AQP4 kir4.1 diabetic retinopathy

OBJECTIVE: To explore the role and mechanism of Yigan Mingmu Decoction (YGMMD) in preventing and treating diabetic macular edema (DME). METHODS: The bioactive compounds in YGMMD and their targets were screened using network pharmacology. Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were treated with the respective drugs: andomine, YGMMD-L, YGMMD-M, YGMMD-H for four weeks. Blood glucose, body weight, and morphologic indicators were measured, and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to assess retinal pathologic changes...

The blood-retinal barrier (BRB), homeostasis, neuronal integrity, and metabolic processes are all directly influenced by Müller cells, the most important retinal glial cells. We isolated primary Müller cells from Sprague-Dawley (SD) neonatal rats and treated them with glucose at varying doses. CCK-8 was used to quantify cellular viability, and a TUNEL assay was performed to detect cell apoptosis. ELISA, immunofluorescence, and western blotting were used to assess cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling, Kir4.1, AQP4, GFAP, and VEGF levels, respectively...

BACKGROUND: Although vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) is known to play a key role in causing retinal edema, whether and how VEGF-A induces intracellular edema in the retina still remains unclear. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were rendered diabetic with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Intravitreal injection of ranibizumab was performed 8 weeks after diabetes onset. rMC-1 cells (rat Müller cell line) were treated with glyoxal for 24 h with or without ranibizumab...

Formation and maintenance of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) is required for proper vision and breaching of this barrier contributes to the pathology in a wide variety of retinal conditions such as retinal detachment and diabetic retinopathy. Dystrophin Dp71 being a key membrane cytoskeletal protein, expressed mainly in Müller cells, its absence has been related to BRB permeability through delocalization and down-regulation of the AQP4 and Kir4.1 channels. Dp71-null mouse is thus an excellent model to approach the study of retinal pathologies showing blood-retinal barrier permeability...

This study examined aquaporin 4 (AQP4) and Kir4.1 (a potassium channel subunit) in normal and diabetic adult Sprague-Dawley rats, and determined the effect of minocycline treatment. Retinal expression of the AQP4 and Kir4.1 genes was examined using double immuno fluorescence, Western blot analysis, and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Retinal levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule (Iba)-1 and interleukin (IL)-1β were also ascertained...