Porocarcinoma

Eccrine porocarcinoma, sharing many features with other skin tumours, is diagnostically challenging. A conventional biopsy might be misleading and surgical excision becomes a primary diagnostic tool and a treatment method. However, the data on surgical safety margins are not consistent. We present a systematic review analysing the surgical margins of porocarcinoma in the head and neck area, which was conducted across the PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases including studies published from inception to November of 2023...

A 23-year-old man of South Asian descent, Fitzpatrick type 4-5 skin, usually fit and well, presented with a 6-month history of a darkly-pigmented papular lesion growing within a pre-existing warty plaque on the left parietal scalp, present since birth. The base plaque measured 30 × 10 mm, whilst the new papule measured approximately 3 × 3 mm. These were asymptomatic and there was no preceding trauma to the area. Examination revealed a pearlescent darkly pigmented papule, growing within a warty pink-yellow hairless plaque...

BACKGROUND: Eccrine porocarcinoma (EPC) is a rare skin tumor that mainly affects the elderly population. Tumors often present with slow growth and a good prognosis. EPCs are usually distinguished from other skin tumors using histopathology and immunohistochemistry. However, surgical management alone may be inadequate if the tumor has metastasized. However, currently, surgical resection is the most commonly used treatment modality. CASE SUMMARY: A seventy-four-year-old woman presented with a slow-growing nodule in her left temporal area, with no obvious itching or pain, for more than four months...

BACKGROUND: While the list of fusion-driven soft tissue neoplasms is expanding rapidly, their importance among cutaneous and superficial mesenchymal and adnexal neoplasms remains poorly understood. This challenge is especially evident in cases with ambiguous histopathology that are difficult to classify based on morphology. AIMS: Our goal was to investigate the benefits of next-generation sequencing in diagnosing complex cutaneous neoplasms. MATERIALS & METHODS: Departmental archives were searched for fusion-driven cutaneous neoplasms...

INTRODUCTION: Rare cancers, in aggregate, represent a significant burden of disease in oncology and remain therapeutically challenging to manage due to a lack of clinical trials. Eccrine porocarcinoma is a rare cutaneous sweat-gland malignancy for which there remains no standard approach to metastatic disease. CASE PRESENTATION: We describe a patient diagnosed with metastatic disease, confirmed on bone biopsy; pathological analysis further revealed this was oestrogen receptor positive...

BACKGROUND: Porocarcinoma is a rare type of skin cancer that originates from sweat gland tumors. It is an aggressive malignant skin cancer that is difficult to diagnose clinically owing to its rarity and similarity to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). CASE SUMMARY: This case involved a 92-year-old woman, a farmer by profession, presented with an exophytic and verrucous mass on her left palm that had formed 2 years prior and caused chronic pain and frequent bleeding...

BACKGROUND: Adnexal tumors of the skin are rare neoplasms that encompass a wide range of dermatologic entities. Here, we investigated the pattern of adnexal tumors of the skin in the All African Leprosy and Tuberculosis Rehabilitation and Training Center (ALERT) hospital retrospectively. METHODS: A hospital-based retrospective study was conducted at ALERT from histopathology records in the Armauer Hansen Research Institute (AHRI) pathology laboratory of patients diagnosed with any of the skin adnexal tumors during the time period January 2017 to December 2021...

BACKGROUND: Immediate lymphatic reconstruction (ILR) has traditionally required a fluorescent-capable microscope to identify lymphatic channels used to create a lymphaticovenous bypass (LVB). Herein, a new alternative method is described, identifying lymphatic channels using a commercially available handheld fluorescence imaging device. METHODS: This was a single-center study of consecutive patients who underwent ILR over a 1-year period at a tertiary medical center...

Porocarcinomas are rare sweat gland cancers representing the malignant counterpart to benign poromas. Their diagnosis can be challenging, especially in the absence of an associated poroma or when the tumor is poorly differentiated. Since recurrent YAP1::MAML2 and YAP1::NUTM1 fusions have been identified in poroid tumors, molecular studies provide an opportunity to support the diagnosis in challenging cases. We describe a case of a female patient in her early 90s, with a polypoid mass of the hip. Histopathologically, there was a poorly differentiated malignant spindle cell tumor adjacent to a poroma...

Cutaneous adnexal tumors are neoplasms that arise from skin appendages. Their morphologic diversity and phenotypic variability with rare progression to malignancy make them difficult to diagnose and classify, and there is currently no established treatment strategy. To overcome these difficulties, this study investigated the transcription factor SOX9 expression, morphology, and genetics of skin adnexal tumors for understanding their biology, especially their histogenesis. We showed that cutaneous adnexal tumors and their nontumor counterparts of skin and appendages exhibit expression patterns similar to that of SOX9...

Metastatic porocarcinomas (PC) are vanishingly rare, highly aggressive skin adnexal tumors with mortality rates exceeding 70%. Their rarity has precluded the understanding of their disease pathogenesis, let alone the conduct of clinical trials to evaluate treatment strategies. There are no effective agents for unresectable PC. Here, we successfully demonstrate how functional precision medicine was implemented in the clinic for a metastatic PC with no known systemic treatment options. Comprehensive genomic profiling of the tumor specimen did not yield any actionable genomic aberrations...

Porocarcinoma (PC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) are distinct skin cancers. Few studies have documented the occurrence of two concurrent types of skin cancers, and to the best of our knowledge, this represents the inaugural report of such a coexisting lesion arising from a capillary malformation. Herein, we report a case of concurrent PC and BCC presenting with capillary malformation. A 93-year-old woman visited our hospital with a protruding mass in her right nasal ala that appeared as a capillary malformation...

BACKGROUND: Preauricular sinus (PAS) is a common congenital anomaly, and complete excision is recommended to prevent recurrence. However, PAS has a high recurrence rate as a result of incomplete removal due to the high variability of the sinus ramifications, making its treatment challenging. In this study, we standardized the surgical procedure to reduce the complications and recurrence rate and compared the postoperative results between the non-standardized and the standardized groups...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): Cutaneous adnexal carcinomas (CACs) are a heterogenous group of rare skin cancers. Management strategies are extrapolated from the treatment of more common skin cancers, and case series describing patients treated with radiotherapy (RT) for CAC are limited to <15 patients. We reviewed our institutional experience to better understand the characteristics and outcomes of patients with CAC treated with RT. MATERIALS/METHODS: Patients diagnosed with CAC and treated RT from 2000-2020 were identified using the following keywords: adnexal, microcystic, apocrine, eccrine, sebaceous, sweat gland, syringoma, mucinous, tubular, porocarcinoma, hidradenocarcinoma, and cylindrocarcinoma...

Porocarcinoma is a rare skin malignancy that should be suspected in patients with chronic skin lesions. Although it usually affects the elderly population in sun-exposed areas, it may be seen in younger populations and in nonexposed areas such as the groin.

Eccrine porocarcinoma is a rare malignant tumor of the eccrine sweat gland. This malignancy occurs most commonly in the lower extremities. It tends to occur in patients aged 60 to 80 years, affecting men and women equally. We present the case of a 62-year-old man with a lesion on the left foot. The diagnosis of the initial biopsy was squamous cell carcinoma. Six months later, the lesion reoccurred, and a second biopsy confirmed it to be eccrine porocarcinoma.

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Eccrine poroma (EP) is a relatively rare benign adnexal neoplasm that usually affects elderly patients. Its pathogenesis is still under investigation, but recent gene studies have revealed gene fusions as key incidences resulting in oncogenetic pathways. It often presents as a solitary, firm papule, mostly asymptomatic, located on the soles or palms. Due to its clinical and dermoscopic variability, it is characterized as the great imitator. We performed a literature review, aiming to summarize current data on the pathogenetic mechanisms, new dermoscopic features, and novel diagnostic tools that may aid in early diagnosis and proper management of this rare adnexal tumor...

Psoriasis is a common chronical inflammatory skin disease with a prevalence of 2%-4% worldwide. In contrast, porocarcinoma is a relatively rare cutaneous neoplasm and an associated localization of both lesions is rare. Here, we describe the first case of porocarcinoma in a patient with psoriasis. A 71-year-old Japanese man was referred to our clinic for evaluation of nodule within a keratotic plaque of 20-years history on his leg. Histopathological examination showed that the plaque revealed acanthosis with regular elongation of rete ridges, agranulosis and the presence of Munro microabscesses...

Poroma is a benign sweat gland tumour showing morphological features recapitulating the superficial portion of the eccrine sweat coil. A subset of poromas may transform into porocarcinoma, its malignant counterpart. Poroma and porocarcinoma are characterised by recurrent gene fusions involving YAP1, a transcriptional co-activator, which is controlled by the Hippo signalling pathway. The fusion genes frequently involve MAML2 and NUTM1, which are also rearranged in other cutaneous and extracutaneous neoplasms...