Depression,

Depression and intimate partner violence (IPV) are highly related. However, it is unclear what drives this relationship: the form of violence (psychological, physical, or sexual) or its severity. In this study, we first identify patterns of combined forms and severity of violence and then estimate the effects of IPV on depression. We use the DHS and focus on Peru, a country with high IPV rates. Five classes of IPV were identified. The more intense the IPV class, the higher the effect on recent depression. However, the effect on depression tends to be smaller when levels of depression are higher...

INTRODUCTION: Online symptom checkers are a way to address patient concerns and potentially offload a burdened healthcare system. However, safety outcomes of self-triage are unknown, so we reviewed triage recommendations and outcomes of our institution's depression symptom checker. METHODS: We examined endpoint recommendations and follow-up encounters seven days afterward during 2 December 2021 to 13 December 2022. Patients with an emergency department visit or hospitalization within seven days of self-triaging had a manual review of the electronic health record to determine if the visit was related to depression, suicidal ideation, or suicide attempt...

The research was conducted to investigate the improvement of agitated behaviors, cognitive functions, and negative emotions among patients with senile dementia and the burden of caregivers after simulated presence therapy (SPT) intervention. 85 patients with senile dementia were included as the research subjects and divided into control group (40 cases performed with routine nursing) and observation group (45 cases undergoing routine nursing combined with SPT) via a random number table method. Cohen-Mansfield agitation inventory (CAMI) and protective constraint were used to assess the improvement of agitated behaviors among patients...

In a recent study based on the generalized mixed Yule coalescent method for delimiting species, a threshold of 2% genetic distance using cytochrome c oxidase subunit I sequences was used to delimit the species of Microglanis. That action resulted in assembling several populations of Microglanis from Atlantic coastal rivers between Rio Grande do Sul and São Paulo states as a single species, Microglanis cottoides, including Microglanis cibelae as a junior synonym. We reexamined these populations and found three species diagnosed by their morphology and that constitute separate mtDNA lineages, including a new species...

PURPOSE: An increasing number of studies have indicated the important role of cytokines in the development of depressive disturbances (DD). In medically ill patients, cytokines can provoked sickness behavior, the signs of which resemble DD. This results in alterations in behavior to limit energy expenditure and redirect it to cope with particular diseases. The aim of our study was to investigate the role of pro-inflammatory IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β and anti-inflammatory IL-10 and TGF-β in DD observed in patients suffering from pain caused by disk herniation (DH) qualified for surgery...

INTRODUCTION: Prostate cancer patients (PCP) often struggle with a significant emotional, physical, and social burden during the care-flow pathway. Noteworthy, PCP should not be considered a standalone patient, but someone who is connected with a relevant social environment and that is usually supported by a beloved one, the caregiver. The involvement of the caregivers through the care pathway might bring significant benefits both on the psychological and the treatment and decision-making side...

BACKGROUND: Irritable Bowel Syndrome has emerged as a significant public health challenge, particularly relevant in medical students due to the high demands of their studies, academic stress, and susceptibility to eating disorders. Nevertheless, conclusive evidence regarding the factors associated with Irritable Bowel Syndrome in the Latin American student population remains limited. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Human Medicine students at a university in northern Peru...

OBJECTIVES: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and sleep problems are highly prevalent among the general population. Both them are associated with a variety of psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety, which is highlighting an underexplored connection between them. This meta-analysis aims to explore the association between sleep problems and GERD. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive search on PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science, using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and keywords, covering articles from the inception of the databases until August 2023...

INTRODUCTION: Radiographic analysis is necessary for the assessment and the surgical planning in adults with spinal deformity (ASD). Restoration of global alignment is key to improving patient's quality of life. However, the large number of existing global alignment parameters can be confusing for surgeons. RESEARCH QUESTION: To determine the most clinically and functionally relevant global alignment parameters in ASD. MATERIAL AND METHODS: ASD and controls underwent full body biplanar X-ray to calculate global alignment parameters: odontoid to hip axis angle (OD-HA), global sagittal angle (GSA), global tilt (GT), SVA, center of auditory meatus to hip axis (CAM-HA), SSA, T1-tilt and T9-tilt...

Brain fog is one of the most well-known sequelae of long COVID. It causes cognitive problems, mostly short-term memory disturbances, attention impairments, and problems with concentration. Although trials for treatment methods for brain fog have been carried out worldwide, effective methods have not yet been reported. Neurofeedback is effective for several common disorders and symptoms, including anxiety, depression, headaches, and pain. Neurofeedback is also reported to improve cognitive functions, such as processing speed and executive functions, including attention, planning, organization, problem-solving, and performance...

Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a multifaceted disorder impacting the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), causing substantial discomfort and functional limitations. This systematic review aims to comprehensively assess the effectiveness of non-invasive treatment modalities for TMJ dysfunction, prioritizing a definitive protocol to ensure patient safety and enhance quality of life. Employing the PRISMA guidelines, we meticulously analyzed 20 studies from a pool of 1,417 articles sourced from databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Medline...

Dietary supplements (DSs) are used by a large number of people globally. It is widely believed that DSs can improve health, prevent diseases, and replenish vitamin and micronutrient deficiencies. We aimed to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with DS use among the Saudi population and the association between DS consumption and depressive symptoms.  Research methodology: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022. The questionnaire was distributed through an online mode among adult Saudis (18 years or older) living in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia...

Late-onset psychosis refers to the development of psychotic symptoms after the age of 40 and can encompass various conditions like schizophrenia, mood disorders with psychotic features, and delusional disorder. Non-pharmacological interventions are critically important in older adults with psychosis, especially considering the lack of evidence for the efficacy of antipsychotics and the high risk of side effects. Social isolation is recognized as one of the risks of late-onset psychosis, and interventions to eliminate this risk are becoming increasingly important in Japan, where social isolation among older people is widespread as society ages...

AIM: This study aimed to assess the health profile of patient-attendees visiting primary healthcare (PHC) practice settings in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic and to explore the relationships between multiple behavioral risk factors (MBRFs) and consultation-driven health information. Multiple behavioral risk factors involve a variety of unhealthy behaviors that are associated with an increased prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study design was based on a dataset analysis, afterward exploring the feasibility and diagnostic capacity of respiratory morbidity aspects from a study previously conducted...

Tardive dysphoria (TDp) is a phenomenon characterized by the delayed onset or worsening of depressive symptoms following the discontinuation or alteration of antidepressant medications. TDp is a recently defined, under-recognized, and understudied condition. We present a series of five TDp cases exploring the diverse presentations, management strategies, and associated medical conditions. In all the cases, TDp manifested after prolonged use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). All cases were successfully managed with atypical antidepressants...

The management of oral mucosal pain in Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), known for its severe mucocutaneous reactions, is a significant challenge due to the paucity of effective treatments reported in the literature. This case report aims to help fill this gap by describing the effective use of continuous intravenous fentanyl for the relief of severe oral mucosal pain in a patient with SJS. A patient with postoperative recurrence of cervical cancer developed SJS following chemotherapy. She had severe oral mucosal pain that was not relieved by 12...

Psychiatric polypharmacy involves the use of two or more psychotropic medications to manage a mental and emotional condition. The prevalence of psychotropic polypharmacy has been increasing since the 1990s and has been attributed to the rise in multiple psychiatric conditions presenting in one patient. However, as the prevalence of polypharmacy increases to maximize therapeutic advantages, so does the adverse effect profile of those drugs used in combination, leading to very life-threatening effects such as agranulocytosis...

BACKGROUND: The relationship between blood cell profiles, including hemoglobin (Hb) levels and inflammatory hematological ratios, and mental health problems currently remains unclear. AIM: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between blood cell profiles and mental health issues, including depressive state and sleep disturbance, while adjusting for potential demographic confounders. METHODOLOGY: This retrospective, cross-sectional, observational study used a population-based medical database from the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project with more than 60,000 volunteers...

INTRODUCTION: Physical activity influences psychological well-being. This study aimed to determine the impact of exercise intensity on psychological well-being and alterations in emotion-related brain functional connectivity (FC). METHODS: Twenty young, healthy, trained athletes performed a low- and high-intensity interval exercise (LIIE and HIIE) as well as a control condition in a within-subject crossover design. Before and after each condition, Positive And Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) was assessed as well as resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI)...

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on the mood of amateur runners and on their relationships with their partners and families. METHODS: Adult runners 18 years or older ( N  = 260) completed an online survey that included demographic information, standardized psychological assessments of Exercise Dependence (EDS-R) and mood (POMS), and, to measure relationship functioning, either the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) if they did not have children, or the Basic Family Evaluation Questionnaire (CERFB), measuring conjugal and parental relationships...