondrial impairment through disturbing tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and mitochondrial viability...
February 13, 2024: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38346921/therapeutic-strategies-for-idiopathic-pulmonary-fibrosis-thriving-present-and-promising-tomorrow
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nikita Gupta, Mitali Paryani, Snehal Patel, Aditi Bariya, Anshu Srivastava, Yashwant Pathak, Shital Butani
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a continuous, progressive, and lethal age-related respiratory disease. It is characterized by condensed and rigid lung tissue, which leads to a decline in the normal functioning of the lungs. The pathophysiology of IPF has still not been completely elucidated, so current strategies are lagging behind with respect to improving the condition of patients with IPF and increasing their survival rate. The desire for a better understanding of the pathobiology of IPF and its early detection has led to the identification of various biomarkers associated with IPF...
February 12, 2024: Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38334680/considering-caenorhabditis-elegans-aging-on-a-temporal-and-tissue-scale-the-case-of-insulin-igf-1-signaling
#23
REVIEW
Paola Fabrizio, Allan Alcolei, Florence Solari
The aging process is inherently complex, involving multiple mechanisms that interact at different biological scales. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a simple model organism that has played a pivotal role in aging research following the discovery of mutations extending lifespan. Longevity pathways identified in C. elegans were subsequently found to be conserved and regulate lifespan in multiple species. These pathways intersect with fundamental hallmarks of aging that include nutrient sensing, epigenetic alterations, proteostasis loss, and mitochondrial dysfunction...
February 5, 2024: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38323108/unraveling-the-epigenetic-fabric-of-type-2-diabetes-mellitus-pathogenic-mechanisms-and-therapeutic-implications
#24
REVIEW
Cham Jazieh, Tarek Ziad Arabi, Zohaib Asim, Belal Nedal Sabbah, Aljohara Waleed Alsaud, Khaled Alkattan, Ahmed Yaqinuddin
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a rapidly escalating global health concern, with its prevalence projected to increase significantly in the near future. This review delves into the intricate role of epigenetic modifications - including DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and micro-ribonucleic acid (miRNA) expression - in the pathogenesis and progression of T2DM. We critically examine how these epigenetic changes contribute to the onset and exacerbation of T2DM by influencing key pathogenic processes such as obesity, insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction, cellular senescence, and mitochondrial dysfunction...
2024: Frontiers in Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38311850/m6a-epitranscriptomic-and-epigenetic-crosstalk-in-cardiac-fibrosis
#25
REVIEW
Zhi-Yan Liu, Li-Chan Lin, Zhen-Yu Liu, Jing-Jing Yang, Hui Tao
Cardiac fibrosis, a crucial pathological characteristic of various cardiac diseases, presents a significant treatment challenge. It involves the deposition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and is influenced by genetic and epigenetic factors. Prior investigations have predominantly centered on delineating the substantial influence of epigenetic and epitranscriptomic mechanisms in driving the progression of fibrosis. Recent studies have illuminated additional avenues for modulating the progression of fibrosis, offering potential solutions to the challenging issues surrounding fibrosis treatment...
February 3, 2024: Molecular Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38287696/osteoclasts-and-osteoarthritis-novel-intervention-targets-and-therapeutic-potentials-during-aging
#26
REVIEW
Haojue Wang, Tao Yuan, Yi Wang, Changxing Liu, Dengju Li, Ziqing Li, Shui Sun
Osteoarthritis (OA), a chronic degenerative joint disease, is highly prevalent among the aging population, and often leads to joint pain, disability, and a diminished quality of life. Although considerable research has been conducted, the precise molecular mechanisms propelling OA pathogenesis continue to be elusive, thereby impeding the development of effective therapeutics. Notably, recent studies have revealed subchondral bone lesions precede cartilage degeneration in the early stage of OA. This development is marked by escalated osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, subsequent imbalances in bone metabolism, accelerated bone turnover, and a decrease in bone volume, thereby contributing significantly to the pathological changes...
January 29, 2024: Aging Cell
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38286967/cognitive-dysfunction-and-exercise-from-epigenetic-to-genetic-molecular-mechanisms
#27
REVIEW
Runhong Zhang, Shangwu Liu, Seyed Mojtaba Mousavi
Maintaining good health is crucial, and exercise plays a vital role in achieving this goal. It offers a range of positive benefits for cognitive function, regardless of age. However, as our population ages and life expectancy increases, cognitive impairment has become a prevalent issue, often coexisting with age-related neurodegenerative conditions. This can result in devastating consequences such as memory loss, difficulty speaking, and confusion, greatly hindering one's ability to lead an ordinary life. In addition, the decrease in mental capacity has a significant effect on an individual's physical and emotional well-being, greatly reducing their overall level of contentment and causing a significant financial burden for communities...
January 30, 2024: Molecular Neurobiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38272864/epigenetic-regulation-of-the-nuclear-genome-associated-with-mitochondrial-dysfunction-in-leber-s-hereditary-optic-neuropathy-lhon
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aswathy P Nair, Ambika Selvakumar, Janani Gopalarethinam, B Abishek Kumar, Balachandar Vellingiri, Mohana Devi Subramaniam
Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a mitochondrial hereditary disease in which visual loss affects complex 1 activity of the electron transport chain of mitochondria. It first manifests as painless dulling or blurry in one or even both eyes, and as it develops, sharpness and color perception are lost. In addition to primary mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations, there are also other environmental and epigenetic factors involved in the pathogenesis of LHON. One of the most common locations for deadly pathogenic mutations in humans is the human complex I accessory NDUFS4 subunit gene...
January 25, 2024: Human Genome Variation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38262578/chronic-kidney-disease-and-left-ventricular-diastolic-dysfunction-ckd-lvdd-alter-cardiac-expression-of-mitochondria-related-genes-in-swine
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alejandro R Chade, Rhys Sitz, Taylor J Kelty, Elizabeth McCarthy, Darla L Tharp, R Scott Rector, Alfonso Eirin
Cardiovascular disease and heart failure doubles in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), but the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. Mitochondria are central to maintaining cellular respiration and modulating cardiomyocyte function. We took advantage of our novel swine model of CKD and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (CKD-LVDD) to investigate the expression of mitochondria-related genes and potential mechanisms regulating their expression. CKD-LVDD and normal control pigs (n=6/group, 3 males/3 females) were studied for 14 weeks...
January 21, 2024: Translational Research: the Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38260521/mitochondrial-membrane-potential-regulates-nuclear-dna-methylation-and-gene-expression-through-phospholipid-remodeling
#30
Mateus Prates Mori, Oswaldo Lozoya, Ashley M Brooks, Dagoberto Grenet, Cristina A Nadalutti, Birgitta Ryback, Kai Ting Huang, Prottoy Hasan, Gyӧrgy Hajnóczky, Janine H Santos
UNLABELLED: Maintenance of the mitochondrial inner membrane potential (ΔΨM) is critical for many aspects of mitochondrial function, including mitochondrial protein import and ion homeostasis. While ΔΨM loss and its consequences are well studied, little is known about the effects of increased ΔΨM. In this study, we used cells deleted of ATPIF1 , a natural inhibitor of the hydrolytic activity of the ATP synthase, as a genetic model of mitochondrial hyperpolarization...
January 13, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38238253/aryl-hydrocarbon-receptor-linking-environment-to-aging-process-in-elderly-patients-with-asthma
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tianrui Yang, Rongjun Wan, Wei Tu, Sai Nithin Avvaru, Peisong Gao
Aging is a significant risk factor for various diseases, including asthma, and it often leads to poorer clinical outcomes, particularly in elderly individuals. It is recognized that age-related diseases are due to a time-dependent accumulation of cellular damage, resulting in a progressive decline in cellular and physiological functions and an increased susceptibility to chronic diseases. The effects of aging affect not only the elderly but also those of younger ages, posing significant challenges to global healthcare...
January 18, 2024: Chinese Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38212867/simultaneous-assessment-of-mitochondrial-dna-copy-number-and-nuclear-epigenetic-age-towards-predictive-models-of-development-and-aging
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Phyo W Win, Julia Nyugen, Amanda L Morin, Charles E Newcomb, Shiva M Singh, Noha Gomaa, Christina A Castellani
OBJECTIVE: Mitochondrial dysfunction and nuclear epigenetic alterations, two hallmarks of aging, are associated with aberrant development and complex disease risk. Here, we report a method for the simultaneous assessment of mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) and DNA methylation age (DNAm age) from the same DNA extraction using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and array data, respectively. RESULT: We present methods for the concurrent estimation of mtDNA-CN and DNAm age from the same DNA samples...
January 11, 2024: BMC Research Notes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38212548/emerging-roles-of-mitochondrial-functions-and-epigenetic-changes-in-the-modulation-of-stem-cell-fate
#33
REVIEW
Chensong Zhang, Yang Meng, Junhong Han
Mitochondria serve as essential organelles that play a key role in regulating stem cell fate. Mitochondrial dysfunction and stem cell exhaustion are two of the nine distinct hallmarks of aging. Emerging research suggests that epigenetic modification of mitochondria-encoded genes and the regulation of epigenetics by mitochondrial metabolites have an impact on stem cell aging or differentiation. Here, we review how key mitochondrial metabolites and behaviors regulate stem cell fate through an epigenetic approach...
January 12, 2024: Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences: CMLS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38203294/molecular-mechanisms-of-neuroprotection-by-ketone-bodies-and-ketogenic-diet-in-cerebral-ischemia-and-neurodegenerative-diseases
#34
REVIEW
Jiwon Jang, Su Rim Kim, Jo Eun Lee, Seoyeon Lee, Hyeong Jig Son, Wonchae Choe, Kyung-Sik Yoon, Sung Soo Kim, Eui-Ju Yeo, Insug Kang
Ketone bodies (KBs), such as acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate, serve as crucial alternative energy sources during glucose deficiency. KBs, generated through ketogenesis in the liver, are metabolized into acetyl-CoA in extrahepatic tissues, entering the tricarboxylic acid cycle and electron transport chain for ATP production. Reduced glucose metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction correlate with increased neuronal death and brain damage during cerebral ischemia and neurodegeneration. Both KBs and the ketogenic diet (KD) demonstrate neuroprotective effects by orchestrating various cellular processes through metabolic and signaling functions...
December 21, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38199310/butyrate-reduction-and-hdac4-increase-underlie-maternal-high-fructose-induced-metabolic-dysfunction-in-hippocampal-astrocytes-in-female-rats
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kay L H Wu, Wen-Chung Liu, Chih-Wei Wu, Mu-Hui Fu, Hsiu-Mei Huang, You-Lin Tain, Chih-Kuang Liang, Chun-Ying Hung, I-Chun Chen, Pi-Lien Hung, Yu-Ju Lin, Hajime Hirase
Maternal nutrient intake influences the health of the offspring via microenvironmental systems in digestion and absorption. Maternal high fructose diet (HFD) impairs hippocampus-dependent memory in adult female rat offspring. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. Maternal HFD causes microbiota dysbiosis. In this study, we find that the plasma level of butyrate, a major metabolite of microbiota, is significantly decreased in the adult female maternal HFD offspring. In these rats, GPR43, a butyrate receptor was downregulated in the hippocampus...
January 8, 2024: Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38178998/arsenic-toxicity-sources-pathophysiology-and-mechanism
#36
REVIEW
Shahid Yousuf Ganie, Darakhshan Javaid, Younis Ahmad Hajam, Mohd Salim Reshi
BACKGROUND: Arsenic is a naturally occurring element that poses a significant threat to human health due to its widespread presence in the environment, affecting millions worldwide. Sources of arsenic exposure are diverse, stemming from mining activities, manufacturing processes, and natural geological formations. Arsenic manifests in both organic and inorganic forms, with trivalent meta-arsenite (As3+) and pentavalent arsenate (As5+) being the most common inorganic forms. The trivalent state, in particular, holds toxicological significance due to its potent interactions with sulfur-containing proteins...
February 2024: Toxicology Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38176575/unravelling-the-epigenetic-impact-oxidative-stress-and-its-role-in-male-infertility-associated-sperm-dysfunction
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gokul Sudhakaran, D Kesavan, Karthikeyan Kandaswamy, Ajay Guru, Jesu Arockiaraj
Male infertility is a multifactorial condition influenced by epigenetic regulation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Oxidative stress-induced damage leads to epigenetic modifications, disrupting gene expression crucial for spermatogenesis and fertilization. Paternal exposure to oxidative stress induces transgenerational epigenetic alterations, potentially impacting male fertility in offspring. Mitochondrial dysfunction impairs sperm function, while leukocytospermia exacerbates oxidative stress-related sperm dysfunction...
January 2, 2024: Reproductive Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38169018/the-neuropsychopharmacology-of-acetyl-l-carnitine-lac-basic-translational-and-therapeutic-implications
#38
REVIEW
Benedetta Bigio, Shofiul Azam, Aleksander A Mathé, Carla Nasca
Mitochondrial metabolism can contribute to nuclear histone acetylation among other epigenetic mechanisms. A central aspect of this signaling pathway is acetyl-L-carnitine (LAC), a pivotal mitochondrial metabolite best known for its role in fatty acid oxidation. Work from our and other groups suggested LAC as a novel epigenetic modulator of brain plasticity and a therapeutic target for clinical phenotypes of depression linked to childhood trauma. Aberrant mitochondrial metabolism of LAC has also been implicated in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease...
January 2, 2024: Discov Ment Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38163576/enhancer-of-zeste-homolog-2-ezh2-dependent-sirtuin-3-determines-sensitivity-to-glucose-starvation-in-radioresistant-head-and-neck-cancer-cells
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hyo Won Chang, Jung Je Park, Won Hyeok Lee, Song Hee Kim, Jong Cheol Lee, Hae Yun Nam, Mi Ra Kim, Myung Woul Han, Yoon Se Lee, Sang Yoon Kim, Seong Who Kim
Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) regulates mitochondrial function as a mitochondrial deacetylase during oxidative stress. However, the specific regulatory mechanism and function of SIRT3 in radioresistant cancer cells are unclear. In this study, we aim to investigate how SIRT3 determines the susceptibility to glucose deprivation and its regulation in p53-based radioresistant head and neck cancer cells. We observed mitochondrial function using two established isogenic radioresistant subclones (HN3R-A [p53 null] and HN3R-B [p53 R282W]) with intratumoral p53 heterogeneity...
December 30, 2023: Cellular Signalling
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38152346/generation-of-somatic-de-novo-structural-variation-as-a-hallmark-of-cellular-senescence-in-human-lung-fibroblasts
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Valentina Woronzow, Jonas Möhner, Daniel Remane, Hans Zischler
Cellular senescence is characterized by replication arrest in response to stress stimuli. Senescent cells accumulate in aging tissues and can trigger organ-specific and possibly systemic dysfunction. Although senescent cell populations are heterogeneous, a key feature is that they exhibit epigenetic changes. Epigenetic changes such as loss of repressive constitutive heterochromatin could lead to subsequent LINE-1 derepression, a phenomenon often described in the context of senescence or somatic evolution. LINE-1 elements decode the retroposition machinery and reverse transcription generates cDNA from autonomous and non-autonomous TEs that can potentially reintegrate into genomes and cause structural variants...
2023: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
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