Fabrizio Oliva, Giuseppe Boriani, Paolo Calabrò, Pasquale Caldarola, Stefano Carugo, Battistina Castiglioni, Dario Celentani, Marco Comeglio, Leonardo De Luca, Renata De Maria, Michele Di Muro, Gianfranco Ignone, Filippo Leonardo, Alberto Margonato, Francesco Massari, Adriano Murrone, Federico Nardi, Giuseppe Patti, Gianpiero Perna, Paolo Pinna, Marco Poli, Francesco Prati, Riccardo Raddino, Sante Donato Pierdomenico, Paolo Tammaro, Italo Porto
Ischemia with non-obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) is defined by the coexistence of anginal symptoms and demonstrable ischemia, with no evidence of obstructive coronary arteries. The underlying mechanism of INOCA is coronary microvascular dysfunction with or without associated vasospasm. INOCA patients have recurrent symptoms, functional limitations, repeated access to the emergency department, impaired quality of life and a higher incidence of cardiovascular events than the general population. Although well described in chronic coronary syndrome guidelines, INOCA remains underdiagnosed in clinical practice because of insufficient awareness, lack of accurate diagnostic tools, and poorly standardized and consistent definitions to diagnose, both invasively and non-invasively, coronary microvascular dysfunction...
May 2024: Giornale Italiano di Cardiologia