Abnormal uterine bleeding

Dedifferentiated endometrioid carcinoma (DEC) is an exceptionally rare subtype of endometrial cancer characterized by a high-grade component juxtaposed with a low-grade endometrioid adenocarcinoma. This case report presents a unique instance of dedifferentiated endometrioid carcinoma in a 64-year-old female patient who presented with post-menopausal bleeding and abdominal pain. Diagnostic evaluation including imaging studies and histopathological examination revealed a mixed tumor comprising both high-grade and low-grade components...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether adenomyosis is present in the cornual portion of hysterectomies of symptomatic sterilization device users and in patients hysterectomized for different benign causes and who presented with pelvic pain and/or menstrual alterations. METHODS: An observational, analytical, cross-sectional, single-center, retrospective cohort study was conducted in a secondary level hospital. Cohort 1 consisted of women who had Essure® hysteroscopic sterilization devices inserted between 2009 and 2017, who developed gynecologic symptoms (pelvic pain, heavy menstrual bleeding, and/or abnormal uterine bleeding) and who underwent a hysterectomy for explantation of the devices...

Adenomyosis (AM) is a common gynecological disorder characterized by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma within the uterine myometrium. It is associated with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), dysmenorrhea, and infertility. Although several mechanisms have been proposed to elucidate AM, the exact cause and development of the condition remain unclear. Recent studies have highlighted the significance of macrophage polarization in the microenvironment, which plays a crucial role in AM initiation and progression...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of dilute carboprost tromethamine injection at the endometrium/myoma junction during hysteroscopy to facilitate myoma expulsion and removal in a single procedure. DESIGN: Case Series. SETTING: Single high-volume academic medical center. PARTICIPANTS: Seven patients aged 32-51 years old with FIGO type 2 uterine myomas and symptoms of abnormal uterine bleeding or infertility undergoing hysteroscopic resection with a morcellation device from November 2022 - July 2023...

As a broad-spectrum and efficient insecticide, beta-Cypermethrin (β-CYP) poses a health risk to pregnancy. It matters the mechanisms of maternal exposure to β-CYP for impacting reproductive health. The placenta, a transient organ pivotal for maternal-fetal communication during pregnancy, plays a crucial role in embryonic development. The effect of β-CYP exposure on the placenta and its underlying molecular mechanisms remain obscure. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of β-CYP exposure on placental development and the function of trophoblast, as well as the underlying mechanisms through CD-1 mouse model (1, 10, 20mg/kg...

INTRODUCTION: Uterine arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are a rare cause of obstetrical hemorrhage. It can be congenital due to a defect during embryogenesis or acquired. Uterine AVMs can cause life threatening postpartum hemorrhage, and is most frequently misdiagnosed. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges posed by uterine arteriovenous malformation, a rare vascular anomaly that poses significant challenges in diagnosis and management. CASE PRESENTATION: This case report details the clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and treatment approach for a 39-year-old woman...

AIM: Our aim is to investigate the effect of uterine lower segment involvement on prognosis of early-stage endometrial cancer cases diagnosed and treated in our clinic. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The file records of 316 cases reviewed retrospectively.Only stage I (a and b, n=209) cases were investigated, because they were more homogeneous group. RESULTS: The lymphovascular invasion rate was found to be higher in patients with stage Ia and uterine lower segment involvement (p < 0...

Introduction: Leiomyomas are associated with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), but more specific characterization of their impact on LUTS is needed. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of 202 participants (101 per group) who underwent hysterectomy for leiomyomas versus abnormal uterine bleeding nonclassified (AUB-N) from July 2015 to May 2019. Baseline demographics, leiomyoma characteristics, and presence of baseline LUTS were collected. The main objective was to compare the prevalence of LUTS between these two groups...

BACKGROUND: In Australia, gynaecologists continue to assess and investigate abnormal uterine bleeding with inpatient hysteroscopy despite evidence validating outpatient hysteroscopy services. AIM: This retrospective cohort study assessed the safety, success and acceptability of office hysteroscopy in a gynae-oncology rapid-access clinic over six years in Sydney, Australia, and included all women without an age or body mass index (BMI) cut-off using a 'see and treat' concept...

INTRODUCTION: Women presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding needs careful and thorough assessment including ultrasound examination of endometrium and histopathological assessment of the endometrial tissues. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to determine the rate and the factors associated with inadequate endometrial tissues after endometrial sampling using MedGyn® pipette among Bhutanese women at the colposcopy clinic, Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital (JDWNRH), Bhutan...

BACKGROUND: As the cesarean delivery rate continues to rise globally, the treatment of previous cesarean scar defects (PCSD) remains challenging. This study aimed to analyze the variables that may influence the clinical cure rate of patients with PCSD-related abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) as determined by preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) following hysteroscopic therapy. METHODS: Women who underwent hysteroscopic surgery for PCSD-related AUB at the Gynecology Department of Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from 2018 to 2022 were recruited to this retrospective cohort investigation...

A uterine scar defect, or isthmocele, is one of the known complications of cesarean delivery. It can cause obstetric as well as gynecological problems. Diagnosis can be suspected based on complaints such as abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, and subfertility. It can be investigated by transvaginal ultrasound and MRI hysteroscopy. A hysteroscopy gives a confirmatory diagnosis. Isthmoplasty may be offered to avoid future obstetric complications and treat symptoms. In the present case report, a patient with prolonged postmenstrual dark-colored spotting underwent isthmocele repair by a procedure that could be unique, which is transvaginal isthmocele repair with temporary occlusion of uterine vessels...

Uterine leiomyomas are rare in the paediatric population. This report describes a rare case of a submucous leiomyoma in an adolescent girl. The patient presented with a history of abnormal and painful period which was refractory to medical treatment. Sonographic findings revealed a uterine mass that protruded through the cervix until the upper third of the vagina. A hysteroscopic resection was performed, and a pathological examination confirmed a leiomyoma. 12 months after surgery, there were no signs of recurrence...

OBJECTIVE: People vaccinated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 [SARS-CoV-2]) mRNA vaccine have reported experiencing various adverse effects. For instance, reproductive-age women have presented with complaints of abnormal uterine bleeding or menstrual cycle changes. We speculated that differences in basal sex hormone levels before and after vaccination may be present in women who experienced irregular bleeding or menstrual cycle changes; thus, this study aimed to investigate the differences in basal sex hormone levels of women before and after two doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination...

Leiomyomas, or fibroids, are benign uterine tumors that are commonly associated with abnormal uterine bleeding-L particularly heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB). Treatment options include expectant, medical, image-guided, and surgical. Medical management of HMB is the preferred first-line treatment and includes nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, contraceptive hormones, tranexamic acid, levonorgestrel intrauterine system, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists and antagonists, selective progesterone receptor modulators, selective estrogen receptor modulators, and aromatase inhibitors...

AIM: Abnormal uterine vascular pattern can be observed during transvaginal ultrasound examination used for investigating post-abortion bleeding and secondary postpartum hemorrhage. The purpose of this series of cases was to evaluate almost all the rare causes of uterine vascular abnormalities linked to pregnancy complications, and determine how to arrive at the diagnosis to optimize patient management, which is crucial for preventing life-threatening massive vaginal bleeding. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective observational case series study including 20 women with postpartum or post-abortion vaginal bleeding who were found to have an abnormal uterine vascular pattern during a transvaginal color duplex assessment...

Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are a widely used contraceptive. Possible complications from IUDs include failed insertion, pain, vasovagal reaction, infection, abnormal bleeding, and expulsion. Uterine perforation and migration of the IUD are rare complications occurring in approximately 1-2 per 1000 insertions. We executed a systematic review by reviewing all case reports and case series on IUD migration, published between December 2002 and December 2022. Our review indicates that about half of these patients present with pain and that a third are completely asymptomatic...

OBJECTIVE: To describe a minimal invasive 10-step technique of laparoscopic multibipolar radiofrequency myolysis for symptomatic myomas. DESIGN: A step-by-step video demonstration of the technique SETTING: A woman with symptomatic FIGO 5 myoma of 60 mm of diameter, confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. The patient included in this video gave consent for publication of the video and posting of the video online including social media, the journal website, scientific literature websites (such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, etc...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this follow-up study is to compare a manually driven hysteroscopic tissue removal system (ResectrTM 9 Fr) with a motor driven system (TruclearTM ) in terms of long-term clinical outcomes such as abnormal uterine bleeding and polyp recurrence. STUDY DESIGN: This is a follow-up of a multicenter randomized controlled trial comparing a manually and motor driven hysteroscopic tissue removal system for polypectomy. This prospective cohort study was performed at Ghent University Hospital (Ghent, Belgium) and Catharina Hospital Eindhoven (Eindhoven, the Netherlands)...

Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is one of the most dangerous complications in obstetrics, which can lead to severe postpartum bleeding and shock, and even necessitate uterine removal. The abnormal migration and invasion of extravillous trophoblast cells (EVTs) and enhanced neovascularization occurring in an uncontrolled manner in time and space are closely related to the abnormal expression of pro‑angiogenic and anti‑angiogenic factors. The pigment epithelium‑derived factor (PEDF) is a multifunctional regulatory factor that participates in several important biological processes and is recognized as the most efficient inhibitor of angiogenesis...