Han Lee, Kuan-Hung Liu, Yu-Hsuan Yang, Jiunn-Der Liao, Bo-Shen Lin, Zheng-Zhe Wu, Alice Chinghsuan Chang, Chin-Chung Tseng, Ming-Cheng Wang, Yau-Sheng Tsai
Patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) rely on dialysis to remove toxins and stay alive. However, hemodialysis alone is insufficient to completely remove all/major uremic toxins, resulting in the accumulation of specific toxins over time. The complexity of uremic toxins and their varying clearance rates across different dialysis modalities poses significant challenges, and innovative approaches such as microfluidics, biomarker discovery, and point-of-care testing are being investigated. This review explores recent advances in the qualitative and quantitative analysis of uremic toxins and highlights the use of innovative methods, particularly label-mediated and label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, primarily for qualitative detection...
April 22, 2024: Analyst