Urotelial cancer

OBJECTIVE: Tislelizumab, a monoclonal antibody against programed death protein-1 (PD-1), has shown encouraging antitumor activity in urothelial cancer. This study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of tislelizumab in urotelial cancer in a real-world setting. METHODS: The study was a real-world retrospective study undertaken at Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, China. Eligible patients were ≥18 years. Patients received 200-mg tislelizumab monotherapy intravenously every 3 weeks until the disease progressed to intolerable toxicity...

INTRODUCTION: Malignant tumors of the urinary tract are associated with high morbidity and mortality, and their prevalence can vary worldwide. Recently, the IDENTIFY study has published results on the prevalence of urinary tract cancer at a global level. This study evaluates the prevalence of cancer within the Spanish cohort of the IDENTIFY study to determine whether the published results can be extrapolated to our population. PATIENTS AND METHODS: An analysis of the data from the Spanish cohort of patients in the IDENTIFY study was performed...

OBJECTIVES: To assess the perioperative and long-term outcomes after open radical cystectomy in patients with histological variants versus pure urothelial carcinoma. METHODS: Patients with a variant histology carcinoma of the urinary bladder were matched through a propensity score analysis with those with pure urothelial carcinoma on a 1:3 ratio. The two groups were compared in terms of perioperative and long-term morbidity and mortality. RESULTS: Overall, 148 individuals were included in the present retrospective study (37 with variant histology and 111 with pure urothelial carcinoma)...

We present the case of a female patient with a history of high-grade urothelial carcinoma of the bladder with secondary lymph node and bone involvement, who presented with hematochezia, tenesmus and rectal pain one year after her oncological surgery. The abdomen and pelvis magnetic resonance image showed a 5 cm solid rectal lesion that stenosed the lumen and crossed the peritoneum, 6 cm away from the anal margin. The histology of this lesion reported an urothelial metastasis at the level of the lower rectum according to the patient's history...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the trend of incidence and survival stratified by age, race, gender and SES and the differences in time between groups in stage III-IV upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients. METHODS: 7,505 stage III-IV UTUC patients between 2004 and 2015 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. The overall survival (OS) and the cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier curve and log-rank test as well as multivariate Cox regression analysis...

INTRODUCTION: Lymphoepitheliomalikedifferentiation is a rare histological variant of urothelialbladder carcinoma, therefore its prognosis and treatmentare not clearly defined. A retrospective study of 5cases in the last 10 years in our center was performed. CASE REPORT: cystectomy was performed in 4 of5 because they were non-metastatic muscle-invasivetumors at diagnosis, in the 5th TURB + BCG because itwas non-muscle-invasive. 2 patients received chemotherapyand 1 adjuvant radiotherapy, and 1 immunotherapyafter relapse...

BACKGROUND: Approximately 5% to 10% of patients with Lynch syndrome develop urothelial carcinoma. Current screening recommendations vary and are based on expert opinion. Practices need to be evaluated for clinical effectiveness. Our program utilizes urinalysis as a screening test, followed by additional evaluation of microscopic hematuria. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the clinical utility of a urinalysis-based screening approach for urothelial cancers in patients with Lynch syndrome...

INTRODUCTION: We aimed to report the oncological outcomes of ESRD patients with histories of urological malignancies who were subsequently submitted to kidney transplantation (KT). MATERIAL AND METHOD: Retrospective study lead in the Puigvert Foundation (Barcelona) registry of 1,200 KT performed from 1988 to 2018. Eighty-five urological malignancies that were treated before KT in 81 patients were identified: 15 (18%) prostate cancers, 49 (58%) RCC, 19 (22%) urothelial carcinomas and 2 (2%) testicular cancers...

OBJECTIVE: Although an immediate postoperative instillation of chemotherapy (IPOIC) after transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBT) is recommended for the prevention of recurrences of non-muscleinvasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), evidence shows there is an important compliance failure worldwide. We believe that an immediate neoadjuvant instillation of chemotherapy (INAIC) can act similarly, reducing the recurrence risk of NMIBC. Here we present the interim analysis of the PRECAVE clinical trial...

Sr Director: Es sobradamente conocido que los pacientes que requieren cateterismos crónicos sufren, como complicaciones a largo plazo, infecciones del tracto urinario de repetición, formación de litiasis, restricción de su independencia y empeoramiento de la calidad de vida, e incluso aumento de incidencia de cáncer urotelial (1). El cateterismo intermitente limpio (SIL) es considerado por las principales guías clínicas (AEU, EAU) como el gold estándar para estos pacientes, aunque con fuerza débil de recomendación...

INTRODUCTION: We aimed to report the oncological outcomes of ESRD patients with histories of urological malignancies who were subsequently submitted to kidney transplantation (KT). MATERIAL AND METHOD: Retrospective study lead in the Puigvert Foundation (Barcelona) registry of 1,200 KT performed from 1988 to 2018. Eighty-five urological malignancies that were treated before KT in 81 patients were identified: 15 (18%) prostate cancers, 49 (58%) RCC, 19 (22%) urothelial carcinomas and 2 (2%) testicular cancers...

INTRODUCTION: Urethral or upper urinary tract (UUT) recurrence of urothelial carcinoma (UC) after radical cystectomy (RC) are rare (4-6%), and their diagnosis usually occurs within the first two years. Although it is known that its early detection offers benefit in terms of survival, currently there are no clear recommendations for the detection of recurrence in the remnant urothelium (RU). Our aim is to determine the diagnostic value of urinary cytology for the detection of recurrences in the RU and to estimate its impact as an early diagnostic method on survival...

INTRODUCTION: Urethral or upper urinary tract (UUT) recurrence of urothelial carcinoma (UC) after radical cystectomy (RC) are rare (4-6%), and their diagnosis usually occurs within the first two years. Although it is known that its early detection offers benefit in terms of survival, currently there are no clear recommendations for the detection of recurrence in the remnant urothelium (RU). Our aim is to determine the diagnostic value of urinary cytology for the detection of recurrences in the RU and to estimate its impact as an early diagnostic method on survival...

In the last decades, only few improvements have been made in the comprehension of bladder cancer tumor leading to few improvements in the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.However, in the last years several step forwards in the field of precision medicine have been made. In this review we focused on some of these elements such as the available biomarkers, the role of enhanced transurethral resection of the bladder and the role of the molecular classification in defining prognosis and therapeutic approaches in bladder cancer patients...

OBJECTIVE: Over the last 30 years researchon metastatic bladder cancer has been slow and limited to chemotherapy. Chemotherapy has provided high initial response rates but very few complete responses that remain overtime. Recently, European medical agency has granted approval to immunotherapy inmetastatic disease. We will review the clinical trials that drove to EMA approval as well as new promising therapies for metastatic bladder cancer. METHODS: A search on PubMed and clinicaltrials...

Radical cystectomy remains as gold standard for treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Radical cystectomy has a high morbidity and mortalityas sociated even with the new anesthetic and surgical techniques. Some patients are still not candidates for this major surgery. Besides, some patients reject radical cystectomy. Bladder preservation strategies were develop aiming to decrease morbidity and mortality related to major surgery. Bladder preservation allow for improved quality of life and similar oncologic control rates...

Therapeutic approaches for treatment of urothelial transitional cell carcinoma based on immune system modulation, as well as the contribution of intravesica Bacillus de Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and the recentin corporation of checkpoint inhibitors had found irrefutable proofs of concept for the indication of antitumoral immunontherapy in such tumors. Its extension and development at the present time covers all the locations of the wide spectrum of presentation and evolution of these tumors. Nowadays, apart for the low grade non muscle-invasive tumors, we are facingan unpredictable development of antitumoral immunotherapy in bladder cancer not only as an option in the primary treatment, but also in other scenarios such asnon-responders when it comes to BCG, or the situation of ineligibility for systemic chemotherapy indication...

Urachal adenocarcinoma represents the third most common histological type of non-urotelial bladder cancer. A very low incidence of this disease and the lack of prospective studies have led to a rich and heterogeneous treatment history. Currently, the standard of care for these patients is represented by partial cystectomy en bloc with resection of the urachal ligament and total omphalectomy. The aim of this article is to present our experience and results in the management of patients with urachal adenocarcinoma...

Predicting response to systemic treatments in breast cancer (BC) patients is an urgent, yet still unattained health aim. Easily detectable molecules such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the ideal biomarkers when they act as master regulators of many resistance mechanisms, or of mechanisms that are common to more than one treatment. These kinds of markers are pivotal in quasi-personalized treatment selection, and consequently, in improvement of outcome prediction. In order to provide a better approach to understanding development of disease and resistance to treatments, we reviewed current literature searching for lncRNA-associated systemic BC treatments including endocrine therapies, aromatase inhibitors, selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), trastuzumab, paclitaxel, docetaxel, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), anthracyclines, and cisplatin...

OBJECTIVE: To confirm gender specific differences in pathologic factors and survival rates of urothelial bladder cancer patients treated with radical cystectomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective monocentric study on 701 patients treated with radical cystectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy for muscle invasive bladder cancer. Impact of gender on recurrence rate, specific and non-specific mortality rate were evaluated using Cox regression models in univariate and multivariate analysis...