PHI

UNLABELLED: Pyricularia oryzae (syn. Magnaporthe oryzae), is a filamentous ascomycete that causes a major disease called blast on cereal crops, as well as on a wide variety of wild and cultivated grasses. Blast diseases have a tremendous impact worldwide particularly on rice and on wheat, where the disease emerged in South America in the 1980s, before spreading to Asia and Africa. Its economic importance, coupled with its amenability to molecular and genetic manipulation, have inspired extensive research efforts aiming at understanding its biology and evolution...

PURPOSE: Metabolic abnormalities in hepatic encephalopathy (HE) cause brain edema or demyelinating disease, resulting in symmetric regional cerebral edema (SRCE) on MRI. This study aimed to investigate the usefulness of the clustering analysis of SRCE in predicting the development of brain failure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR findings and clinical data of 98 consecutive patients with HE were retrospectively analyzed. The correlation between the 12 regions of SRCE was calculated using the phi (Φ) coefficient, and the pattern was classified using hierarchical clustering using the φ2 distance measure and Ward's method...

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to review the safety and efficacy of daprodustat, a hypoxia-inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor (HIF-PHI) in the treatment of anemia of chronic kidney disease (CKD). DATA SOURCES: A literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and ClinicalTrials.gov using the keywords "daprodustat," "GSK1278863," and "hypoxia-inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors" from January 2010 through November 2023. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: Literature was included if it evaluated pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and/or safety of daprodustat in human subjects and was reported in English...

It was demonstrated that ginsenosides exert anti-convulsive potentials and interleukin-6 (IL-6) is protective from excitotoxicity induced by kainate (KA), a model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Ginsenosides-mediated mitochondrial recovery is essential for attenuating KA-induced neurotoxicity, however, little is known about the effects of ginsenoside Re (GRe), one of the major ginsenosides. In this study, GRe significantly attenuated KA-induced seizures in mice. KA-induced redox changes were more evident in mitochondrial fraction than in cytosolic fraction in the hippocampus of mice...

Coxiella (C.) burnetii , a zoonotic bacterium, is prevalent in dairy farms. Some cows develop a persistent infection and shed C. burnetii into milk and occasionally by amniotic fluid at calving. Serological diagnosis of Q fever in humans is performed by phase (Ph)-specific antibody tests; PhII antibodies usually indicate an acute infection, while the development of a chronic infection is characterised by elevated PhI antibody titres. Phase-specific tests have now been established for diagnosis of coxiellosis in cattle...

A facile procedure for extracting and determining seven neonicotinoids was developed. Water was the only extraction solvent without phase separation and cleanup steps. The method was validated according to European Union standards, and the values obtained were compared with the criteria. The accuracy values were between 99.8% (thiamethoxam) and 106.8% (clothianidin) at the spiking levels of 0.01, 0.1, and 1 mg/kg in the tested matrices. The precision as pooled RSD values was ≤6.1% (intra-day) and ≤6...

In recent years, attention to the realization of a distributed fiber-optic microphone for the detection and recognition of the human voice has increased, whereby the most popular schemes are based on φ-OTDR. Many issues related to the selection of optimal system parameters and the recognition of registered signals, however, are still unresolved. In this research, we conducted theoretical studies of these issues based on the φ-OTDR mathematical model and verified them with experiments. We designed an algorithm for fiber sensor signal processing, applied a testing kit, and designed a method for the quantitative evaluation of our obtained results...

CONTEXT: Thyrotoxicosis requires accurate and expeditious differentiation between Graves' disease (GD) and thyroiditis to ensure effective treatment decisions. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop a machine learning algorithm using ultrasonography and Doppler images to differentiate thyrotoxicosis subtypes, with a focus on GD. METHODS: This study included patients who initially presented with thyrotoxicosis and underwent thyroid ultrasonography at a single tertiary hospital...

BACKGROUND: Primary symptoms of cerebral palsy (CP), such as spasm and weakness, can lead to secondary musculoskeletal problems. Exploring the interplay and impact of secondary symptoms is essential in CP management. METHODS: A total of 56 children (32 males and 24 females) aged eight to 12 years in level I to III of Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) completed The Pediatric Balance Scale and Wong-Baker Faces Scale and the Posture and Postural Ability Scale...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is a major risk factor of multiple sclerosis (MS). We examined the presence of EBV DNA in the CSF and blood of patients with MS and controls. We analyzed whether EBV DNA is more common in the CSF of patients with MS than in controls and estimated the proportions of EBV-positive B cells in the CSF and blood. METHODS: CSF supernatants and cells were collected at diagnostic lumbar punctures from 45 patients with MS and 45 HLA-DR15 matched controls with other conditions, all participants were EBV seropositive...

Triazolium cyclodextrin click cluster ( + CCC ) is an ideal scaffold to specifically bind phosphoinositides (PIPs) via multivalent electrostatic interaction. A new enrichment material, triazolium cyclodextrin click cluster-magnetic agarose bead conjugate ( + CCC-MAB ), was synthesized and applied to the PIP enrichment of brain tissue. The enriched sample was analyzed using MALDI-TOF MS in negative ion mode without any derivatization. The PIP extract of brain tissue is known to contain abundant lipid interferences...

This paper describes the types of social comparison used by Hispanic students at a Hispanic Majority Institution through two studies ( N = 406). We found that students engaged in upward identification more often than downward identification, downward contrast, and upward contrast. However, when comparing themselves on an academic measure, downward identification and upward contrast became relatively more frequent. Additionally, downward identification tended to predict higher self-reported confidence about academic abilities than other types of social comparison...

BACKGROUND: Digitalizing oral health data through an app can help manage the extensive data obtained through oral health surveys. The Tooth Memo app collects data from oral health surveys and personal health information. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the evaluate the time efficiency, reliability, and user satisfaction of the Tooth Memo app. METHODS: There are 2 sections in the Tooth Memo app: oral health survey and personal oral health record...

BACKGROUND: The Columbia classification identified five histological variants of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). The prognostic significance of these variants remains controversial. AIM: To evaluate the relative frequency, clinicopathologic characteristics, and medium-term outcomes of FSGS variants at a single center in Pakistan. METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted at the Department of Nephrology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan on all consecutive adults (≥ 16 years) with biopsy-proven primary FSGS from January 1995 to December 2017...

OBJECTIVE: To improve the clinical utility of the Maintain High Blood Glucose subscale of the Hypoglycemia Fear Surveys (HFS) by identifying clinically meaningful cut points associated with glycemic outcomes. METHODS: Youth (N = 994; 13.96 ± 2.3 years) with type 1 diabetes and their caregivers (N = 1,111; 72% female) completed the Child or Parent version of the HFS. Modal Score Distribution, Standard Deviation Criterion, and Elevated Item Criterion approaches were used to identify proposed preliminary cut points for the Maintain High Blood Glucose subscale...

De-identification of DICOM images is an essential component of medical image research. While many established methods exist for the safe removal of protected health information (PHI) in DICOM metadata, approaches for the removal of PHI "burned-in" to image pixel data are typically manual, and automated high-throughput approaches are not well validated. Emerging optical character recognition (OCR) models can potentially detect and remove PHI-bearing text from medical images but are very time-consuming to run on the high volume of images found in typical research studies...

MOTIVATION: Blood-based profiling of tumor DNA ("liquid biopsy") has offered great prospects for non-invasive early cancer diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and clinical guidance, but require further advances in computational methods to become a robust quantitative assay of tumor clonal evolution. We propose new methods to better characterize tumor clonal dynamics from circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), through application to two specific questions: 1) How to apply longitudinal ctDNA data to refine phylogeny models of clonal evolution, and 2) how to quantify changes in clonal frequencies that may be indicative of treatment response or tumor progression...

UNLABELLED: Intracellular pH (pHi) dynamics are linked to cell processes including proliferation, migration, and differentiation. The adherens junction (AJ) and signaling protein β-catenin has decreased abundance at high pHi due to increased proteasomal-mediated degradation. However, the effects of low pHi on β-catenin abundance and functions have not been characterized. Here, we show that low pHi stabilizes β-catenin in epithelial cells using population-level and single-cell assays...

The bipodal compounds [(TMG2 biphenN-R )CuI -NCMe](PF6 ) (R = Me, Ar (4-CF3 Ph-)) and [(TMG2 biphenN-Me )CuI -I] have been synthesized with ligands that feature a diarylmethyl- and triaryl-amine framework and superbasic tetramethylguanidinyl residues (TMG). The cationic Cu(I) sites mediate catalytic nitrene-transfer reactions between the imidoiodinane PhI = NTs (Ts = tosyl) and a panel of styrenes in MeCN, to afford aziridines, demonstrating comparable reactivity profiles. The copper reagents have been further explored to execute C-H amination reactions with a variety of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons and two distinct nitrene sources PhI = NTs and PhI = NTces (Tces = 2,2,2-trichloroethylsulfamate) in benzene/HFIP (10:2 v/v)...

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is to assess the usefulness of the Prostate Health Index (PHI) as a triage tool for selecting patients at risk of prostate cancer (PCa) who should undergo multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We enrolled 204 patients with suspected PCa. For each patient, a blood sample was collected before mpMRI to measure PHI. Findings on mpMRI were assessed according to the Prostate Imaging Reporting & Data System version 2...