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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shannan N Rich, Ann Carpenter, Bree Dell, Rachel Henderson, Sydney Adams, Nicolette Bestul, Christopher Grano, Briana Sprague, Josh Leopold, Elizabeth K Schiffman, Andrea Lomeli, Hassan Zadeh, Jemma Alarcón, Umme-Aiman Halai, Yoon-Sung Nam, Leah Seifu, Sally Slavinski, David Crum, Emily Mosites, Johanna S Salzer, Alison F Hinckley, David W McCormick, Grace E Marx
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Louse-borne Bartonella quintana infection and flea-borne murine typhus are two potentially serious vector-borne diseases that have led to periodic outbreaks among people experiencing homelessness in the United States. Little is known about louse- and flea-borne disease awareness and prevention among staff who provide services to the population. We surveyed staff in seven US states to identify gaps in knowledge and prevention practices for these diseases. METHODS AND RESULTS: Surveys were administered to 333 staff at 89 homeless shelters and outreach teams in California, Colorado, Georgia, Maryland, Minnesota, New York and Washington from August 2022 to April 2023...
March 21, 2024: Zoonoses and Public Health
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
F Lin, Y Q Guo, Y L Wu, K M Li, Y M Zheng, L P Wang
Objective: To introduce the progress in research of rash and fever syndrome (RFS) surveillance and early warning both at home and abroad, and provide reference for surveillance and prevention of RFS in China. Methods: The keywords "fever" "rash" and "surveillance" and others were used for a literature retrieval by using China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, PubMed and Web of Science. The languages of literatures were limited in Chinese and English. The key information of the literatures were collected and analyzed with Excel...
March 10, 2024: Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue za Zhi, Zhonghua Liuxingbingxue Zazhi
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Phuti Sekwadi, Anthony Marius Smith, Wellington Maruma, Gift Mongologa, Grace Tsele, Mimmy Ngomane, Nomsa Tau, Shannon Williams, Bolele Disenyeng, Mahlaku Sebiloane, Leigh Johnston, Linda Erasmus, Juno Thomas
BACKGROUND: In South Africa, the annual incidence of enteric fever averaged 0.1 per 100 000 persons between 2003 and 2018. During 2021 an increase in the number of enteric fever cases was observed. An outbreak investigation was conducted to determine the magnitude and source of the outbreak. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional descriptive study. Data were collected through telephonic or face-to-face interviews with cases or proxies via a standardized case investigation form...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Antonio J Chemello, Casey C Fowler
UNLABELLED: AB5 -type toxins are a diverse family of protein toxins composed of an enzymatic active (A) subunit and a pentameric delivery (B) subunit. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi's typhoid toxin features two A subunits, CdtB and PltA, in complex with the B subunit PltB. Recently, it was shown that S . Typhi encodes a horizontally acquired B subunit, PltC, that also assembles with PltA/CdtB to produce a second form of typhoid toxin. S . Typhi therefore produces two AB5 toxins with the same A subunits but distinct B subunits, an evolutionary twist that is unique to typhoid toxin...
March 19, 2024: MBio
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nuclear factor kappa B-dependent persistence of Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi in human macrophages.
Taylor A Stepien, Larissa A Singletary, Fermin E Guerra, Joyce E Karlinsey, Stephen J Libby, Sarah L Jaslow, Margaret R Gaggioli, Kyle D Gibbs, Dennis C Ko, Michael A Brehm, Dale L Greiner, Leonard D Shultz, Ferric C Fang
UNLABELLED: Salmonella serovars Typhi and Paratyphi cause a prolonged illness known as enteric fever, whereas other serovars cause acute gastroenteritis. Mechanisms responsible for the divergent clinical manifestations of nontyphoidal and enteric fever Salmonella infections have remained elusive. Here, we show that S . Typhi and S . Paratyphi A can persist within human macrophages, whereas S . Typhimurium rapidly induces apoptotic macrophage cell death that is dependent on Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 (SPI2)...
March 18, 2024: MBio
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gianmarco Gasperini, Luisa Massai, Daniele De Simone, Maria Michelina Raso, Elena Palmieri, Renzo Alfini, Omar Rossi, Neil Ravenscroft, Michelle M Kuttel, Francesca Micoli
INTRODUCTION: Different serovars of Salmonella enterica cause systemic diseases in humans including enteric fever, caused by S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A, and invasive nontyphoidal salmonellosis (iNTS), caused mainly by S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis. No vaccines are yet available against paratyphoid fever and iNTS but different strategies, based on the immunodominant O-Antigen component of the lipopolysaccharide, are currently being tested. The O-Antigens of S. enterica serovars share structural features including the backbone comprising mannose, rhamnose and galactose as well as further modifications such as O-acetylation and glucosylation...
2024: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Florian Marks, Justin Im, Se Eun Park, Gi Deok Pak, Hyon Jin Jeon, Lady Rosny Wandji Nana, Marie-France Phoba, Lisette Mbuyi-Kalonji, Ondari D Mogeni, Biruk Yeshitela, Ursula Panzner, Ligia María Cruz Espinoza, Tigist Beyene, Michael Owusu-Ansah, Sampson Twumasi-Ankrah, Melese Yeshambaw, Ashenafi Alemu, Oluwafemi J Adewusi, Olukemi Adekanmbi, Ellen Higginson, Akinlolu Adepoju, Sarah Agbi, Enoch G Cakpo, Veronica O Ogunleye, Gaëlle Nkoji Tunda, Odion O Ikhimiukor, Jules Mbuyamba, Trevor Toy, Francis Opoku Agyapong, Isaac Osei, John Amuasi, Tsiriniaina Jean Luco Razafindrabe, Tiana Mirana Raminosoa, Gabriel Nyirenda, Njariharinjakampionona Randriamampionona, Hyeong Won Seo, Hyejin Seo, Mohamadou Siribie, Megan E Carey, Michael Owusu, Christian G Meyer, Ndrainaharimira Rakotozandrindrainy, Nimarko Sarpong, Mathilde Razafindrakalia, Ravomialisoa Razafimanantsoa, Moussa Ouedraogo, Yeonseon J Kim, Jooah Lee, Raphaël M Zellweger, Sophie S Y Kang, Ju Yeon Park, John A Crump, Liselotte Hardy, Jan Jacobs, Denise O Garrett, Jason R Andrews, Nimesh Poudyal, Deok Ryun Kim, John D Clemens, Stephen G Baker, Jerome H Kim, Gordon Dougan, Jonathan D Sugimoto, Sandra Van Puyvelde, Aderemi Kehinde, Oluwafemi A Popoola, Vittal Mogasale, Robert F Breiman, William R MacWright, Abraham Aseffa, Birkneh Tilahun Tadesse, Andrea Haselbeck, Yaw Adu-Sarkodie, Mekonnen Teferi, Abdramane Soura Bassiahi, Iruka N Okeke, Octavie Lunguya-Metila, Ellis Owusu-Dabo, Raphaël Rakotozandrindrainy
BACKGROUND: Typhoid Fever remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in low-income settings. The Severe Typhoid in Africa programme was designed to address regional gaps in typhoid burden data and identify populations eligible for interventions using novel typhoid conjugate vaccines. METHODS: A hybrid design, hospital-based prospective surveillance with population-based health-care utilisation surveys, was implemented in six countries in sub-Saharan Africa...
April 2024: Lancet Global Health
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rabab Batool, Zoya Haq Qamar, Rehana Abdus Salam, Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai, Per Ashorn, Farah Naz Qamar
BACKGROUND: Typhoid is a serious public health threat in many low-income and middle-income countries. Several vaccines for typhoid have been recommended by WHO for typhoid prevention in endemic countries. This study aimed to review the efficacy of typhoid vaccines against culture-confirmed Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, and Embase for studies published in English between Jan 1, 1986 and Nov 2, 2023...
April 2024: Lancet Global Health
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohan Kalaskar, Anjali Gavit, Srinivasan Prabhu, Manish Gagrani, Vinod Ugale, Saurabh Khadse, Muniappan Ayyanar, Sanjay Surana, Anilkumar Tatiya, Shailendra Gurav
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Trachyspermum roxburghianum (DC.) H. Wolff, commonly known as 'Ajamoda,' is a neglected Indian spice highly used in Ayurveda and folklore remedies as an antimicrobial for chronic wounds and discharges, along with a multitude of other disease conditions. AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of study was to explore chemical composition and to investigate the antioxidant, antimicrobial, analgesic, and wound healing activities of T. roxburghianum fruit essential oil from India...
March 12, 2024: Journal of Ethnopharmacology
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mustafa S Şahinoğlu, Sevil Alkan
INTRODUCTION: Salmonella Typhi continues to be a significant global public health concern. The objective of this study was to evaluate the literature pertaining to S. Typhi in lower-middle-income countries from 1990 to April 31, 2023. METHODOLOGY: The bibliographic data was collected from the Web of Science database. Various bibliometric tools were utilized to conduct bibliometric analysis and visualization. Numerous bibliometric parameters were assessed, including the top publishing organizations, countries, institutions, authors, journals with the highest publication output, citation counts, commonly used keywords, and emerging research topics...
February 29, 2024: Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Noor Ul Huda, Muhammad Sohail, Zulfiqar Ali Mirani, Qurat Ul Ain Hyder, Saeed Khan
INTRODUCTION: Extensively drug resistant (XDR) strains of the Salmonella lineages have been reported to spread from Africa to South Asia. XDR strains are resistant to fluoroquinolones, chloramphenicol, co-trimoxazole, and ampicillin, resulting in treatment failure. The objectives of this study included the investigation of transmission of S. Typhi lineages and the identification of the potentially contaminated sources of the XDR typhoid outbreak from different urban areas by using molecular techniques...
February 29, 2024: Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ganga S Moorthy, Matthew P Rubach, Michael J Maze, Regina P Refuerzo, Gabriel M Shirima, AbdulHamid S Lukambagire, Rebecca F Bodenham, Shama Cash-Goldwasser, Kate M Thomas, Philoteus Sakasaka, Nestory Mkenda, Thomas R Bowhay, Jamie L Perniciaro, William L Nicholson, Gilbert J Kersh, Rudovick R Kazwala, Blandina T Mmbaga, Joram J Buza, Venance P Maro, Daniel T Haydon, John A Crump, Jo E B Halliday
BACKGROUND: In northern Tanzania, Q fever, spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsioses, and typhus group (TG) rickettsioses are common causes of febrile illness. We sought to describe the prevalence and risk factors for these zoonoses in a pastoralist community. METHODS: Febrile patients ≥2 years old presenting to Endulen Hospital in the Ngorongoro Conservation Area were enrolled from August 2016 through October 2017. Acute and convalescent blood samples were collected, and a questionnaire was administered...
March 13, 2024: Tropical Medicine & International Health
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Raj Kumar Shrestha, Dhruba Shrestha, Ashok Kumar Sah, Ashmita Thapa, Nipun Shrestha, Ganendra Bhakta Raya, Kenshi Furushima, Bhim Gopal Dhoubhadel, Christopher M Parry
OBJECTIVES: Data on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among children in Nepal are limited. Here we have characterized the causes of bacterial bloodstream infections (BSIs), antimicrobial resistance patterns and the mechanisms of β-lactamase production in Enterobacterales among children attending outpatient and inpatient departments of a secondary care paediatric hospital in Nepal. METHODS: We retrospectively collected demographic and clinical data of culture-proven bacterial BSIs between January 2017 and December 2022 among children <18 years attending a 50-bedded paediatric hospital...
April 2024: JAC-antimicrobial resistance
#34
REVIEW
Valentina Maggini, Giulia Semenzato, Eugenia Gallo, Alessia Nunziata, Renato Fani, Fabio Firenzuoli
The use of natural compounds to prevent and treat infective diseases is increasing its importance, especially in the case of multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms-mediated infections. The drug resistance phenomenon is today a global problem, so it is important to have available substances able to counteract MDR infections. Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry (commonly called clove) is a spice characterized by several biological properties. Clove essential oil (EO) consists of numerous active molecules, being eugenol as the principal component; however, other compounds that synergize with each other are responsible for the biological properties of the EO...
February 25, 2024: Molecules: a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuying Fan, Wenzhu Zhou, Guili Li, Xuesong Liu, Peng Zhong, Kexin Liu, Yun Liu, Dong Wang
The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of dietary administration of sodium humate (HNa) and its zinc and selenium chelate (Zn/Se-HNa) in mitigating Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhi) induced intestinal injury in broiler chickens. Following the gavage of 109 CFU S. Typhi to 240 broilers from 21-d to 23-d aged, various growth performance parameters such as body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed ratio (FCR) were measured before and after infection...
February 15, 2024: Poultry Science
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yeou-Lin Hsueh, Hsiang-Fei Chen, Mei-Chun Chang, Tsai-Ying Yen, Chien-Ling Su, Hsien-Chun Chiu, Huai-Chin Hu, Ya-Ting Chung, Pei-Yun Shu, Su-Lin Yang
Murine typhus is a flea-borne disease caused by Rickettsia typhi infection. The disease is a notifiable infectious disease in Taiwan. Specimens from suspected cases are required to be sent to the Taiwan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for laboratory diagnosis. In this study, 204 cases of murine typhus were identified by bacterial isolation, real-time polymerase chain reaction, or indirect immunofluorescence assay between 2013 and 2020. The average incidence rate was 0.11/100,000 person-years (95% CI: 0...
March 12, 2024: American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kun Xiong, Luxin Deng, Zhan Li, Haiyan Gong, Jie Chen, Mintao Huang, Xiancai Rao, Yanguang Cong
Multiple TonB dependent transporters (TBDTs) contribute to bacterial virulence due to the importance roles that their substrates play in bacterial growth, and possess vaccine potential. A putative TBDT, YncD, had been identified as one of in vivo induced antigens during human infection of typhoid fever, and is required for the pathogenicity of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi. The present study was aimed to determine the function and immunogenicity of YncD. Homologous recombination method was used to construct an yncD-deletion mutant and cirA-iroN-fepA-deletion mutant from the wild-type S...
March 12, 2024: World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Balamurugan Rishen Narayan Dev, Selva Raju Kishan Raj, Suresh V Chinni, Marimuthu Citartan
UNLABELLED: The Serratia marcescens is a Gram-negative bacterium from the Enterobacteriaceae family. Recently, S. marcescens have evolved to become a versatile and opportunistic pathogen. Furthermore, this bacterium is also a multi-drug resistant pathogen exhibiting Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBL) activity. This bacterium is highly associated with infections in healthcare settings and even leads to death. Hence, an advanced approach based on non-protein coding RNA (npcRNA) of S...
March 2024: Indian Journal of Microbiology
#39
Ermira Muco, Arta Karruli, Anjeza Dajlani, Arjana Zerja, Artan Bego
BACKGROUND: Rickettsioses are infectious diseases which are caused by intracellular bacteria which belong to the family Rickettsiaceae. This zoonosis endemically prefers tropical and subtropical regions of which the Mediterranean is included. Murine typhus is a type of rickettsial disease that commonly presents with undulating fever, headache rash, chills, malaise, and myalgias. It can lead to complications such as multi-organ failure and has a lethality rate of <5% in such cases. CASE PRESENTATION: A 70-year-old male was hospitalized at the Unit of Infectious Diseases, Mother Teresa Hospital, Tirana, Albania in a comatose condition...
2024: Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine
#40
REVIEW
Lucas da Costa Schwenck, Paula Alvarez Abreu, Rodrigo Nunes-da-Fonseca
Spiders produce webs, which are still a largely unexplored source of antibacterial compounds, although the reports of its application in the medical field. Therefore, this study aims to present an integrative review of the antibacterial activity of spider webs. The research was conducted using Google Scholar, Scielo, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Medline EBSCO, LILACS, and Embase. The inclusion criteria were original articles written in English that studied the antibiotic properties of the web or isolated compounds tested...
March 9, 2024: Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins
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