keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534434/allometric-growth-pattern-and-hunger-tolerance-of-hemibarbus-maculatus-bleeker-larvae
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Min Xie, Pengpeng Wang, Qi Deng, Si Liu, Zhou Zhang, Hao Wu, Jing Xiang, Jie Zhou, Xin Yang, Rui Song, Shaoming Li, Zhonggui Xie
To clarify the allometric growth pattern and hunger tolerance of Hemibarbus maculatus Bleeker larvae, the morphological lengths of their functional organs were measured continuously and their primary feeding rates under a state of starvation were studied. A control group and starvation group were set up for this study, and 10 larvae were sampled from each group every day in order to study their allometric growth pattern and starvation tolerance. The results indicated that the Hemibarbus maculatus larvae opened their mouths for feeding at 4 days after hatching, and that the yolk sac disappeared completely at 11 days after hatching...
March 3, 2024: Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533808/the-potential-effect-of-garlium-gem-hc-tm-as-a-tick-control-agent-in-cattle
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
F M Hagg, L J Erasmus, W H Stoltsz
As resistance to chemical acaricides increases amongst tick populations, investigations of natural remedies that have acaricidal or tick-repellent effects have become essential in the search for alternatives for sustainable tick control. Garlium GEM HC (Garlium), a natural concentrated garlic product, was supplemented in-feed to beef cattle to determine if it could assist in reducing the number of attached ticks on cattle. Two grams of Garlium was supplemented daily to eight Bonsmara steers over 43 days. A second group of eight steers served as controls...
March 26, 2024: Journal of the South African Veterinary Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533456/diving-into-the-zebrafish-brain-exploring-neuroscience-frontiers-with-genetic-tools-imaging-techniques-and-behavioral-insights
#23
REVIEW
O Doszyn, T Dulski, J Zmorzynska
The zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) is increasingly used in neuroscience research. Zebrafish are relatively easy to maintain, and their high fecundity makes them suitable for high-throughput experiments. Their small, transparent embryos and larvae allow for easy microscopic imaging of the developing brain. Zebrafish also share a high degree of genetic similarity with humans, and are amenable to genetic manipulation techniques, such as gene knockdown, knockout, or knock-in, which allows researchers to study the role of specific genes relevant to human brain development, function, and disease...
2024: Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532358/expansion-and-diversity-of-caspases-in-mytilus-coruscus-contribute-to-larval-metamorphosis-and-environmental-adaptation
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yanfei Cao, Linxiang Xu, Xinwei Xiong, Xiao Liu
BACKGROUND: Apoptosis is involved (directly and indirectly) in several physiological processes including tissue remodeling during the development, the turnover of immune cells, and a defense against harmful stimuli. The disordered apoptotic process participates in the pathogenesis of various diseases, such as neoplasms, and chronic inflammatory or systemic autoimmune diseases, which are associated with its inadequate regulation. Caspases are vital components of the apoptotic pathway that are involved in developmental and immune processes...
March 27, 2024: BMC Genomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532112/evaluation-of-farmers-friendly-ipm-modules-for-the-management-of-fall-armyworm-spodoptera-frugiperda-je-smith-in-maize-in-the-hot-semiarid-region-of-india
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mandla Rajashekhar, Banda Rajashekar, Thalla Prabhakar Reddy, Keerthi Manikyanahalli Chandrashekara, Kalisetti Vanisree, Kommagoni Ramakrishna, Vanam Sunitha, Ongolu Shaila, Eetela Sathyanarayana, Shahanaz, Somireddy Srinivasa Reddy, Adhi Shankar, Afifa Jahan, Padala Vinod Kumar, Maligi Jagan Mohan Reddy
Invasive alien species (IAS) pose a severe threat to global agriculture, with their impact projected to escalate due to climate change and expanding international trade. The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), a native of the Americas, has rapidly spread across various continents, causing significant damage to several food crops, especially maize. Integrated pest management (IPM) programs are vital for sustainable FAW control, combining multiple strategies for sustainable results. Over three consecutive years, 2019-20, 2020-21 and 2021-22, the field demonstrations were conducted in semiarid regions of India, testing a four-component IPM approach viz...
March 26, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532074/bacterial-vitamin-b6-is-required-for-post-embryonic-development-in-c-elegans
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Min Feng, Baizhen Gao, Daniela Ruiz, Luis Rene Garcia, Qing Sun
Nutritional intake influences animal growth, reproductive capacity, and survival of animals. Under nutrition deficiency, animal developmental arrest occurs as an adaptive strategy to survive. However, the nutritional basis and the underlying nutrient sensing mechanism essential for animal regrowth after developmental arrest remain to be explored. In Caenorhabditis elegans, larvae undergo early developmental arrest are stress resistant, and they require certain nutrients to recover postembryonic development...
March 26, 2024: Communications Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531462/edaravone-counteracts-redox-and-metabolic-disruptions-in-an-emerging-zebrafish-model-of-sporadic-als
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nuno A S Oliveira, Brígida R Pinho, Joana Pinto, Paula Guedes de Pinho, Jorge M A Oliveira
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease in which the death of motor neurons leads to loss of muscle function. Additionally, cognitive and circadian disruptions are common in ALS patients, contributing to disease progression and burden. Most ALS cases are sporadic, and environmental exposures contribute to their aetiology. However, animal models of these sporadic ALS cases are scarce. The small vertebrate zebrafish is a leading organism to model neurodegenerative diseases; previous studies have proposed bisphenol A (BPA) or β-methylamino-l-alanine (BMAA) exposure to model sporadic ALS in zebrafish, damaging motor neurons and altering motor responses...
March 24, 2024: Free Radical Biology & Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531319/sensory-ecology-uncovering-the-neural-basis-of%C3%A2-settlement-in-a-marine-larva
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alberto Stolfi
Marine larvae must sense various environmental cues to find a suitable spot where they can settle and metamorphose. New work identifies the specific neurons that transduce these cues in the larva of Ciona, a non-vertebrate chordate.
March 25, 2024: Current Biology: CB
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531303/photoactivated-9-methylacridine-destroys-midgut-tissues-of-aedes-aegypti-larvae-by-targeting-ros-mediated-apoptosis-in-the-mitochondrial-pathway-of-midgut-cells
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xian Xiao, Qiang Gao, Lan-Ying Wang, Yun-Fei Zhang, Yan-Ping Luo
An aromatic ring-containing compound with a wide range of biological activities, 9-methylacridine (AD-9-Me) is a precursor for the synthesis of various drugs. However, its photoactivation properties and mechanism of damage as a photo activator against Aedes aegypti are unknown. The toxic effects of AD-9-Me on Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were determined under light and non-light conditions. The results showed that the toxicity of AD-9-Me to mosquito larvae was significantly higher than that of the dark treatment after 24 h of light exposure; AD-9-Me was mainly distributed in the midgut of larvae, after 24 h of treatment, it can cause an increase in calcium ion concentration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) eruption and ROS accumulation by blocking the ROS elimination pathway in midgut cells...
March 20, 2024: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology. B, Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531109/evaluating-potential-developmental-toxicity-of-perfluoroalkyl-and-polyfluoroalkyl-substances-in-xenopus-laevis-embryos-and-larvae
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sigmund J Degitz, Philip P Degoey, Jonathan T Haselman, Jennifer H Olker, Emma H Stacy, Chad Blanksma, Scott Meyer, Kali Z Mattingly, Brett Blackwell, Anne S Opseth, Michael W Hornung
As part of the US Environmental Protection Agency's perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) Action Plan, the agency is committed to increasing our understanding of the potential ecological effects of PFAS. The objective of these studies was to examine the developmental toxicity of PFAS using the laboratory model amphibian species Xenopus laevis. We had two primary aims: (1) to understand the developmental toxicity of a structurally diverse set of PFAS compounds in developing embryos and (2) to characterize the potential impacts of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and hexafluoropropylene oxide-dimer acid (HFPO-DA a...
March 26, 2024: Journal of Applied Toxicology: JAT
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531044/magnetic-control-of-nonmagnetic-living-organisms
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ahmed Al Harraq, Min Feng, Hashir M Gauri, Ram Devireddy, Ankur Gupta, Qing Sun, Bhuvnesh Bharti
Living organisms inspire the design of microrobots, but their functionality is unmatched. Next-generation microrobots aim to leverage the sensing and communication abilities of organisms through magnetic hybridization, attaching magnetic particles to them for external control. However, the protocols used for magnetic hybridization are morphology specific and are not generalizable. We propose an alternative approach that leverages the principles of negative magnetostatics and magnetophoresis to control nonmagnetic organisms with external magnetic fields...
March 26, 2024: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530548/progress-in-polystyrene-biodegradation-by-insect-gut-microbiota
#32
REVIEW
Luhui Xu, Zelin Li, Liuwei Wang, Zihang Xu, Shulin Zhang, Qinghua Zhang
Polystyrene (PS) is frequently used in the plastics industry. However, its structural stability and difficulty to break down lead to an abundance of plastic waste in the environment, resulting in micro-nano plastics (MNPs). As MNPs are severe hazards to both human and environmental health, it is crucial to develop innovative treatment technologies to degrade plastic waste. The biodegradation of plastics by insect gut microorganisms has gained attention as it is environmentally friendly, efficient, and safe...
March 26, 2024: World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529200/impact-of-saussurea-lappa-against-foodborne-parasite-trichinella-spiralis-experimental-infections-induced-variation-in-dna-damage-oxidative-stress-and-pcna-expression-in-rat-skeletal-muscles
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Areej Jameel M Alghabban, Lamiaa Bakr, Aya A Elbatawy, Afaf El Atrash, Ehab Tousson
Trichinellosis is a parasite zoonosis that is spread through ingesting raw or undercooked meat that contains the Trichinella spiralis ( T. spiralis ) infective larvae. It has three clinical phases: intestinal, migratory, and muscular. Kuth root, also known as Costus (Saussurea lappa) roots, is used in many traditional medical systems all over the world to treat a variety of illnesses, such as dyspepsia, diarrhoea, vomiting, and inflammation. Current study assessed the therapeutic Potential of costus roots extract (CRE) treatment on experimental trichinellosis induce changes in DNA damage, oxidative stress and Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression in muscle fibers in male rats...
April 2024: Toxicology Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529182/shotgun-metagenomics-reveals-the-gut-microbial-diversity-and-functions-in-vespa-mandarinia-hymenoptera-vespidae-at-multiple-life-stages
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peng-Kai Yin, Huai Xiao, Zhi-Bin Yang, Da-Song Yang, Yin-He Yang
Wasps play important roles as predators and pollinators in the ecosystem. The Jingpo minority residing in Yunnan Province, China, has a traditional practice of using wine infused with mature wasps as a customary remedy for managing rheumatoid arthritis. The larva of the wasp is also a tasteful folk dish that has created a tremendous market. There is a paucity of survival knowledge, which has greatly restricted their potential applications in food and healthcare. Recent research has highlighted the importance of gut microbiota in insect growth...
2024: Frontiers in Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528107/the-complete-mitochondrial-genome-of-chibiraga-houshuaii-lepidoptera-limacodidae-and-its-phylogenetic-implications
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yanpeng Cai, Aihui Yin
Chibiraga is a mall East Asian genus in the family Limacodidae (slug-moths). The latter includes many agricultural pests. Mitochondrial genome analysis is an important tool for studying insect molecular identification and phylogenetics. However, there are very few mitogenome sequences available for Limacodidae species, and none for the genus Chibiraga at all. To explore the mitogenome features of Chibiraga and verify its phylogenetic position, the complete mitogenome of Chibiraga houshuaii was sequenced and annotated...
March 25, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527917/variable-gut-ph-as-a-potential-mechanism-of-tolerance-to-bacillus-thuringiensis-subsp-israelensis-toxins-in-the-biting-midge-culicoides-sonorensis
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cameron J Osborne, Tianyun Su, Kristopher S Silver, Lee W Cohnstaedt
BACKGROUND: Toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (Bti) are safer alternatives for controlling dipteran pests such as black flies and mosquitoes. The biting midge Culicoides sonorensis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) is an important pest of livestock in much of the United States and larval midges utilize semi-aquatic habitats which are permissive for Bti product application. Reports suggest that Bti products are ineffective at killing biting midges despite their taxonomic relation to black flies and mosquitoes...
March 25, 2024: Pest Management Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527598/exposure-to-the-antineoplastic-ifosfamide-alters-molecular-pathways-related-to-cardiovascular-function-increases-heart-rate-and-induces-hyperactivity-in-zebrafish-danio-rerio
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cole D English, Kira J Kazi, Isaac Konig, Emma Ivantsova, Christopher L Souders Ii, Christopher J Martyniuk
Ifosfamide is an alkylating antineoplastic drug used in chemotherapy, but it is also detected in wastewater. Here, the objectives were to (1) determine teratogenic, cardiotoxic, and mitochondrial toxicity potential of ifosfamide exposure; (2) elucidate mechanisms of toxicity; (3) characterize exposure effects on larval behavior. Survival rate, hatch rate, and morphological deformity incidence were not different amongst treatments following exposure levels up to 1000µg/L ifosfamide over 7 days. RNA-seq reveled 231 and 93 differentially expressed transcripts in larvae exposed to 1µg/L and 100µg/L ifosfamide respectively...
March 23, 2024: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526932/role-of-lgl1-in-cerebellar-primordium-of-embryonic-mice
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Congzhe Hou, Aizhen Zhang, Yecheng Jin, Chao Ye, Runze Li, Zhenhua Liu, Jiangang Gao
Lethal giant larvae 1 (LGL1) is originally recognized as a tumor suppressor, implicated in maintaining cell polarity in Drosophila and mammalian cells. Cell polarity plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis. We previously established Pax2-LGL1-/- conditional knockout mice but did not focus on the tumorigenesis in cerebellar primordium. HE staining was used to detect the morphological structure of the cerebellar primordium during early embryonic development in Pax2-LGL1-/- mice. Immunofluorescence assays were used to detect the expression of polar molecules...
March 4, 2024: Neuroreport
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525354/%C3%AF-on-ypsolopha-micromoths-lepidoptera-ypsolophidae-associated-with-adesmia-shrubs-fabaceae-in-the-arid-western-slope-of-the-central-andes
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Héctor A Vargas
Ypsolopha Latreille, 1796 (Lepidoptera, Ypsolophidae) is a genus comprised mostly of Holarctic micromoth species with a fairly broad range of larval hosts (e.g. Aceraceae, Rosaceae, and Fagaceae). The only previous record of herbivory on a representative of the South American genus Adesmia DC. (Fabaceae) was based on the discovery of Ypsolophamoltenii Vargas, 2018 larvae feeding on Adesmiaverrucosa Meyen in the Andes of northern Chile. Further surveys revealed Adesmiaatacamensis Phil. as another host for Y...
2024: ZooKeys
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525350/%C3%AF-description-of-immature-stages-of-rhinusa-species-coleoptera-curculionidae-mecinini-with-a-focus-on-diagnostic-morphological-characters-at-the-species-and-genus-levels
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rafał Gosik, Roberto Caldara, Ivo Toševski, Jiří Skuhrovec
The mature larvae of the following fourteen Rhinusa species are described and illustrated: Rhinusaantirrhini (Paykull, 1800), R.asellus (Gravenhorst, 1807), R.collina (Gyllenhal, 1813), R.eversmanni (Rosenschoeld, 1838), R.florum (Rubsaamen, 1895), R.herbarum (H. Brisout de Barneville, 1862), R.incana (Kirsch, 1881), R.linariae (Panzer, 1796), R.melas (Boheman, 1838), R.neta (Germar, 1821), R.pilosa (Gyllenhal, 1838), R.rara Toševski & Caldara, 2015, R.tetra (Fabricius, 1792), and R.vestita (Germar, 1821)...
2024: ZooKeys
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