keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38246249/deep-learning-auto-segmentation-network-for-pediatric-computed-tomography-data-sets-can-we-extrapolate-from-adults
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kartik Kumar, Adam U Yeo, Lachlan McIntosh, Tomas Kron, Greg Wheeler, Rick D Franich
PURPOSE: Artificial intelligence (AI)-based auto-segmentation models hold promise for enhanced efficiency and consistency in organ contouring for adaptive radiation therapy and radiation therapy planning. However, their performance on pediatric computed tomography (CT) data and cross-scanner compatibility remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of AI-based auto-segmentation models trained on adult CT data when applied to pediatric data sets and explore the improvement in performance gained by including pediatric training data...
January 19, 2024: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38238969/associations-of-adipocyte-derived-versican-and-macrophage-derived-biglycan-with-body-adipose-tissue-and-hepatosteatosis-in-obese-children
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Reyhan Deveci Sevim, Mustafa Gök, Özge Çevik, Ömer Erdoğan, Sebla Güneş, Tolga Ünüvar, Ahmet Anık
OBJECTIVE: In animal models of obesity, adipocyte-derived versican, and macrophage-derived biglycan play a crucial role in mediating adipose tissue inflammation. We aimed to investigate the levels of versican and biglycan in obese children and their potential association with body adipose tissue and hepatosteatosis. METHODS: Serum levels of versican, biglycan, IL-6, and hsCRP were measured using the ELISA method. The fat deposition in the liver, spleen, and subcutaneous adipose tissue was calculated using the IDEAL-IQ sequences of MRI...
January 18, 2024: Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38234297/-intranasal-administration-of-sugarcane-ash-causes-chronic-kidney-disease-in-rats
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carlos A Roncal-Jimenez, Keegan L Rogers, Arthur Stem, Julia Wijkstrom, Annika Wernerson, Jacob Fox, Ramon Garcia Trabanino, Stephen Brindley, Gabriela Garcia, Makoto Miyazaki, Shinobu Miyazaki-Anzai, Fumihiko Sasai, Manuel Urra, Gabriel Cara-Fuentes, L Gabriela Sánchez-Lozada, Bernardo Rodriguez-Iturbe, Jaime Butler Dawson, Magdalena Madero, Jared M Brown, Richard J Johnson
Background. Silica nanoparticles found in sugarcane ash have been postulated to be a toxicant contributing to chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu). However, while the administration of manufactured silica nanoparticles is known to cause chronic tubulointerstitial disease in rats, the effect of administering sugarcane ash on kidney pathology remains unknown. Here we investigate whether sugarcane ash can induce CKD in rats. Methods . Sugarcane ash was administered for 13 weeks into the nares of rats (5 mg/day for 5d/week), and blood, urine and kidney tissues were collected at 13 weeks (at the end of ash administration) and in a separate group of rats at 24 weeks (11 weeks after stopping ash administration)...
January 18, 2024: American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38224204/multiple-immune-and-genetic-mechanisms-contribute-to-cmv5s-driven-susceptibility-and-tissue-damage-during-acute-murine-cytomegalovirus-infection
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessica L Annis, John Benjamin W Duncan, Helen O Billcheck, Anna G Kuzma, Rowena B Crittenden, Michael G Brown
The MHC class I molecule H-2Dk conveys resistance to acute murine CMV infection in both C57L (H-2Dk transgenic) and MA/My mice. M.H2k/b mice are on an MA/My background aside from a C57L-derived region spanning the MHC (Cmv5s), which diminishes this resistance and causes significant spleen histopathology. To hone in on the effector elements within the Cmv5s interval, we generated several Cmv5-recombinant congenic mouse strains and screened them in vivo, allowing us to narrow the phenotype-associated interval >6-fold and segment the genetic mechanism to at least two independent loci within the MHC region...
January 15, 2024: Journal of Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38223126/intravoxel-incoherent-motion-diffusion-weighted-mri-for-the-evaluation-of-early-spleen-involvement-in-acute-leukemia
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenjin Bian, Qianqian Huang, Jianling Zhang, Jianting Li, Xiaoli Song, Sha Cui, Qian Zheng, Jinliang Niu
BACKGROUND: The spleen is a frequent organ of leukemia metastasis. This study aimed to investigate the value of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for assessing pathologic changes in the spleen and identifying early spleen involvement in patients with acute leukemia (AL). METHODS: Patients with newly diagnosed AL and healthy controls were recruited between June 2020 and November 2022. All participants underwent abdominal IVIM diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) at our hospital...
January 3, 2024: Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38189316/machine-learning-detection-and-characterization-of-splenic-injuries-on-abdominal-computed-tomography
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohammad Hamghalam, Robert Moreland, David Gomez, Amber Simpson, Hui Ming Lin, Ali Babaei Jandaghi, Monica Tafur, Paraskevi A Vlachou, Matthew Wu, Michael Brassil, Priscila Crivellaro, Shobhit Mathur, Shahob Hosseinpour, Errol Colak
BACKGROUND: Multi-detector contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography (CT) allows for the accurate detection and classification of traumatic splenic injuries, leading to improved patient management. Their effective use requires rapid study interpretation, which can be a challenge on busy emergency radiology services. A machine learning system has the potential to automate the process, potentially leading to a faster clinical response. This study aimed to create such a system. METHOD: Using the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST), spleen injuries were classified into 3 classes: normal, low-grade (AAST grade I-III) injuries, and high-grade (AAST grade IV and V) injuries...
January 8, 2024: Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38180971/pre-treatment-18f-fdg-pet-ct-parameters-as-biomarkers-for-progression-free-survival-best-overall-response-and-overall-survival-in-metastatic-melanoma-patients-undergoing-first-line-immunotherapy
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Felix Peisen, Annika Gerken, Isabel Dahm, Konstantin Nikolaou, Thomas Eigentler, Teresa Amaral, Jan H Moltz, Ahmed E Othman, Sergios Gatidis
BACKGROUND: Checkpoint inhibitors have drastically improved the therapy of patients with advanced melanoma. 18F-FDG-PET/CT parameters might act as biomarkers for response and survival and thus can identify patients that do not benefit from immunotherapy. However, little literature exists on the association of baseline 18F-FDG-PET/CT parameters with progression free survival (PFS), best overall response (BOR), and overall survival (OS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using a whole tumor volume segmentation approach, we investigated in a retrospective registry study (n = 50) whether pre-treatment 18F-FDG-PET/CT parameters of three subgroups (tumor burden, tumor glucose uptake and non-tumoral hematopoietic tissue metabolism), can act as biomarkers for the primary endpoints PFS and BOR as well as for the secondary endpoint OS...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38171100/in-situ-monitoring-of-toxic-effects-of-algal-toxin-on-cells-by-a-novel-microfluidic-flow-cytometry-instrument
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuezhu Wang, Yichi Zhang, Junsheng Wang, Weibing Liu, Huan Wang, Mingzhu Song, Hongyue Zhang, Xin Wang
Algal toxins produced by microalgae, such as domoic acid (DA)1 , have toxic effects on humans. However, toxicity tests using mice only yield lethal doses of algal toxins without providing insights into the mechanism of action on cells. In this study, a fast segmentation of microfluidic flow cytometry cell images based on the bidirectional background subtraction (BBS)2 method was developed to get the visual evidence of apoptosis in both bright-field and fluorescence images. This approach enables mapping of changes in cell morphology and activity under algal toxins, allowing for fast (within 60 s) and automated biological detection...
January 2, 2024: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38164017/effect-of-mild-cortisol-cosecretion-on-body-composition-and-metabolic-parameters-in-patients-with-primary-hyperaldosteronism
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nabeel Mansour, Denise Bruedgam, Ulrich Dischinger, Lydia Kürzinger, Christian Adolf, Roman Walter, Osman Öcal, Vanessa F Schmidt, Jan Rudolph, Jens Ricke, Nicole Reisch, Martin Reincke, Moritz Wildgruber, Daniel Heinrich
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of simultaneous cortisol cosecretion (CCS) on body composition in computed tomography (CT)-imaging and metabolic parameters in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) with the objective of facilitating early detection. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. PATIENTS: Forty-seven patients with PA and CCS confirmed by 1-mg dexamethasone suppression test (DST) with a cutoff of ≥1.8 µg/dL were compared with PA patients with excluded CCS (non-CCS, n = 47) matched by age and sex...
January 1, 2024: Clinical Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38161555/an-incidental-case-of-morgagni-hernia-with-beaver-tail-liver-in-an-adult
#30
Ruthwik B Shankar, Adheep B Amberker, Vidyasagar Belgundi
Morgagni hernia is a rare congenital defect of the diaphragm, especially seen in children but rarely observed in adults. It occurs due to a congenital defect during the development of the diaphragm. Bochdalek hernia is a common congenital form of diaphragmatic hernia. Morgagni hernia is usually rare with a prevalence of approximately 2-3%. Beaver tail liver, which is also called sliver of liver, is a rare variant of liver morphology. Sometimes elongated left lobe of the liver can extend laterally across the midline to contact and often surround the spleen...
December 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38134072/upside-down-stomach-in-paraesophageal-hernia-a-case-report
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiuliang Zhu, Chengyu Hu, Weihua Gong
RATIONALE: Paraesophageal hernias, accounting for a mere 5% to 10% of all hiatal hernias, occasionally present an exceedingly uncommon yet gravely consequential complication characterized by the inversion of the stomach. Delving into the clinical manifestations and optimal therapeutic approaches for patients afflicted by this condition merits substantial exploration. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 60-year-old man was referred to our hospital with acute onset of severe epigastric pain, abdominal distension, and vomiting...
December 22, 2023: Medicine (Baltimore)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38132216/machine-learning-radiomics-signature-for-differentiating-lymphoma-versus-benign-splenomegaly-on-ct
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jih-An Cheng, Yu-Chun Lin, Yenpo Lin, Ren-Chin Wu, Hsin-Ying Lu, Lan-Yan Yang, Hsin-Ju Chiang, Yu-Hsiang Juan, Ying-Chieh Lai, Gigin Lin
BACKGROUND: We aimed to develop and validate a preoperative CT-based radiomics signature for differentiating lymphoma versus benign splenomegaly. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed CT studies from 139 patients (age range 26-93 years, 43% female) between 2011 and 2019 with histopathological diagnosis of the spleen (19 lymphoma, 120 benign) and divided them into developing ( n = 79) and testing ( n = 60) datasets. The volumetric radiomic features were extracted from manual segmentation of the whole spleen on venous-phase CT imaging using PyRadiomics package...
December 8, 2023: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38109905/atherosclerotic-autoantigen-aldh4a1-as-a-novel-immunological-indicator-for-plaque-erosion-in-patients-with-st-segment-elevated-myocardial-infarction
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiannan Li, Runzhen Chen, Jinying Zhou, Ying Wang, Xiaoxiao Zhao, Chen Liu, Peng Zhou, Yi Chen, Li Song, Nan Li, Hongbing Yan, Hanjun Zhao
OBJECTIVE:  Aldehyde dehydrogenase 4A1 (ALDH4A1) was recently reported to be a novel autoantigen of atherosclerosis. However, its role in different phenotypes of acute coronary syndrome remains unclear. Herein, we planned to explore the circulating and regional expression of ALDH4A1 in patients with plaque rupture (PR) and plaque erosion (PE) determined by optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS AND RESULTS:  After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a prospective series of 312 patients with ST segment elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI), including 161 patients with PR and 151 patients with PE determined by OCT, were enrolled for plasma ALDH4A1 testing...
December 18, 2023: Thrombosis and Haemostasis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38100790/evaluation-of-manual-and-automated-approaches-for-segmentation-and-extraction-of-quantitative-indices-from-18-f-fdg-pet-ct-images
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Georgios Krokos, Tejas Kotwal, Afnan Malaih, Sally Barrington, Price Jackson, Rodney Hicks, Paul K Marsden, Barbara Malene Fischer
Utilisation of whole-organ volumes to extract anatomical and functional information from computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) images may provide key information for the treatment and follow-up of cancer patients. However, manual organ segmentation, is laborious and time-consuming.

In this study, a CT-based deep learning method and a multi-atlas method were evaluated for segmenting the liver and spleen on CT images to extract quantitative tracer information from Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose ([18 F]FDG) PET images of 50 patients with advanced Hodgkin lymphoma (HL)...
December 15, 2023: Biomedical Physics & Engineering Express
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38072420/distribution-of-splenic-arterial-flow-and-segmental-spleen-volume-for-partial-splenic-arterial-embolization
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Junji Ueda, Yasuhiro Mamada, Nobuhiko Taniai, Masato Yoshioka, Akira Matsushita, Satoshi Mizutani, Youichi Kawano, Tetsuya Shimizu, Tomohiro Kanda, Hideyuki Takata, Hiroyasu Furuki, Yuto Aoki, Mampei Kawashima, Toshiyuki Irie, Takashi Ohno, Takahiro Haruna, Hiroshi Yoshida
INTRODUCTION: The spleen is a lymphatic organ that manages immune surveillance of the blood, produces blood cells, and helps filter the blood, remove old blood cells, and fight infection. The normal splenic weight is approximately 65-265 g. This study evaluated spleen volume and segmental volume. METHODS: 121 patients who underwent enhanced CT at our center were analyzed. The spleen was divided into upper, middle, and lower segments according to arterial flow area, and the volume of each segment was measured...
December 8, 2023: Journal of Nippon Medical School
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38071535/tumor-location-relative-to-the-spleen-is-a-prognostic-factor-in-lymphoma-patients-a-demonstration-from-the-remarc-trial
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kibrom B Girum, Anne-Ségolène Cottereau, Laetitia Vercellino, Louis Rebaud, Jérôme Clerc, Olivier Casasnovas, Franck Morschhauser, Catherine Thieblemont, Irène Buvat
Baseline [18 F]FDG PET/CT radiomic features can improve the survival prediction in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The purpose of this study was to investigate whether characterizing tumor locations relative to the spleen location in baseline [18 F]FDG PET/CT images predicts survival in patients with DLBCL and improves the predictive value of total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) and age-adjusted international prognostic index (IPI). Methods: This retrospective study included 301 DLBCL patients from the REMARC (NCT01122472) cohort...
December 7, 2023: Journal of Nuclear Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38048731/a-fully-automated-machine-learning-based-methodology-for-personalized-radiation-dose-assessment-in-thoracic-and-abdomen-ct
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eleftherios Tzanis, John Stratakis, Marios Myronakis, John Damilakis
PURPOSE: To develop a machine learning-based methodology for patient-specific radiation dosimetry in thoracic and abdomen CT. METHODS: Three hundred and thirty-one thoracoabdominal radiotherapy-planning CT examinations with the respective organ/patient contours were collected retrospectively for the development and validation of segmentation 3D-UNets. Moreover, 97 diagnostic thoracic and 89 diagnostic abdomen CT examinations were collected retrospectively. For each of the diagnostic CT examinations, personalized MC dosimetry was performed...
December 3, 2023: Physica Medica: PM
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38043120/kinetic-modeling-and-parametric-imaging-of-18-f-psma-11-an-evaluation-based-on-total-body-dynamic-positron-emission-tomography-scans
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hui Yuan, Guojin Zhang, Taotao Sun, Jingyun Ren, Qing Zhang, Zeyin Xiang, Entao Liu, Lei Jiang
BACKGROUND: The prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) targeted positron-emitting tomography (PET) tracers are increasingly used in clinical practice, with novel tracers constantly being developed. Recently, 18 F-PSMA-11 has been gaining growing interest for several merits; however, direct in vivo visualization of its kinetic features in humans remains lacking. PURPOSE: To visualize the kinetic features of 18 F-PSMA-11 in healthy subjects and patients with prostate cancer derived from the total-body dynamic PET scans...
December 3, 2023: Medical Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38038691/ct-and-mri-aided-fluorescence-tomography-reconstructions-for-biodistribution-analysis
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah Schraven, Ramona Brück, Stefanie Rosenhain, Teresa Lemainque, David Heines, Hormoz Noormohammadian, Oliver Pabst, Wiltrud Lederle, Felix Gremse, Fabian Kiessling
OBJECTIVES: Optical fluorescence imaging can track the biodistribution of fluorophore-labeled drugs, nanoparticles, and antibodies longitudinally. In hybrid computed tomography-fluorescence tomography (CT-FLT), CT provides the anatomical information to generate scattering and absorption maps supporting a 3-dimensional reconstruction from the raw optical data. However, given the CT's limited soft tissue contrast, fluorescence reconstruction and quantification can be inaccurate and not sufficiently detailed...
December 1, 2023: Investigative Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38002404/pixel-diffuser-practical-interactive-medical-image-segmentation-without-ground-truth
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mingeon Ju, Jaewoo Yang, Jaeyoung Lee, Moonhyun Lee, Junyung Ji, Younghoon Kim
Medical image segmentation is essential for doctors to diagnose diseases and manage patient status. While deep learning has demonstrated potential in addressing segmentation challenges within the medical domain, obtaining a substantial amount of data with accurate ground truth for training high-performance segmentation models is both time-consuming and demands careful attention. While interactive segmentation methods can reduce the costs of acquiring segmentation labels for training supervised models, they often still necessitate considerable amounts of ground truth data...
November 2, 2023: Bioengineering
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