Fdg pet

OBJECTIVES: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and atherosclerosis share many common inflammatory pathways. We studied whether a multi-biomarker panel for RA disease activity (MBDA) would associate with changes in arterial inflammation in an interventional trial. METHODS: In the TARGET Trial, RA patients with active disease despite methotrexate were randomly assigned to the addition of either a TNF inhibitor or sulfasalazine+hydroxychloroquine (triple therapy). Baseline and 24-week follow-up 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography scans were assessed for change in arterial inflammation measured as the maximal arterial target-to-blood background ratio of FDG uptake in the most diseased segment of the carotid arteries or aorta (MDS-TBRmax)...

INTRODUCTION: Retroperitoneum can be the origin of a wide variety of pathologic conditions and potential space for disease spread to other compartments of the abdomen and pelvis. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are often the initial imaging modalities to evaluate the retroperitoneal pathologies, however given the intrinsic limitations, F18-FDG PET/CT provides additional valuable metabolic information which can change the patient management and clinical outcomes...

A 78-year-old woman with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was referred for an 18F-FDG PET/CT to evaluate therapy response after 6 cycles of R-mini-CHOP. A new 18F-FDG accumulation was noticed medial in the upper part of the right lower leg, spreading along the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle. The shaft-bow-looking curvature, arch sign, of 18F-FDG revealed a fluid collection on CT. This typical pattern and its specific location are indicative of a ruptured Baker's cyst. It can manifest in 1 or both legs...

BACKGROUND: The aim of our study was to retrospectively analyze FDG PET/CT data in patients with facial nerve palsy (FNP) for the presence of the monocle sign. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 85 patients with unilateral FNP were included into our study, thereof 73 with peripheral FNP and 12 with central FNP. FDG uptake (SUVmax, SUVmean, total lesion glycolysis) was measured in both orbicularis oculi muscles (OOMs). FDG uptake of paretic and nonparetic muscles was compared in patients with FNP (Wilcoxon test and Mann-Whitney U test) and was also compared with FDG uptake in 33 patients without FNP (Mann-Whitney U test)...

Recent studies have shown that obesity and insulin resistance are associated with increased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (GU) in the brain. Thus, insulin sensitivity seems to work differently in the brain compared to the peripheral tissues like skeletal muscles, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Regular exercise training improves skeletal muscle and whole-body insulin sensitivity. However, the effect of exercise on glucose metabolism in the brain and internal organs is less well understood...

BACKGROUND: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a rare pediatric cancer. Most children are first diagnosed with advanced locoregional disease. Identification of patients at higher risk of treatment failure is crucial as they may benefit from more aggressive initial treatment approaches. 18 Fluorine-labeled fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18 F-FDG PET) has shown promise as a prognostic tool for predicting outcomes. METHODS: Retrospective study of pediatric patients with locally advanced undifferentiated NPC who underwent 18 F-FDG PET/CT prior to intial treatment...

PURPOSE: Because of atypical response imaging patterns in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs), new biomarkers are needed for a better monitoring of treatment efficacy. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the prognostic value of volume-derived positron-emission tomography (PET) parameters on baseline and follow-up 18 F-fluoro-deoxy-glucose PET (18 F-FDG-PET) scans and compare it with the conventional PET Response Criteria in Solid Tumors (PERCIST)...

BACKGROUND: Data-driven gated (DDG) PET has gained clinical acceptance and has been shown to match or outperform external-device gated (EDG) PET. However, in most clinical applications, DDG PET is matched with helical CT acquired in free breathing (FB) at a random respiratory phase, leaving registration, and optimal attenuation correction (AC) to chance. Furthermore, DDG PET requires additional scan time to reduce image noise as it only preserves 35%-50% of the PET data at or near the end-expiratory phase of the breathing cycle...

INTRODUCTION: Voxel-based dosimetry offers improved outcomes in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with transarterial radioembolization (TARE) using glass microspheres. However, the adaptation of voxel-based dosimetry to resin-based microspheres has been poorly studied, and the prognostic relevance of heterogeneous dose distribution remains unclear. This study aims to explore the use of dose-volume histograms for resin microspheres and to determine thresholds for objective metabolic response in HCC patients treated with resin-based TARE...

INTRODUCTION: Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (PanNENs) are characterized by a highly heterogeneous clinical and biological behavior, making their diagnosis challenging. PanNENs diagnostic work-up mainly relies on biochemical markers, pathological examination, and imaging evaluation. The latter including radiological imaging (i.e. computed tomography [CT] and magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]), functional imaging (i.e. 68Gallium [68 Ga]Ga-DOTA-peptide PET/CT and Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose [18F]FDG PET/CT), and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) with its associated procedures...

2-Deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose PET/computed tomography ([18F]FDG PET/CT) has proven to be a sensitive method for the detection and evaluation of hematologic malignancies, especially lymphoma. The increasing incidence and mortality rates of leukemia have raised significant concerns. Through the utilization of whole-body imaging, [18F]FDG PET/CT provides a thorough assessment of the entire bone marrow, complementing the limited insights provided by biopsy samples. In this regard, [18F]FDG PET/CT has the ability to assess diverse types of leukemia The utilization of [18F]FDG PET/CT has been found to be effective in evaluating leukemia spread beyond the bone marrow, tracking disease relapse, identifying Richter's transformation, and assessing the inflammatory activity associated with acute graft versus host disease...

INTRODUCTION: Whipple's disease is a rare condition that can present with atypical and non-specific features requiring a high index of suspicion for diagnosis. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case of a man in his 40s with peripheral arthritis and bilateral sacro-ileitis for 4-5 years that was treated with an anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy, which led to worsening of his symptoms, elevation of the inflammatory markers, and the development of fever, night sweats, anorexia, and a significant weight loss...

BACKGROUND: Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) predominantly affects adolescents aged 10-15 years and is distinguished by its high aggressiveness and adverse prognosis compared with other sarcomas. It exhibits a pronounced tendency for lymphatic and hematogenous metastases at early stages. ARMS commonly manifests in the limbs and genitourinary system, with occurrences in the head and neck region being relatively uncommon. The role of CT, MRI, and 18F-FDG positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CT) in the diagnostic process of ARMS is yet to be fully established...

BACKGROUND Marginal zone lymphoma is a low-grade, B-cell, non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Bone marrow involvement (BMI) of leukemia or lymphoma can usually be displayed in fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT) with high standardized uptake values (SUV), while diffuse homogeneous ¹⁸F-FDG bone marrow uptake (BMU) in PET/CT primarily reflects hyperplastic bone marrow status. This report is of a 74-year-old man presenting with anemia and a diagnosis of recurrent marginal zone lymphoma with bone marrow involvement identified with 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging and biopsy...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was evaluate the diagnostic performance of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TOC and [18 F]FDG PET/CT in patients with histologically proven neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), as well as the correlation of the visualized findings with the tumor grade. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We included 50 patients with NETs who underwent both [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TOC and [18 F]FDG PET/TC. The pooled sensitivity of both scans was compared, as well as [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TOC and [18 F]FDG for each tumor grade (grade 1/G1, grade 2/G2 and grade 3/G3)...

This case report highlights a case of extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma initially misdiagnosed as myositis, emphasizing the appearance on both MRI and FDG PET images. The patient presented with systemic symptoms and calf muscle swelling, prompting imaging studies that revealed diffuse muscle involvement. Despite negative myositis markers and inconclusive biopsy, post-amputation findings confirmed lymphoma with EBV positivity. The appearance in both MRI and FDG PET complicated the diagnostic process, underscoring the importance of considering lymphoma in cases of muscle-related symptoms to prevent delays in appropriate management...

Accurate diagnosis of lymph node (LN) metastasis is vital for prognosis and treatment in patients with breast cancer. Imaging 1modalities such as ultrasound (US), MRI, CT, and 18F-FDG PET/CT are used for preoperative assessment. While conventional US is commonly recommended due to its resolution and sensitivity, it has limitations such as operator subjectivity and difficulty detecting small metastases. This review shows the microanatomy of axillary LNs to enhance accurate diagnosis and the characteristics of contrast-enhanced US (CE-US), which utilizes intravascular microbubble contrast agents, making it ideal for vascular imaging...

PURPOSE: Pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor (PIP) is an inflammatory proliferative tumor-like lesion that frequently exhibits hypermetabolism on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging (PET/CT) and is readily misdiagnosed as a malignant tumor. The purpose of this study was to identify PIP by combining PET/computed tomography metabolic and blood test characteristics with machine learning. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We recruited 27 patients with PIP and 28 patients with lung cancer (LC)...

Frontal variant Alzheimer's disease (AD) manifests with either behavioral or dysexecutive syndromes. Recent efforts to gain a deeper understanding of this phenotype have led to a re-conceptualization of frontal AD. Behavioral (bAD) and dysexecutive (dAD) phenotypes could be considered subtypes, as suggested by both clinical and neuroimaging studies. In this review, we focused on imaging studies to highlight specific brain patterns in these two uncommon clinical AD phenotypes. Although studies did not compare directly these two variants, a common epicenter located in the frontal cortex could be inferred...

Though rare, autoimmune paraneoplastic and non-paraneoplastic chorea can be leading causes of adult-onset acute/subacute chorea. Here, we report a case of acute-onset chorea with suspected autoimmune-mediated mechanisms in a 79-year-old female who exhibited acute-onset choreiform movements on the right side of her body. She tested positive for anti-centromere antibodies (ACAs) without displaying symptoms of scleroderma. Blood sugar levels, genetic testing for Huntington's disease, and an antibody panel related to paraneoplastic neurological syndrome were unremarkable...