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REVIEW
Neelakanta Sarvashiva Kiran, Chandrashekar Yashaswini, Rahul Maheshwari, Sankha Bhattacharya, Bhupendra G Prajapati
Precision medicine is transforming colorectal cancer treatment through the integration of advanced technologies and biomarkers, enhancing personalized and effective disease management. Identification of key driver mutations and molecular profiling have deepened our comprehension of the genetic alterations in colorectal cancer, facilitating targeted therapy and immunotherapy selection. Biomarkers such as microsatellite instability (MSI) and DNA mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) guide treatment decisions, opening avenues for immunotherapy...
April 12, 2024: ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Atsushi Yamaguchi, Yudai Shigekawa, Hiromitsu Haba, Hidetoshi Kikunaga, Kenji Shirasaki, Michiharu Wada, Hidetoshi Katori
Thorium-229 (229 Th) possesses an optical nuclear transition between the ground state (229g Th) and low-lying isomer (229m Th). A nuclear clock based on this nuclear-transition frequency is expected to surpass existing atomic clocks owing to its insusceptibility to surrounding fields1-5 . In contrast to other charge states, triply charged 229 Th (229 Th3+ ) is the most suitable for highly accurate nuclear clocks because it has closed electronic transitions that enable laser cooling, laser-induced fluorescence detection and state preparation of ions1,6-8 ...
April 17, 2024: Nature
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jinze Wang, Haiqi Zhang, Hongtao Hu, Sentao Hu, Lie Ma
Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) plays an important role in wound healing. However, overexpression of MMP-9 leads to the degradation of the newly formed extracellular matrix, which delays wound healing, ultimately leading to chronic wounds. Therefore, timely monitoring of the MMP-9 activity using simple, cost-effective methods is important to prevent the formation of chronic wounds. In this work, ferrocene-modified MMP-9 cleavage peptide (Fc-MG) modified carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogels were prepared as electrochemical biosensors...
April 15, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yanan Yuan, Yanfei Zhang, Mingwei Wang, Jiankun Cao, Hongyuan Yan
The escalating use of pesticides on fruits and vegetables has raised concerns about potential health risks. Therefore, we developed a superhydrophilic resin/graphene oxide (SR/GO) with rich adsorption interactions using an eco-friendly synthetic approach. SR/GO demonstrated excellent hydrophilicity, ensuring optimal contact with aqueous sample matrices. The multiple adsorption interactions, including π-π conjugation, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic adsorption, facilitated multi-pesticide residue co-extraction...
April 16, 2024: Food Chemistry
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carlyn L Harris, Cherie S Blair, Eddy R Segura, Jessica Gutiérrez, Jordan E Lake, Robinson Cabello, Jesse L Clark
BACKGROUND: Despite high rates of HIV transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Lima, Peru, limited data exist on the sexual network characteristics or risk factors for secondary HIV transmission among MSM with uncontrolled HIV infection. We report the frequency of serodiscordant, condomless anal intercourse (CAI) and associated sexual network characteristics among MSM in Lima with detectable HIV viremia and compare to those with undetectable viremia. METHODS: This cross-sectional analysis includes MSM who tested positive for HIV-1 during screening for a trial of partner management and STI control (June 2022-January 2023)...
April 2024: Lancet Reg Health Am
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Austin Young, Kevin Tan, Faiq Tariq, Michael X Jin, Avraham Y Bluestone
Introduction In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) in medical imaging has undergone unprecedented innovation and advancement, sparking a revolutionary transformation in healthcare. The field of radiology is particularly implicated, as clinical radiologists are expected to interpret an ever-increasing number of complex cases in record time. Machine learning software purchased by our institution is expected to help our radiologists come to a more prompt diagnosis by delivering point-of-care quantitative analysis of suspicious findings and streamlining clinical workflow...
March 2024: Curēus
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Saumya Ranjan Pradhan, Ramadevi Suguru Pathinti, Ramesh Kandimalla, Krishnakanth Chithari, Madhava Rao Veeramalla N, Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu
This study introduces a biosensor based on liquid crystals (LC) designed to detect the Aβ-42 biomarker, commonly associated with Alzheimer's disease. The sensor utilizes LC droplets created using a PEI/Tween-20 surfactant mixture, arranged radially in an aqueous solution. These droplets are coated with the Aβ1-16 antibody, enabling the detection of the Aβ1-42 biomarker. The key advantage of this biosensor lies in its ability to directly translate the antigen-antibody interaction into a change in the molecular orientation of the LC droplets, simplifying the detection process by removing additional procedural steps...
April 10, 2024: RSC Advances
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lorenz V Knie, Knut N Leknes, Ying Xue, Stein Atle Lie, Dagmar F Bunæs
BACKGROUND: To compare presence and levels of serum cytokines in smokers and non-smokers with periodontitis following periodontal therapy. METHODS: Thirty heavy smokers and 30 non-smokers with stage III or IV periodontitis were included in this prospective cohort study. Clinical data and blood serum were collected at baseline (T0), after step I-III (T1), and after 12 months step IV periodontal therapy (T2). Cytokine IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IL-10, and IP-10 levels were measured using multiplex kit Bio-Plex Human Pro™ Assay...
April 16, 2024: BMC Oral Health
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joline Ingels, Laurenz De Cock, Dieter Stevens, Rupert L Mayer, Fabien Théry, Guillem Sanchez Sanchez, David Vermijlen, Karin Weening, Saskia De Smet, Nele Lootens, Marieke Brusseel, Tasja Verstraete, Jolien Buyle, Eva Van Houtte, Pam Devreker, Kelly Heyns, Stijn De Munter, Sandra Van Lint, Glenn Goetgeluk, Sarah Bonte, Lore Billiet, Melissa Pille, Hanne Jansen, Eva Pascal, Lucas Deseins, Lies Vantomme, Maarten Verdonckt, Ria Roelandt, Thomas Eekhout, Niels Vandamme, Georges Leclercq, Tom Taghon, Tessa Kerre, Floris Vanommeslaeghe, Annemieke Dhondt, Liesbeth Ferdinande, Jo Van Dorpe, Liesbeth Desender, Frederic De Ryck, Frank Vermassen, Veerle Surmont, Francis Impens, Björn Menten, Karim Vermaelen, Bart Vandekerckhove
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is known for high relapse rates despite resection in early stages. Here, we present the results of a phase I clinical trial in which a dendritic cell (DC) vaccine targeting patient-individual neoantigens is evaluated in patients with resected NSCLC. Vaccine manufacturing is feasible in six of 10 enrolled patients. Toxicity is limited to grade 1-2 adverse events. Systemic T cell responses are observed in five out of six vaccinated patients, with T cell responses remaining detectable up to 19 months post vaccination...
April 9, 2024: Cell reports medicine
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexander Maslaris, Alexander Grimberg, Oliver Melsheimer, Elefterios Tsiridis, Georg Matziolis
INTRODUCTION: The rate of revision TKA and thus the use of hinged implants (HI) steadily rises. Aseptic loosening lies on the top of the failure patterns. However, no evidence exists until now based on national scale high-caseloads that analyzes the impact of cemented HI stem-design on aseptic survival rates. METHODS: Data on aseptic HI-revisions with full-cemented tibia-stems were conducted from the German Arthroplasty Registry. Cases were divided in primary HI (PHI) and HI used in revision operations (RHI)...
April 16, 2024: Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Roberta Modica, Elio Benevento, Alessia Liccardi, Giuseppe Cannavale, Roberto Minotta, Gianfranco DI Iasi, Annamaria Colao
Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) are a heterogeneous group of malignancies with increasing incidence, whose diagnosis is usually delayed, negatively impacting on patients' prognosis. The latest advances in pathological classifications, biomarker identification and imaging techniques may provide early detection, leading to personalized treatment strategies. In this narrative review the recent developments in diagnosis of NEN are discussed including progresses in pathological classifications, biomarker and imaging...
April 16, 2024: Minerva endocrinology
#12
REVIEW
Karthik Chinnappa, Caroline Dharmaraj Glory Bai, Pandi Prabha Srinivasan
Mercury pollution, with India ranked as the world's second-largest emitter, poses a critical environmental and public health challenge and underscores the need for rigorous research and effective mitigation strategies. Nanocellulose is derived from cellulose, the most abundant natural polymer on earth, and stands out as an excellent choice for mercury ion remediation due to its remarkable adsorption capacity, which is attributed to its high specific surface area and abundant functional groups, enabling efficient Hg(II) ion removal from contaminated water sources...
April 15, 2024: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lisa Wilms, Martin Komainda, Dina Hamidi, Friederike Riesch, Juliane Horn, Johannes Isselstein
Virtual fencing (VF) is a modern fencing technology that requires the animal to wear a device (e.g. a collar) that emits acoustic signals to replace the visual cue of traditional physical fences (PF) and, if necessary, mild electric signals. The use of devices that provide electric signals leads to concerns regarding the welfare of virtually fenced animals. The objective of this review is to give an overview of the current state of VF research into the welfare and learning behavior of cattle. Therefore, a systematic literature search was conducted using two online databases and reference lists of relevant articles...
April 15, 2024: Journal of Animal Science
#14
Amelia K Ryan, Syeda Rahman, Ryan M Williams
Overactive or dysregulated cytokine expression is hallmark of many acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. This is true for acute or chronic infection, neurodegenerative diseases, autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and others. Cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) are known therapeutic targets and biomarkers for such inflammatory diseases. Platforms for cytokine detection are therefore desirable tools for both research and clinical applications. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) are versatile nanomaterials with near-infrared fluorescence that can serve as transducers for optical sensors...
April 5, 2024: bioRxiv
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mingju Yao, Haotian Wang, Zilong Wang, Chenglin Song, Xiaolin Sa, Wei Du, Min Ye, Xue Qiao
Phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs) exhibit a multitude of structural variations linked to diverse pharmacological activities. Assembling various PhGs via multienzyme cascades represents a concise strategy over traditional synthetic methods. However, the challenge lies in identifying a comprehensive set of catalytic enzymes. This study explores biosynthetic PhG reconstruction from natural precursors, aiming to replicate and amplify their structural diversity. We discovered 12 catalytic enzymes, including four novel 6'-OH glycosyltransferases and three new polyphenol oxidases, revealing the intricate network in PhG biosynthesis...
April 14, 2024: Angewandte Chemie
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Si Chen, Li-Chao Peng, Y-P Guo, X-M Gu, X Ding, R-Z Liu, J-Y Zhao, X You, J Qin, Y-F Wang, Yu-Ming He, Jelmer J Renema, Yong-Heng Huo, Hui Wang, Chao-Yang Lu, Jian-Wei Pan
In the quest to build general-purpose photonic quantum computers, fusion-based quantum computation has risen to prominence as a promising strategy. This model allows a ballistic construction of large cluster states which are universal for quantum computation, in a scalable and loss-tolerant way without feed forward, by fusing many small n-photon entangled resource states. However, a key obstacle to this architecture lies in efficiently generating the required essential resource states on photonic chips. One such critical seed state that has not yet been achieved is the heralded three-photon Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (3-GHZ) state...
March 29, 2024: Physical Review Letters
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elena Gofas-Salas, Daniel M W Lee, Christophe Rondeau, Kate Grieve, Ethan A Rossi, Michel Paques, Kiyoko Gocho
The Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) plays a prominent role in diseases such as age-related macular degeneration, but imaging individual RPE cells is challenging due to their high absorption and low autofluorescence emission. The RPE lies beneath the highly reflective photoreceptor layer (PR) and contains absorptive pigments, preventing direct backscattered light detection when the PR layer is intact. Here, we used near-infrared autofluorescence adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (NIRAF AOSLO) and transscleral flood imaging (TFI) in the same healthy eyes to cross-validate these approaches...
April 4, 2024: Diagnostics
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kyungsu Kim, Ok Hwa Jeon, Byeong Hyeon Choi, Jiyun Rho, Jun Hee Lee, Jae Seon Eo, Beop-Min Kim, Hyun Koo Kim
Segmentectomy is a targeted surgical approach tailored for patients with compromised health and early-stage lung cancer. The key to successful segmentectomy lies in precisely identifying the tumor and intersegmental planes to ensure adequate resection margins. In this study, we aimed to enhance this process by simultaneously visualizing the tumor and intersegmental planes through the intravenous injection of indocyanine green (ICG) at different time points and doses. Lung tumors were detected by intravenous injection of ICG at a dose of 2 mg/kg 12 h before surgery in a rabbit model...
April 8, 2024: Cancers
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leonardo A Fagundes, Alexandre G Caldeira, Matheus B Quemelli, Felipe N Martins, Alexandre S Brandão
In mobile robotics, LASER scanners have a wide spectrum of indoor and outdoor applications, both in structured and unstructured environments, due to their accuracy and precision. Most works that use this sensor have their own data representation and their own case-specific modeling strategies, and no common formalism is adopted. To address this issue, this manuscript presents an analytical approach for the identification and localization of objects using 2D LiDARs. Our main contribution lies in formally defining LASER sensor measurements and their representation, the identification of objects, their main properties, and their location in a scene...
April 3, 2024: Sensors
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gaia Di Francesco, Flaminia Vincenti, Camilla Montesano, Ilenia Bracaglia, Martina Croce, Sabino Napoletano, Antonietta Lombardozzi, Manuel Sergi
BACKGROUND: Novel psychoactive substances (NPS) are a group of substances, mainly of synthetic origin, characterized by toxicological properties extremely dangerous. The main difficulty in recognizing NPS in seizures and biological samples lies in their dynamic nature, related to the continuous synthesis and introduction on the market of new drugs, often with very similar structures to existing ones. The aim of this study was the creation of a robust and versatile method for the analysis of traditional drugs and NPS in different matrices...
May 15, 2024: Analytica Chimica Acta
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