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Sign UpOptic pathway tumors
• keyword#1
Rajiv Iyer, Kaisorn L Chaichana
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS/OBJECTIVE: Deep-seated high-grade gliomas (HGGs) represent a unique surgical challenge because they reside deep to critical cortical and subcortical structures and infiltrate functional areas of the brain. Therefore, accessing and resecting these tumors can often be challenging and associated with significant morbidity. We describe the use of minimally invasive approaches to access deep-seated HGGs to achieve extensive resections while minimizing surgical morbidity...
April 23, 2018: Journal of Neurological Surgery. Part A, Central European Neurosurgery
#2
Erin C Peckham-Gregory, Roberto E Montenegro, David A Stevenson, David H Viskochil, Michael E Scheurer, Philip J Lupo, Joshua D Schiffman
BACKGROUND: Racial predilection to pediatric cancer exists; however optic pathway glioma (OPG) risk differences by race/ethnicity are undefined. We estimated differences in OPG incidence across racial/ethnic groups in a multi-state cancer surveillance registry in the United States. METHODS: OPG data were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER-18) Program, 2000-2014. Race/ethnicity was categorized as: White; Black; Asian; Other; and Latino/a ("Spanish-Hispanic-Latino")...
April 20, 2018: Cancer Epidemiology
#3
Michael J Fisher, Allan J Belzberg, Peter de Blank, Thomas De Raedt, Florent Elefteriou, Rosalie E Ferner, Marco Giovannini, Gordon J Harris, Michel Kalamarides, Matthias A Karajannis, AeRang Kim, Conxi Lázaro, Lu Q Le, Wei Li, Robert Listernick, Staci Martin, Helen Morrison, Eric Pasmant, Nancy Ratner, Elisabeth Schorry, Nicole J Ullrich, David Viskochil, Brian Weiss, Brigitte C Widemann, Yuan Zhu, Annette Bakker, Eduard Serra
Organized and hosted by the Children's Tumor Foundation (CTF), the Neurofibromatosis (NF) conference is the premier annual gathering for clinicians and researchers interested in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2), and schwannomatosis (SWN). The 2016 edition constituted a blend of clinical and basic aspects of NF research that helped in clarifying different advances in the field. The incorporation of next generation sequencing is changing the way genetic diagnostics is performed for NF and related disorders, providing solutions to problems like genetic heterogeneity, overlapping clinical manifestations, or the presence of mosaicism...
May 2018: American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part A
#4
Kyeong Hwan Moon, Jin Woo Kim
Vertebrate organ development is accompanied by demarcation of tissue compartments, which grow coordinately with their neighbors. Hence, perturbing the coordinative growth of neighboring tissue compartments frequently results in organ malformation. The growth of tissue compartments is regulated by multiple intercellular and intracellular signaling pathways, including the Hippo signaling pathway that limits the growth of various organs. In the optic neuroepithelial continuum, which is partitioned into the retina, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and ciliary margin (CM) during eye development, the Hippo signaling activity operates differentially, as it does in many tissues...
April 11, 2018: Molecules and Cells
#5
Herwin Speckter, José Bido, Giancarlo Hernandez, Diones Rivera, Luis Suazo, Santiago Valenzuela, Rafael Fermin, Jairo Oviedo, Bernd Foerster, Cesar Gonzalez, Peter Stoeter
Introduction: In Gamma Knife Radiosurgery (GKRS) of suprasellar lesions, the exact localization of the visual pathways is important to avoid radiation induced optic neuropathy (RION). Reliable identification of the optic nerve, chiasm and tracts can be challenging using routine magnetic resonance imaging, especially in patients with lesions compressing the optic structures or in patients who had prior operation of suprasellar tumors. This study investigates the application of inversion recovery sequences (Fast gray and white matter acquisition T1 inversion recovery, FGATIR) to improve identification of the optic pathway...
2018: Journal of Radiosurgery and SBRT
#6
REVIEW
P D Delgado-López, J Pi-Barrio, M T Dueñas-Polo, M Pascual-Llorente, M C Gordón-Bolaños
At least 50% of surgically resected non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPA) recur. Either early or late adjuvant radiotherapy is highly efficacious in controlling recurrent NFPA but associates potentially burdensome complications like hypopituitarism, vascular complications or secondary neoplasm. Reoperation is indicated in bulky tumor rests compressing the optic pathway. To date, no standardized medical therapy is available for recurrent NFPA although cabergoline and temozolomide show promising results. Guidelines on the management of recurrent NFPAs are now available...
April 5, 2018: Clinical & Translational Oncology
#7
Jing Wang, Jianwu Jia, Zhaoyuan Hou, Xunhui Yuan, Gaoling Sun, Jianyi Niu, Zhiping Li
Optic pathway hypothalamic gliomas are intrinsic low-grade gliomas involving the optic nerve, chiasm, optic tract, and hypothalamus. The rarity of these tumors and their unpredictable course make assessment and standardization of treatment modalities difficult. Tumor debulking via various transcranial approaches was considered to be effective at controlling tumor growth, but with high rates of severe surgery-related complications. In the present case, endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery was initiated to debulk the exophytic chiasmatic/hypothalamic glioma with good preservation of hypothalamic and endocrine functions...
March 22, 2018: Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
#8
L-J Wang, L-P Liu, X L Gu, M Wang, L-M Liu
OBJECTIVE: The use of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) to cure the optic nerve injury was never shown previously. Here, we implanted purified ADSCs into optic nerve injury of rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used in this study. The vision degeneration was detected by Flash-visual evoked potential (F-VEP) assay. The expression of Macrophage-1 (Mac-1), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), and nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) were studied by Western blot...
March 2018: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
#9
Adam DeBusk, Mark L Moster
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Highlight some of the recent advances in gene therapy and gene modification for optic nerve disease to promote axon regeneration, neuroprotection, and increased visual functioning. RECENT FINDINGS: Visual loss secondary to optic nerve damage occurs in numerous ophthalmologic and neurologic conditions. Damaged retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) do not regenerate once they undergo apoptosis after injury. Gene therapy has been studied to replace gene mutations in disorders affecting the optic nerve as well as to alter genes responsible for suppressing or activating pathways of optic nerve growth and regeneration...
March 13, 2018: Current Opinion in Ophthalmology
#10
Michael T Milano, Jimm Grimm, Scott G Soltys, Ellen Yorke, Vitali Moiseenko, Wolfgang A Tomé, Arjun Sahgal, Jinyu Xue, Lijun Ma, Timothy D Solberg, John P Kirkpatrick, Louis S Constine, John C Flickinger, Lawrence B Marks, Issam El Naqa
PURPOSE: Dosimetric and clinical predictors of radiation-induced optic nerve/chiasm neuropathy (RION) after single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or hypofractionated (2-5 fractions) radiosurgery (fSRS) were analyzed from pooled data that were extracted from published reports (PubMed indexed from 1990 to June 2015). This study was undertaken as part of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine Working Group on Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy, investigating normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) after hypofractionated radiation...
January 31, 2018: International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
#11
Haojuan Jia, Jia Shi, Shu'an Dong, Yuan Zhang, Jianbo Yu
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of heme oxygenase-1/carbon monoxide (HO-1/CO) pathway on mitochondrial fusion in rat alveolar epithelial type II cells (AEC II) stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). METHODS: Once the cultured in vitro rat AEC II cells line RLE-6TN reached confluency of 85%, they were subcultured and randomly divided into seven groups (n = 5 each). RLE-6TN cells were routinely cultured in control group. The cells in LPS group was stimulated with 10 mg/L LPS to reproduce the model of endotoxin challenge in AECII cells...
March 2018: Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue
#12
Fan Yang, Song Xu, Renwang Liu, Tao Shi, Xiongfei Li, Xuebing Li, Gang Chen, Hongyu Liu, Qinghua Zhou, Jun Chen
Introduction: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common Mendelian multi-system disorder that is characterized by café-au-lait spots (CLS), axillary freckling, optic glioma and plexiform neurofibroma. Various mutations of the NF1 gene are widely accepted to be the main cause of this disease, while whether there are still certain other modifier genes that could influence the phenotypes of NF1 is our concern. Patients and Methods: One proband and his father are involved, who are characterized by plexiform neurofibroma and cutaneous neurofibroma, respectively...
2018: OncoTargets and Therapy
#13
Yosra Bouraoui, Mongia Achour, Mar Royuela, Ridha Oueslati
The aim of the present work was to study the immune profiling of prostate epithelial cells by the expression of ASK-1/p38 and Raf-1/ERK MAP Kinases signaling pathways mediated by TRAF-6. Immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses for TRAF-6, ASK-1, MEK-6, p38, Raf-1, MEK-1, ERK-1, ERK-2 and PSA were carried out in 5 samples of normal prostate gland, 24 samples of BPH and 19 samples of PC. Immunoreaction to TRAF-6 was found in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells of BPH and tumor cells of PC samples. For patients with the profile (TRAF-6+), optical densities revealed a weak immunoexpression of ASK-1 in PC compared to BPH patients...
March 2018: Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences
#14
REVIEW
Kevin J McHugh, Lihong Jing, Adam M Behrens, Surangi Jayawardena, Wen Tang, Mingyuan Gao, Robert Langer, Ana Jaklenec
Approximately 1.7 million new cases of cancer will be diagnosed this year in the United States leading to 600 000 deaths. Patient survival rates are highly correlated with the stage of cancer diagnosis, with localized and regional remission rates that are much higher than for metastatic cancer. The current standard of care for many solid tumors includes imaging and biopsy with histological assessment. In many cases, after tomographical imaging modalities have identified abnormal morphology consistent with cancer, surgery is performed to remove the primary tumor and evaluate the surrounding lymph nodes...
February 22, 2018: Advanced Materials
#15
Ahmed Abdel Khalek Abdel Razek
The aim of this work is to review the MR imaging of neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions of the brain and spine in neurofibromatosis type I. Neoplastic lesions are optic pathway gliomas, brain stem gliomas, other gliomas of the brain, and peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Structural changes in the brain include unidentified bright objects, macrocephaly, and enlarged corpus callosum. Bony dysplasia changes as sphenoid ridge dysplasia, spinal scalloping, dural ectasia, and meningoceles. Vasculopathy and cortical cerebral and cerebellar malformations of the brain have been reported...
February 17, 2018: Neurological Sciences
#16
Khalid Abdalla, Shaker Abdullah, Abeer Almehdar, Naglla Elimam, Mohammed Burhan Abrar, Wasil Jastaniah
BACKGROUND: Treatment modality impacts outcome of childhood low-grade glioma (LGG). Optimizing management in developing countries can be challenging. This study evaluates the clinical characteristics, treatment, and factors influencing outcome of childhood LGG in Saudi Arabia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study retrospectively evaluated 59 children consecutively diagnosed with LGG between January 2001 and June 2016. RESULTS: Median age at diagnosis was 6...
February 2, 2018: Child's Nervous System: ChNS: Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery
#17
Santhosh A Upadhyaya, Giles W Robinson, Julie H Harreld, Paul D Klimo, Mary Ellen Hoehn, Brent A Orr, Ibrahim A Qaddoumi
BACKGROUND: Despite appropriate therapeutic interventions, progressive optic pathway glioma (OPG) in children may result in loss of vision and other neurologic morbidities. Molecularly targeted therapy against the MAP kinase pathway holds promise in improving outcomes while resulting in lower treatment-related toxicities. We report two children with refractory OPG who had a substantial and early reversal of their neurologic deficits and an impressive imaging response of their tumor to BRAFV600E inhibition therapy...
February 1, 2018: Child's Nervous System: ChNS: Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery
#18
Jucimara Colombo, Bruna Victorasso Jardim-Perasssi, Joao Paulo Senna Ferreira, Cristine Zampieri Braga, Nathalia Martins Sonehara, Rubens de Paula Júnior, Marina Gobbe Moschetta, Ana Paula Girol, Debora Aparecida Pires de Campos Zuccari
Background NF-kB (nuclear factor kappa B) is a transcription factor composed of two subunits, p50 and p65, which plays a key role in the inflammatory process. Melatonin has oncostatic, antiangiogenic and antimetastatic properties, and some recent studies have indicated an inhibitory effect of melatonin on NF-kB in some types of cancer. This work aims to investigate the effects of melatonin treatment on the expression of NF-kB in breast and liver cancer models. Methods The breast cancer xenographic model was performed using female Balb/c nude athymic mice injected with MDA-MB-231 cells...
January 30, 2018: Anti-cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
#19
Cuihua Hu, Ningning Ma, Fei Li, Yu Fang, Yao Liu, Linlu Zhao, Shanpeng Qiao, Xiumei Li, Xiaojia Jiang, Tiezhu Li, Fangzhong Shen, Yibing Huang, Quan Luo, Junqiu Liu
Highly stable giant supramolecular vesicles were constructed by hierarchical self-assembly of cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8])-based supra-amphiphiles for photoresponsive and targeted intracellular drug delivery. These smart vesicles can encapsulate the model drugs with high loading efficiencies and then release them by manipulating photoswitchable CB[8] heteroternary complexation to regulate the formation and dissociation of supra-amphiphiles that cause dramatic morphological changes of the assemblies to achieve remote optically controlled drug delivery...
February 7, 2018: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
#20
Magdalena Koczkowska, Yunjia Chen, Tom Callens, Alicia Gomes, Angela Sharp, Sherrell Johnson, Meng-Chang Hsiao, Zhenbin Chen, Meena Balasubramanian, Christopher P Barnett, Troy A Becker, Shay Ben-Shachar, Debora R Bertola, Jaishri O Blakeley, Emma M M Burkitt-Wright, Alison Callaway, Melissa Crenshaw, Karin S Cunha, Mitch Cunningham, Maria D D'Agostino, Karin Dahan, Alessandro De Luca, Anne Destrée, Radhika Dhamija, Marica Eoli, D Gareth R Evans, Patricia Galvin-Parton, Jaya K George-Abraham, Karen W Gripp, Jose Guevara-Campos, Neil A Hanchard, Concepcion Hernández-Chico, LaDonna Immken, Sandra Janssens, Kristi J Jones, Beth A Keena, Aaina Kochhar, Jan Liebelt, Arelis Martir-Negron, Maurice J Mahoney, Isabelle Maystadt, Carey McDougall, Meriel McEntagart, Nancy Mendelsohn, David T Miller, Geert Mortier, Jenny Morton, John Pappas, Scott R Plotkin, Dinel Pond, Kenneth Rosenbaum, Karol Rubin, Laura Russell, Lane S Rutledge, Veronica Saletti, Rhonda Schonberg, Allison Schreiber, Meredith Seidel, Elizabeth Siqveland, David W Stockton, Eva Trevisson, Nicole J Ullrich, Meena Upadhyaya, Rick van Minkelen, Helene Verhelst, Margaret R Wallace, Yoon-Sim Yap, Elaine Zackai, Jonathan Zonana, Vickie Zurcher, Kathleen Claes, Yolanda Martin, Bruce R Korf, Eric Legius, Ludwine M Messiaen
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), a common genetic disorder with a birth incidence of 1:2,000-3,000, is characterized by a highly variable clinical presentation. To date, only two clinically relevant intragenic genotype-phenotype correlations have been reported for NF1 missense mutations affecting p.Arg1809 and a single amino acid deletion p.Met922del. Both variants predispose to a distinct mild NF1 phenotype with neither externally visible cutaneous/plexiform neurofibromas nor other tumors. Here, we report 162 individuals (129 unrelated probands and 33 affected relatives) heterozygous for a constitutional missense mutation affecting one of five neighboring NF1 codons-Leu844, Cys845, Ala846, Leu847, and Gly848-located in the cysteine-serine-rich domain (CSRD)...
January 4, 2018: American Journal of Human Genetics
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