Salter-harris

It is estimated that approximately one in ten school-aged children experience sports-related injuries annually. These injuries are most common at 12 years of age. Boys are more likely to get injured and more likely to get seriously injured than girls. The probability of injury is greater in contact or high-impact sports, with American soccer accounting for the largest number of injuries, followed by wrestling, basketball, soccer, and baseball. In certain sports, such as horseback riding, women are four times more likely to sustain injuries...

INTRODUCTION: Proximal tibia physeal fractures in children are not very common but can be dangerous because they can harm popliteal fossa structures, especially the popliteal artery. Popliteal artery injuries (PAI) are most commonly the result of trauma to the lower extremity, including blunt force, hyperextension injuries, complex fractures, and knee dislocations that can compromise popliteal neurovascular structures. Case Presentation. A 14-year-old boy presents to the emergency department after being transferred from an outside hospital 24 hours after a left lower extremity hyperextension injury...

PURPOSE: To show a correlation between grade of physeal closure and fracture pattern in adolescent transitional distal radius fractures. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed of 490 distal radius fractures, ages 14 to 18, at a single institution between 2007 and 2020. A board-certified orthopaedic hand surgeon reviewed all images. Thirty-six distal-radius fractures were considered adolescent transitional fractures. The review included Salter-Harris classification, fracture fragments, and grade of physeal closure...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to assess the rate of distal ulnar growth arrest following physeal fracture and to identify specific risk factors for premature physeal closure. METHODS: A retrospective review of patients with a distal ulnar physeal fracture was performed at a single United States children's hospital. Patients without 6-month follow-up were excluded. Patient demographics, injury characteristics, treatment, and outcomes were abstracted. Fractures were classified by the Salter-Harris (SH) system...

BACKGROUND: Proximal humerus fractures account for 2% of all pediatric fractures. A nonoperative approach is the treatment of choice for most of these fractures; however, debates continue regarding the treatment of displaced fractures, especially in adolescents. In this study, we aimed to examine demographic data and treatment strategies for proximal humerus fractures in the pediatric population by conducting a meta-analysis. Additionally, we investigated the preferred surgical technique for operative treatment...

INTRODUCTION: Osteopetrosis is a rare genetic disorder characterized by increased bone density. This condition is clinically manifested with a brittle intramedullary structure and reduced bone toughness, increasing the risk of fracture. A limited case has been reported on the management of physeal fracture in patients with osteopetrosis. The objective of this study is to report a rare osteopetrosis patient who sustains Salter-Harris II at the distal tibia with its long-term follow-up along with its literature review...

INTRODUCTION: Tibial plateau fractures are recognized as one of the most challenging orthopedic injuries, especially when encountered in adults with unfused growth plates. The rarity of such cases makes them significant for study and discussion. IMPORTANCE: The presence of an open growth plate in adult patients can significantly influence both treatment decisions and outcomes. Understanding these unique cases is vital, as they offer insights into managing similar future cases and advancing orthopedic care...

INTRODUCTION: Traditionally children who presented with a stable ankle injury have been managed in a below-knee synthetic cast. No previous study has investigated patient and parents/carer preference between synthetic casts and walker boots. METHODS: Children aged between 6 and 16 years who presented with stable ankle injuries (ankle sprains, small fragment avulsions, and fibular Salter-Harris 1 injuries) were randomized to receive treatment with either a synthetic cast or a walker boot...

OBJECTIVE:  To report a modified intramedullary pinning technique, and associated outcomes, for distal femoral physeal Salter-Harris type I and II fracture management in cats. STUDY DESIGN:  Retrospective study including client-owned cats presented between November 2014 and February 2022 with distal femoral physeal fractures treated with an intramedullary pin and one antirotational pin inserted in the lateral femoral condyle. Collected data included signalment, fracture characteristics according to the Salter-Harris classification, surgical data (intramedullary and antirotational pin sizes), and outcome data (radiographic and functional outcomes and complications)...

We present a case of a 16-year-old male with a Salter-Harris type II physeal slip of the distal femur managed with closed reduction and K wire and clamp-based external fixator. Knee range of motion exercises were initiated after one week. The union was observed at 10 weeks, and implant removal was done on an outpatient basis. At one year follow-up, the patient had good clinical and radiological outcomes. The K-wire-based external fixator frame is an effective fixation method for distal femur physeal slips in older children, providing favorable radiological and functional outcomes...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Floating knee injury is a rare injury that involves a simultaneous fracture of the femur and tibia. It is more common among young men and is generally caused by high-speed blows. Down syndrome is a chromosomal disorder associated with various musculoskeletal conditions. Children with Down syndrome have generalized ligamentous laxity, joint hypermobility, and hypotonia, leading to musculoskeletal conditions such as atlantoaxial instability, hip instability, and patellar instability...

PURPOSE: In childhood and adolescence, cross-sectional imaging, most commonly computed tomography (CT), is often performed for advanced diagnosis of joint injuries of the distal lower leg and upper ankle. Due to radiation exposure, the need for CT remains controversial, as these injuries follow stereotypies and usually have a similar course. Alternatively, the performance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is also discussed. Since radiation sensitivity at this young age is much higher than in adults, an effort must be to minimize radiation exposure according to as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) principles...

OBJECTIVE: Distal femoral physeal fractures (DFPF) are rare but severe injuries in children, and there is no consensus on treatments for Salter-Harris (S-H) IV and V type of DFPF yet. This study aimed to introduce a minimally invasive technique using percutaneous leverage reduction combined with Kirschner wires fixation in treating pediatric DFPF with S-H IV and V type of injury and evaluate the clinical results. METHODS: From July 2008 to June 2018, the authors' institute (Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College) retrospectively reviewed all patients diagnosed with pediatric DFPF...

INTRODUCTION: Epiphyseal separation of the distal humeral epiphysis is an extremely rare injury. Both clinical and radiological examinations are unclear and delayed diagnosis is reported. The absence of the ossification center of the capitellum complicates the radiological diagnosis and often it is reported as elbow dislocation. CASE REPORT: We are reporting a case of a distal humeral epiphysis separation, diagnosed in the maternity hospital. The neonate had severe discomfort and reduced mobility of the affected arm...

Growth plate injuries over the distal femur typically occur due to high-energy trauma. It is commonly associated with serious complications such as growth disturbance. Its occurrence in children undergoing limb-lengthening procedures is uncommon. We report a case of distal femur growth plate injury in a 13-year-old boy undergoing a limb-lengthening procedure for femoral hypoplasia. Conservative treatment yielded a good functional outcome in this patient.

OBJECTIVES: To assess factors affecting the loss of reduction (LOR) in a large cohort of children with Salter-Harris Type II (SH II) distal radius physeal fractures treated with closed reduction. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: Pediatric Level I Trauma Center. PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS: A total of 141 pediatric patients (73% male, average age: 12.15 ± 2.55 years) that had undergone closed reduction and casting for distal radius physeal fractures from 2006 to 2019 were included in this study...

PURPOSE: The modified Kapandji technique has been proposed for fracture reduction in pediatric displaced distal radius fractures (DDRFs), but evidence is sparse. The purpose of this study was to evaluate our outcomes and complications, critically and systematically, when performing the modified Kapandji technique in pediatric DDRFs. Using this technique since 2011, we asked: (1) What is the quality of fracture reduction using this technique? (2) How stable is fracture alignment with this technique? (3) What are the postoperative complications and complication rates? METHODS: Retrospective observational study of 195 pediatric patients treated with the modified Kapandji technique...

BACKGROUND: There are no formal practice guidelines for the surgical management of closed, Salter-Harris (SH) II distal tibia fractures. The purpose of this study was to survey the indications for operative and nonoperative management of this injury across pediatric tertiary care centers. METHODS: We surveyed pediatric orthopedic surgeons at 20 tertiary care level-1 pediatric trauma centers. Surgeons were provided with 16 clinical scenarios that varied based on patient age and sex, and highlighted the following surgical indications: translation <3 mm, translation ≥3 mm, sagittal plane angulation >5 degrees, and coronal plane angulation >5 degrees...

CASE HISTORIES: Three dogs and one cat sustained forelimb trauma and were presented to a university veterinary clinic (Liège, Belgium) and a private veterinary hospital (Beacouzé, France). All four animals were referred for surgery. CLINICAL FINDINGS: Two dogs and the cat were ambulatory on admission but unable to bear weight on the affected limb. One dog was non-ambulatory and lacked voluntary movement and sensation in one forelimb. Salter-Harris type II fractures of the distal humerus were diagnosed by radiography in all cases; avulsion of the brachial plexus and pelvic fractures were also present the non-ambulatory dog...

PURPOSE: Pediatric proximal tibial fractures (PTF) are rare but potentially debilitating. So far, no system for guiding surgical treatment based on injury-force mechanism has been documented, while adult tibial plateau fractures have benefited greatly from such an approach. This study reviews the diagnosis and treatment experience at a tertiary trauma center and introduces the reduction-traction method. METHODS: Pediatric patients (0-17 years old) diagnosed with PTF were identified in the hospital database from 2017 to 2021...