(Tatli MM)

In the present study, microstructural evolution and hardness of the friction stir processed (FSPed) SAF 2507 super duplex stainless steel fabricated at a rotational speed of 650 rpm and a traverse speed of 60 mm/min were investigated. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) detector was used to study the microstructure of the stir zone. The grain sizes of austenite and ferrite in the FSPed 2507 were found to be smaller (0.75 and 0.96 μm) than those of the substrate (6...

PURPOSE: The thoracoacromial trunk (TAT) originates from the second part of the axillary artery and curls around the superomedial border of the pectoralis minor, subsequently piercing the costocoracoid membrane. Knowledge about the location, morphology, and variations of the TAT and its branches is of great surgical importance due to its frequent use in various reconstructive flaps. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted to establish anatomical variations, their prevalence, and morphometric data on TAT and its branches...

Background: Naringin is a naturally occurring flavanone that promotes osteogenesis. Owing to the high lipophilicity, poor in vivo bioavailability, and extensive metabolic alteration upon administration, the clinical efficacy of naringin is understudied. Additionally, information on the molecular mechanism by which it promotes osteogenesis is limited. Methods: In this study, we prepared TAT & RGD peptide-modified naringin-loaded nanoparticles (TAT-RGD-NAR-NPs), evaluated their potency on the osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs), and studied its mechanism of action through metabolomic analysis...

Disease relapse and treatment-induced immunotoxicity pose significant clinical challenges for patients with hematological cancers. Here, we reveal distinctive requirements for neutralizing TNF receptor ligands APRIL and BAFF and their receptor activity in MM and DLBCL, impacting protein translation and production in MM cells and modulating the translation efficiency of the ATM interactor (ATMIN/ACSIZ). Therapeutically, we investigated the use of BCMA decoy receptor (sBCMA-Fc) as an inhibitor of APRIL and BAFF...

Predicting the progression of small aneurysms is a main challenge in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) management. The combination of circulating biomarkers and image techniques might provide an alternative for risk stratification. We evaluated the association of plasma TAT complexes (TAT) and D-dimer with AAA severity in 3 groups of patients: group 1, without AAA ( n = 52), group 2, AAA 40-50 mm ( n = 51) and group 3, AAA > 50 mm ( n = 50). TAT ( p < 0.001) and D-dimer ( p < 0.001) were increased in patients with AAA (groups 2 and 3) vs...

The trans-activator of transcription (TAT) is a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) regulatory protein that is actively sloughed by infected cells. Once released, TAT can injure bystander cells and bring about their dysfunction. In the presence of ethanol, TAT-induced toxicity potentiates and, in so doing, exacerbates inflammation. One key aspect of neuroinflammation involves the infiltration of peripheral macrophage to the central nervous system. Here, we use an interactive neuroimmune cell coculture of brain endothelial, astrocyte, neuron, and macrophage cells to model the blood-brain barrier and evaluate macrophage migration upon challenge with ethanol and TAT concentrations...

Permanent tattooing is common on areas of the skin typically sampled for sweat diagnostics, yet its potential to alter local sweat concentration and excretion rate (ER) of metabolites and other compounds is unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of tattooed skin (TAT) on local sweat concentration and ER of urea nitrogen (UN), cortisol (CORT), glucose (GLU) and lactate (LAC) when compared to contralateral non-tattooed skin (NT) during a group fitness exercise session. Moderately trained participants (males n=8, females n=8, 34±8 y) with at least one permanent tattoo (age of tattoo 7±5 y) on the upper body (arm, scapula, or thorax regions) underwent a ~60 minute outdoor (~27±3°C, 63±4% RH, 26±3°C WBGT) group fitness exercise session...

INTRODUCTION: Chronic hypoxia (CH) leads to increased pulmonary vascular resistance and resultant pulmonary hypertension (PH) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sleep apnea, or in residents at high altitude. Recent studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that CH augments vasoconstrictor reactivity to a variety of stimuli, including pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) stretch, membrane depolarization, and stimulation of G protein-coupled receptors. This effect of CH is mediated by a switch in PASMC signaling from Ca2+ -dependent mechanisms towards a novel epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2)-Rho kinase (ROK) Ca2+ sensitization pathway...

BACKGROUND: High testing rates and rapid contact tracing have been key interventions to control COVID-19 in Victoria, Australia. A mobile laboratory (LabVan), for rapid SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics, was deployed at sites deemed critical by the Victorian State Department of Health as part of the response. We describe the process of design, implementation, and performance benchmarked against a central reference laboratory. METHODS: A BSL2 compliant laboratory, complete with a class II biological safety cabinet, was built within a Mercedes-Benz Sprinter Panel Van...

BACKGROUND: While the transfer of the tibialis anterior tendon (TAT) to the lateral cuneiform (LC) following serial casting has been used for nearly 60 years to treat relapsed clubfoot deformity, modern methods of tendon fixation remain largely unstudied. Interference screw fixation represents an alternative strategy that obviates concerns of plantar foot skin pressure-induced necrosis and proper tendon tensioning associated with button suspensory fixation. A better understanding of LC morphology in young children is a necessary first step in assessing the viability of this fixation technique...

BACKGROUND: In patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), selecting an antithrombotic regimen requires balancing risks of ischemic cardiac events, stroke, and bleeding. METHODS: We studied 467 patients with AF undergoing PCI in the time period from December 2015 to July 2018 identified via a chart audit by 47 Canadian cardiologists in the CONNECT AF+PCI (the Co ordinated N ational N etwork to E ngage Interventional C ardiologists in the Antithrombotic T reatment of Patients With A trial F ibrillation Undergoing P ercutaneous C oronary I ntervention) study, to determine patterns of initial antithrombotic therapy selection...

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) techniques can provide noninvasive in vivo hemoglobin oxygenation information but suffer from relatively low resolution in biological tissue imaging. Microwave-induced thermoacoustic tomography (TAT) can produce high-resolution images of the biological tissue anatomy but offer limited physiological information of samples because of the single species of the chromophore it maps. To overcome these drawbacks and take advantage of the merits of the two independent techniques, we built a dual-modality system by combining a NIRS system and a TAT system to image biological tissues...

The primary stability of a total ankle replacement (TAR) is essential in preventing long-term aseptic loosening failure and could be quantified based on micromotion at the bone-prosthesis interface subjected to physiological loading during the normal walking. A 3D finite element analysis was conducted to investigate the current commercial STAR™ Ankle TAR bone-prosthesis interface relative micromotion (BPIRM) with addition of the talus bone minimum principal bone stresses (MPBS). Comparison was made to the proposed polka dot designs with the hemispheric feature that was demonstrated to enhance BPIRM...

MYC upregulation is associated with multidrug refractory disease in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). We, isolated patient-derived MM cells with high MYC expression and discovered that NCOR2 was down-regulated in these cells. NCOR2 is a transcriptional coregulatory protein and its role in MM remains unknown. To define the role of NCOR2 in MM, we created NCOR2 knockout human myeloma cell lines and demonstrated that NCOR2 knockout led to high MYC expression. Furthermore, NCOR2 knockout conferred resistance to pomalidomide, BET and HDAC inhibitors, independent of Cereblon (CRBN), indicating high MYC expression as a cause of multidrug resistance...

PURPOSE: To assess prognostic value of body composition parameters measured at CT to predict risk of hospitalization in patients with COVID-19 infection. METHODS: 177 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and with abdominopelvic CT were included in this retrospective IRB approved two-institution study. Patients were stratified based on disease severity as outpatients (no hospital admission) and patients who were hospitalized (inpatients). Two readers blinded to the clinical outcome segmented axial CT images at the L3 vertebral body level for visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), muscle adipose tissue (MAT), muscle mass (MM)...

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is a cornerstone in the management of large (≥20 mm) non-pedunculated colorectal polyps. Clinically significant post-EMR bleeding occurs in 7% of cases and is most frequently encountered in the right colon. We aimed to assess the use of prophylactic clip closure in preventing clinically significant post-EMR bleeding within the right colon. METHODS: We conducted a randomised controlled trial at a tertiary centre in Australia...

PURPOSE: The tumor microenvironment (TME) can severely impair immunotherapy efficacy by repressing the immune system. In a multiple myeloma (MM) murine model, we investigated the impact of targeted alpha particle therapy (TAT) on the immune TME. TAT was combined with an adoptive cell transfer of CD8 T cells (ACT), and the mechanisms of action of this combination were assessed at the tumor site. METHODS AND MATERIALS: This combination treatment was conducted in a syngeneic MM murine model grafted subcutaneously...

Adipocytes occupy 70% of the cellular volume within the bone marrow (BM), wherein multiple myeloma (MM) originates and resides. However, the nature of the interaction between MM cells and adipocytes remains unclear. Cancer-associated adipocytes support tumor cells through various mechanisms, including metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells. We hypothesized that metabolic interactions mediate the dependence of MM cells on BM adipocytes. Here, we show that BM aspirates from precursor states of MM, including monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering MM (SMM), demonstrate significant upregulation of adipogenic commitment when compared to healthy donors (HD)...

In order to understand the composition and stability of soil aggregate in paddy filed, as well as the changes of soil aggregate-associated nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) after straw addition combined with chemical fertilization, soil samples were collected from a 34-year positioning experiment with three treatments, including no chemical fertilizer (CK), chemical fertilizer only (NPK), and straw addition plus chemical fertilizer (NPKS). The composition of water-stable aggregates at the soil layers of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm were analyzed with the wet sieving method, as well as the distribution characteristics, contribution rate and activation rate of soil aggregate-associated N, P, and K...

The individual impact of silicon (Si) and nitric oxide (NO) on secondary metabolism in several plant species has been reported, but their combined effect has never been evaluated yet. Therefore, in this study, single and combined impacts of NO and Si on the biosynthesis of rosmarinic acid (RA) and essential oil (EO) content in leaves of Salvia officinalis were investigated under both non-stress and Cu stress conditions. The results indicated that high Cu concentration decreased biomass and the content of polyphenols, but elevated electrolyte leakage, while lower Cu concentrations, especially 200 μM Cu, increased the content of polyphenols, EO, and antioxidant capacity in leaves of S...