nis cancer

Background Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) can improve detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). Purpose To compare mpMRI score subgroups to systematic transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsies (TRUSbx) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-based findings for detection of csPCa in men undergoing repeat biopsies. Material and Methods MpMRI was performed prior to re-biopsy in 289 prospectively enrolled patients. All underwent repeat TRUSbx followed by targeted biopsies (MRITB) of any mpMRI-identified lesion...

OBJECTIVE: Patients with end-stage liver disease (ESLD) often have a high symptom burden. Historically, palliative care (PC) services have been underutilized in this population. We investigated the use of PC services in patients with ESLD hospitalized across the United States. METHODS: We utilized the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) to conduct a retrospective nationwide cohort analysis. All patients >18 years of age admitted with ESLD, defined as those with at least two liver decompensation events, were included in the analysis...

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study was to compare the prostate cancer (PCa) detection rate of systematic transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsies (TRUS-bx) and multiparametric-MRI targeted biopsies (mp-MRI-bx) in a repeat biopsy setting and evaluate the clinical significance following an "MRI-targeted-only" approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with prior negative biopsies underwent prostatic multiparametric-MRI that was scored using the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) classification...

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to determine if racial disparities in inpatient outcomes persist among hospitalized patients comparing African American and White breast cancer patients matched on demographics, presentation and treatment. METHODS: A total of 136,211 African American and White breast cancer patients from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project - Nationwide Inpatient Sample (HCUP-NIS) database, matched on demographics alone, demographics and presentation or demographics, presentation and treatment were studied...

Diagnostic whole-body scan is a standard procedure in patients with thyroid cancer prior to the application of a therapeutic dose of (131)I. Unfortunately, administration of the radioisotope in a diagnostic dose may decrease further radioiodine uptake-the phenomenon called "thyroid stunning". We estimated radiation absorbed dose-dependent changes in genetic material, in particular in the sodium iodide symporter (NIS) gene promoter, and the NIS protein level in a K1 cell line derived from the metastasis of a human papillary thyroid carcinoma exposed to (131)I in culture...

Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the endocrine system and the incidence has been increasing in recent years. In a great part of the differentiated carcinomas, thyrocytes are capable of uptaking iodide. In these cases, the main therapeutic approach includes thyroidectomy followed by ablative therapy with radioiodine. However, in part of the patients, the capacity to concentrate iodide is lost due to down-regulation of the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS), the protein responsible for transporting iodide into the thyrocytes...

BACKGROUND: The role of gene-environment interactions in the pathogenesis of depression is unclear. Previous studies addressed vulnerability for depression after childhood adversity and stressful life events among carriers of numerous specific genetic variants; however, the importance of individual genetic variants, the environmental exposures with which they interact, and the magnitude of the risk conveyed by these interactions remain elusive. METHODS: We included 7,320 people with a first primary cancer identified in the prospective Diet, Cancer and Health study in an exposed-only cohort study...

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate whether a short prostate biparametric magnetic resonance imaging (bp-MRI) protocol provides a valuable diagnostic addition for biopsy guidance in biopsy-naive men with a suspicion of prostate cancer (PCa). METHODS: A total of 62 biopsy-naive patients referred to a systematic transrectal ultrasound biopsy (TRUS-bx) due to suspicion of PCa were prospectively enrolled. Bp-MRI was performed before biopsy...

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer radiotherapy increases the risk of heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Cardiomyocytes are highly radio-resistant but radiation specifically affects coronary microvascular endothelial cells with subsequent microvascular inflammation and rarefaction. The effects of radiation on left ventricular (LV) diastolic function are poorly characterized. We hypothesized that cardiac radiation exposure may result in diastolic dysfunction without reduced EF...

PURPOSE: Aberrant expression of human sodium iodide symporter (NIS) in breast cancer (BC) is well documented but the transcription factors (TF) regulating its aberrant expression is poorly known. We identify the presence of three p53 binding sites on the human NIS promoter sequence by conducting genome-wide TF analysis, and further investigate their regulatory role. METHODS: The differences in transcription and translation were measured by real-time PCR, luciferase reporter assay, site-directed mutagenesis, in vivo optical imaging, and chromatin immunoprecipitation...

Radioiodine uptake in the thyroid tissue, metastasis of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), and in other tissues, depends on the expression of sodium-iodide symporter (NIS). Vascular permeability, effusions, inflammation, and other mechanisms may also play a role in the accumulation of radioactive iodine. A 63-year-old woman underwent radioiodine therapy, as well as a post-therapy whole-body scan,as she was suspected of having lung metastasis from thyroid carcinoma. The scan not only showed uptake at the lung metastasis but also a faint diffuse bilateral uptake in the posterior thorax...

Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is a negative-stranded RNA virus that naturally causes disease in livestock including horses, cattle and pigs. The two main identified VSV serotypes are New Jersey (VSNJV) and Indiana (VSIV). VSV is a rapidly replicating, potently immunogenic virus that has been engineered to develop novel oncolytic therapies for cancer treatment. Swine are a natural host for VSV and provide a relevant and well-established model, amenable to biological sampling to monitor virus shedding and neutralizing antibodies...

BACKGROUND: A diagnosis of breast cancer disrupts the life of the patient, but also the partner may experience adverse psychological effects. We examined partners' risk for first use of antidepressant medication, as a proxy for pharmacologically treated depression. METHODS: By linkage of national registers, we identified 1,420,592 depression-free men living with a cancer-free female partner in 1998-2011. During follow-up, breast cancer was diagnosed in female partners of 26,256 men...

AIMS: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is an important etiologic and prognostic factor for pancreatic cancer, but few studies have assessed health outcomes among hospitalized pancreatic cancer patients. We examined the associations between MetS and in-hospital outcomes, i.e. pancreatic resection, post-surgery complications, in-hospital mortality and discharge disposition among hospitalized patients with pancreatic cancer. METHODS: Using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) dataset from 2007 to 2011, we obtained data on 47,386 patients hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of pancreatic cancer...

OBJECTIVE: Visceral artery aneurysms (VAAs) are rare but often repaired because of dire consequences of rupture. This is a population-based evaluation of chronologic trends in management, risk factors, and outcomes of endovascular and open therapy. METHODS: The 2003 to 2013 Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database was reviewed. Cases with primary diagnosis of VAA and undergoing endovascular or open repair were identified...

Importance: Vena cava filter (VCF) placement for pulmonary embolism (PE) prophylaxis in trauma is controversial. Limited research exists detailing trends in VCF use and occurrence of PE over time. Objective: To analyze state and nationwide temporal trends in VCF placement and PE occurrence from 2003 to 2015 using available data sets. Design, Setting, and Participants: A retrospective trauma cohort study was conducted using data from the Pennsylvania Trauma Outcome Study (PTOS) (461 974 patients from 2003 to 2015), the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) (5 755 095 patients from 2003 to 2014), and the National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample (NIS) (24 449 476 patients from 2003 to 2013) databases...

BACKGROUND: Recent studies show increases in cervical spine surgery prevalence and cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) diagnoses in the US. However, few studies have examined outcomes for CSM surgical management, particularly on a nationwide scale. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate national trends from 2001 to 2010 for CSM patient surgical approach, postoperative outcomes, and hospital characteristics. METHODS: A retrospective nationwide database analysis provided by the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) including CSM patients aged 25+ who underwent anterior and/or posterior cervical fusion or laminoplasty from 2001 to 2010...

The aim of the present study was to clarify whether the cell penetrating peptide of sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) has an effect on the I-131 radiotherapy of thyroid cancer. Firstly, we combined the HIV-1 TAT peptide (a cell penetrating peptide, dTAT) and established a nanoparticle vector (dTAT NP) to study the delivery efficiency of this cell-penetrating strategy for tumor-targeted gene delivery. dTAT NP was transfected into cultured TPC-1 cells as a model to study the effects of I-131 radiotherapy on thyroid cancer...

Cancer cell metastasis is responsible for most cancer deaths. Non-invasive in vivo cancer cell tracking in spontaneously metastasizing tumor models still poses a challenge requiring highest sensitivity and excellent contrast. The goal of this study was to evaluate if the recently introduced PET radiotracer [(18)F]tetrafluoroborate ([(18)F]BF4(-)) is useful for sensitive and specific metastasis detection in an orthotopic xenograft breast cancer model expressing the human sodium iodide symporter (NIS) as a reporter...

BACKGROUND: Nonviral polymer-based gene transfer represents an adaptable system for tumor-targeted gene therapy because various design strategies of shuttle systems, together with the mechanistic concept of active tumor targeting, lead to improved gene delivery vectors resulting in higher tumor specificity, efficacy and safety. METHODS: Using the sodium iodide symporter (NIS) as a theranostic gene, nonviral gene delivery vehicles based on linear polyethylenimine (LPEI), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and coupled to the synthetic peptide B6 (LPEI-PEG-B6), which specifically binds to tumor cells, were investigated in a hepatocellular carcinoma xenograft model for tumor selectivity and transduction efficiency...