Motor vehicle accident

Neck pain is a common reason for primary care visits, and its differential diagnosis should consider various conditions. The reported incidence of hyoid bone fractures is extremely low, accounting for only 0.002% of all fractures. The most common causes of hyoid bone fractures include strangulation attempts and motor vehicle accidents. We report a case of an uncommon complication of manual therapy of the cervical spine. A 76-year-old woman complained of neck pain that worsened during speaking and swallowing, originating from a neck physiotherapy session...

PURPOSE: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can cause significant morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population. Brain CT is the mainstay in the diagnosis of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). The aim of this study was to explore the clinical characteristics that can predict ICH on brain CT in pediatric TBI patients, to assist physicians in deciding on the use of brain CT. METHODS: A total of 475 pediatric TBI patients who underwent brain CT within 24 h after injury from January 2012 to December 2021 in the level 1 trauma center in Thailand were included in this cross-sectional study...

BACKGROUND: Major traumatic injury in the pediatric population requires further evaluation to improve patient outcomes. Relatively few Canadian studies have investigated pediatric trauma using population-based data. Our objectives were to describe the epidemiology of pediatric major trauma in Nova Scotia and identify factors associated with in-hospital mortality. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of pediatric major trauma patients (age <18 years) injured in Nova Scotia over a 17-year period (April 2001-March 2018)...

Traumatic brain injury is a serious medical condition that can be attributed to falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports injuries and acts of violence, causing a series of neural injuries and neuropsychiatric symptoms. However, limited accessibility to the injury sites, complicated histological and anatomical structure, intricate cellular and extracellular milieu, lack of regenerative capacity in the native cells, vast variety of damage routes, and the insufficient time available for treatment have restricted the widespread application of several therapeutic methods in cases of central nervous system injury...

PURPOSE: To describe the prevalence and outcome of motor vehicle accidents-associated ocular injuries. METHODS: A survey of patients who presented to the emergency room at a level 1 trauma center with motor vehicle accidents-associated ocular injuries. A patient questionnaire and review of clinical notes were conducted for all patients. RESULTS: Of 274 motor vehicle accident victims with ocular injuries who presented to the emergency room, 40 (15%) responded to the survey...

INTRODUCTION: Despite evidence showing higher fatality rates in freight-related crashes, there has been limited exploration of their spatial distribution and factors associated with such distribution. This gap in the literature primarily stems from the focus of existing studies on micro-level factors predicting the frequency or severity of injuries in freight crashes. The present study delves into the factors contributing to freight crashes at the neighborhood level, particularly focusing on different types of freight crashes: collisions involving a freight vehicle and a passenger vehicle, crashes between freight vehicles, and freight vehicle-non-motorized crashes...

INTRODUCTION: The risk of motor vehicle-bicyclist crashes and fatalities is greater during nighttime than daytime lighting conditions, even though there are fewer cyclists on roadways at night. Vehicle Adaptive Headlamp Systems (AHS) aim to increase the visibility of bicyclists for drivers by directing a spotlight to illuminate bicyclists on or near the roadway. AHS technology also serves to alert bicyclists to the approaching vehicle by illuminating the road beneath the rider and by projecting a warning icon on the roadway...

OBJECTIVE: To examine data on COVID-19 disease associated with a 10% increase in US road deaths from 2020 to 2021 that raises the question of the potential effect of pandemic stress and neurological damage from COVID-19 disease. METHODS: Poisson regression was used to estimate the association of recent COVID-19 cases, accumulated cases, maximum temperatures, truck registrations and gasoline prices with road deaths monthly among US states in 2021. Using the regression coefficients, changes in each risk factor from 2020 to 2021 were used to calculate expected deaths in 2021 if each factor had remained the same as in 2020...

OBJECTIVE: The shelter-in-place mandates enacted early in the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in changes in alcohol use and consequent outcomes. We assessed changes in six categories of season-specific alcohol-attributable mortality from before to during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S. METHODS: We used logistic regression models to assess alcohol-attributable mortality in the U.S. from 2017 through 2020 (n=11,632,725 decedents ages 18 and older)...

The radiologic finding of focal stenosis of the main pancreatic duct is highly suggestive of pancreatic cancer. Even in the absence of a mass lesion, focal duct stenosis can lead to surgical resection of the affected portion of the pancreas. We present four patients with distinctive pathology associated with non-neoplastic focal stenosis of the main pancreatic duct. The pathology included stenosis of the pancreatic duct accompanied by wavy, acellular, serpentine-like fibrosis, chronic inflammation with foreign body-type giant cell reaction, and calcifications...

A major neurological disorder with major socioeconomic effects is spinal cord injury (SCI). This case report aims to document the comprehensive physiotherapy rehabilitation intervention employed in the successful restoration of function in a patient with quadriparesis following cervical spine trauma. An 84-year-old male presented with quadriparesis resulting from a traumatic cervical spine injury sustained in a motor vehicle accident. The patient underwent an individualized physiotherapy rehabilitation program consisting of assessment, goal-setting, and targeted interventions...

INTRODUCTION: Heavy truck drivers with untreated obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are at higher risk of driving accidents. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of OSA and to identify the most frequent symptoms and comorbidities in heavy truck drivers. METHODS: This cohort study included the employees of a Portuguese transport company between 2019 and 2022. A home sleep apnea test (HSAT) was performed on all patients. SPSS® was used for statistical analysis, and a p-value lower than 0...

Neck pain is a multifactorial condition, and one common cause is cervical spine injury related to motor vehicle collision (MVC). Injuries from MVCs range from whiplash to cervical spine fracture and can manifest in various ways including neck stiffness, decreased range of motion, and neurological deficits. One method of management currently underutilized is osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT), which can be used to treat pain and range of motion deficits resulting from MVCs. While a few studies in the literature have documented a statistically significant benefit of OMT in chronic pain syndromes, there is little data on its effectiveness in treating patients after MVCs...

INTRODUCTION: Scapular fractures (SFs) have historically been associated with severe trauma and multiple injuries. Recent studies have demonstrated improved outcomes. However, SFs have never been studied from a strictly rural or Australian perspective. OBJECTIVE: The study's objective was to assess whether associations still exist between a fractured scapula and trauma scores, mortality rates, and other commonly associated injuries in a regional Australian trauma centre...

OBJECTIVES:  Investigating patterns among the outcomes of patients involved in motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) can provide information necessary to guide targeted interventions to improve road traffic safety. Our purpose is to identify any differences between passenger and driver injury severity and overall clinical course after MVAs. METHODS:  We performed a retrospective review and analysis of 3,693 patients involved in MVAs from 2016 to 2021. We divided the data into two groups, drivers and passengers, and compared the Injury Severity Score (ISS), Revised Trauma Score (RTS) on admission, days in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), length of hospital stay (LOS), post Emergency Department (ED) disposition, discharge (DC) disposition, and signs of life on arrival (SOLA) to the ED...

AIM: The aim of the present study is to assess some characteristics of blunt hepatic and splenic injuries in children, the non-operative management (NOM) procedures and efficiency, over a 5-year period in a tertiary hospital for children. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on 32 patients with blunt liver and/or spleen injuries. Age, gender, mechanism of injury, hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, lenght of stay and bedrest, imaging diagnosis, hemostatics and transfusions, treatment, and discharge status were evaluated...

Splenectomy is a common procedure for managing splenic injury in patients with unstable vital signs. Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) has emerged as a limited alternative to splenectomy, although the role of TAE can be expanded upon the stabilization of vital signs. The current case report discusses a man in his 50s, in shock after a motor vehicle accident, who was successfully stabilized using resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA), followed by splenic artery embolization (SAE) instead of splenectomy, with early involvement of diagnostic and interventional radiologists from the initial stage of care...

PURPOSE: To report a case of oculocardiac reflex following penetrating orbital injury with entrapment of extraocular muscle secondary to a retained orbital foreign body. OBSERVATION: A 19-year-old man with no known comorbidities presented with a foreign object in his right orbit following a motor vehicle accident. Visual acuity was 20/20 bilaterally with positive relative afferent pupillary defect for the right eye. A motorcycle brake lever was embedded in the right inferotemporal conjunctival fornix, missing his globe...

BACKGROUND: Few studies effectively quantify the long-term incidence of death following injury. The absence of detailed mortality and underlying cause of death data results in limited understanding and a potential underestimation of the consequences at a population level. This study takes a nationwide approach to identify the one-year mortality following injury in Scotland, evaluating survivorship in relation to pre-existing comorbidities and incidental causes of death. STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective cohort study assessed the one-year mortality of adult trauma patients with an Injury Severity Score ≥ 9 during 2020 using the Scottish Trauma Audit Group (STAG) registry linked to inpatient hospital data and death certificate records...

BACKGROUND/AIM: Results of studies investigating the association between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and maxillofacial fractures (MFs) have varied considerably. The present study aimed to evaluate the correlation between TBIs and MFs, as well as the impact of age, sex, trauma mechanism, and season on TBIs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This 12-year retrospective study of 2841 patients used univariate and multivariate logistic regression to assess the association between MFs and other factors impacting TBIs...