keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537125/efficacy-of-a-novel-antibiotic-drug-combination-toward-multidrug-resistant-ocular-pathogens
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lakshminarayanan Gowtham, Rachel A F Wozniak, Paul M Dunman, Esther Sheba, Prashant Garg, Joveeta Joseph
PURPOSE: Antimicrobial resistance is a global health threat, compounded by the reduction in the discovery of new antibiotics. A repurposed drugs-based approach could provide a viable alternative for the treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections. In this study, we sought to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of a novel drug combination, polymyxin B/trimethoprim (PT) + rifampin on MDR isolates from patients with bacterial keratitis in India. METHODS: Forty-three isolates, which included 20 Staphylococcus aureus, 19 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 3 Pseudomonas stutzeri, and 1 Acinetobacter baumannii, were evaluated for their antibiotic resistance by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)...
March 26, 2024: Cornea
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536635/the-acetic-acid-produced-by-lactobacillus-species-regulates-immune-function-to-alleviate-pedv-infection-in-piglets
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ming-Jie Sun, Jun Hong Xing, Qing-Song Yan, Bo-Shi Zou, Ying-Jie Wang, Tian-Ming Niu, Tong Yu, Hai-Bin Huang, Di Zhang, Shu-Min Zhang, Wu-Sheng Sun, Ruo-Nan Zou, Chun-Feng Wang, Chun-Wei Shi
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection results in significant mortality among newborn piglets, leading to substantial economic setbacks in the pig industry. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), the metabolites of intestinal probiotics, play pivotal roles in modulating intestinal function, enhancing the intestinal barrier, and bolstering immune responses through diverse mechanisms. The protective potential of Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus johnsonii, and Lactococcus lactis was first noted when administered to PEDV-infected piglets...
March 27, 2024: Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536458/scabies-in-infants-and-children-a-narrative-review
#3
REVIEW
Anca E Chiriac, Adriana Diaconeasa, Raluca Miulescu, Uwe Wollina
Scabies is a human ectoparasitosis caused by Sarcoptes scabei var. hominis. World-wide around 300 million patients are affected. Infants and children have the highest incidence rates. Poverty and overcrowding are social factors contributing to a higher risk of transmission and treatment failure. The leading symptom of the infestation is itch. Complications are bacterial infections that are responsible for mortality. Diagnosis is clinical. Non-invasive imaging technologies like dermoscopy can be used. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is less sensitive and specific than microscopy of skin scrapings...
March 27, 2024: European Journal of Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536433/immobilised-antimicrobial-peptides-in-downregulation-of-biofilm
#4
REVIEW
Moupriya Nag, Debasmita Bhattacharya, Sayantani Garai, Bandita Dutta, Sreejita Ghosh, Rina Rani Ray, Dibyajit Lahiri
Colonisation of sessile bacterial species on biotic and abiotic surfaces is responsible for the development of various infections in humans. At present, biofilm-associated chronic infections have been a prime concern among the healthcare practitioners since they are impermeable to drugs, resulting in the development of antibiotic resistance or multi-drug resistance. For a few decades, a lot of research activity has been performed in the development of alternative therapeutics to combat biofilm-associated chronic infections...
March 27, 2024: Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536111/efflux-pump-inhibitor-potentiates-the-antimicrobial-photodynamic-inactivation-of-multidrug-resistant-acinetobacter-baumannii
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zahra Shirdel, Zahra Fekrirad
Background: Acinetobacter baumannii , a nosocomial pathogen, poses a major public health problem due to generating resistance to several antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (APDI) employs a nontoxic dye as a photosensitizer (PS) and light to produce reactive oxygen species that destroy bacterial cells. The intracellular concentration of PS could be affected by factors such as the function of efflux pumps to emit PS from the cytosol. Objective: To evaluate the augmentation effect of an efflux pump inhibitor, verapamil, three multidrug-resistant A...
March 27, 2024: Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535956/anomalous-gold-concentrations-in-hypersaline-wetland-sediments-laguna-honda-south-spain-caused-by-nanoparticles-used-in-agricultural-practices-environmental-transformation
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Antonio Medina-Ruiz, Juan Jiménez-Millán, Isabel Abad, Rosario Jiménez-Espinosa
Illite-rich sediments from the Laguna Honda wetland, an eutrophicated hypersaline wetland with waters enriched in Mg and Ca surrounded by olive groves in the Guadalquivir Basin River (South Spain), are polluted by elevated concentrations of gold (up to 21.9 ppm) due to agricultural practices. The highest gold contents appear in the shore sediments of the lake, where up to 20 µm homoaggregates of fused gold nanoparticles (AuNp) are found. Small nanoaggregates of up to six fused gold nanoparticles and very few isolated nanoparticles around 1 nm in size can also be observed to form heteroaggregates of AuNp-mica, especially in the deeper sediments in the central part of the wetland, where Au concentrations are lower (up to 1...
March 18, 2024: Toxics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535854/design-and-validation-of-rt-pcr-assays-to-differentiate-salmonella-vaccine-strains-from-wild-type-field-isolates
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pieter-Jan Ceyssens, Doris Mueller-Doblies, Wesley Mattheus
The timely differentiation of the AviPro Salmonella VAC T and VAC E strains from the wild-type Salmonella enterica ser. Typhimurium and ser. Enteritidis isolates is crucial for effectively monitoring veterinary isolates. Currently, the distinction between field and vaccine strains has been conducted routinely via phenotypic antimicrobial resistance testing since the vaccines were first introduced more than 20 years ago, and the differentiation based on the antimicrobial resistance profile is still a valid and well-established method...
March 6, 2024: Veterinary Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535822/cationicity-enhancement-on-the-hydrophilic-face-of-ctriporin-significantly-reduces-its-hemolytic-activity-and-improves-the-antimicrobial-activity-against-antibiotic-resistant-eskape-pathogens
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xudong Luo, Huan Deng, Li Ding, Xiangdong Ye, Fang Sun, Chenhu Qin, Zongyun Chen
The ESKAPE pathogen-associated antimicrobial resistance is a global public health issue, and novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. The short cationic antimicrobial peptide (AMP) family represents an important subfamily of scorpion-derived AMPs, but high hemolysis and poor antimicrobial activity hinder their therapeutic application. Here, we recomposed the hydrophilic face of Ctriporin through lysine substitution. We observed non-linear correlations between the physiochemical properties of the peptides and their activities, and significant deviations regarding the changes of antimicrobial activities against different bacterial species, as well as hemolytic activity...
March 18, 2024: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535563/lung-microbiota-and-ventilator-associated-pneumonia-in-the-neonatal-period
#9
REVIEW
Fermín García-Muñoz Rodrigo, Lourdes Urquía Martí, Marta Siguero Onrubia, Moreyba Borges Luján, Gloria Galán Henríquez, Desiderio Reyes Suárez
The lung microbiota is a complex community of microorganisms that colonize the respiratory tract of individuals from, or even before, birth. Although the lungs were traditionally believed to be sterile, recent research has shown that there is a diversity of bacterial species in the respiratory system. Knowledge about the lung microbiota in newborns and its relationship with bacterial infections is of vital importance to understand the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases in neonatal patients undergoing mechanical ventilation...
March 1, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535544/pathogens-causing-pediatric-community-acquired-urinary-tract-infections-and-their-increasing-antimicrobial-resistance-a-nationwide-study
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vered Shkalim Zemer, Shai Ashkenazi, Yoel Levinsky, Yael Richenberg, Eyal Jacobson, Shay Nathanson, Tzippy Shochat, Shiri Kushnir, Moriya Cohen, Avner Herman Cohen
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in childhood are common and are associated with considerable acute morbidity and long-term complications. The need for updated data to optimize empiric antibiotic therapy is crucial. We aimed to investigate the pathogens causing pediatric community acquired UTIs, their correlation with demographic characteristics, and trends in their antimicrobial resistance. This nationwide cross-sectional study included all 53,203 children (<18 years) diagnosed with UTI in community outpatient clinics in the following selected years: 2007, 2011, 2015, 2019 and 2021...
February 24, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535514/pediatric-lemierre-s-syndrome-a-comprehensive-literature-review
#11
REVIEW
Salvatore Lavalle, Edoardo Masiello, Salvatore Cocuzza, Piero Pavone, Alessandra Di Nora, Christian Calvo-Henriquez, Jerome Rene Lechien, Miguel Mayo Yanez, Andrea Praticò, Manuela Ceccarelli, Giannicola Iannella, Annalisa Pace, Federica Maria Parisi, Giuseppe Magliulo, Antonino Maniaci
BACKGROUND: Lemierre syndrome is a rare, potentially fatal complication of oropharyngeal infections characterized by septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein. It primarily affects healthy adolescents and young adults. Its incidence declined after the antibiotic era, but it may have resurged in recent decades, likely due to judicious antibiotic use and increasing bacterial resistance. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are imperative to prevent significant morbidity and mortality...
March 18, 2024: Pediatric Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535474/novel-1-3-4-thiadiazole-3-2-a-pyrimidin-5-ones-as-promising-biofilm-dispersal-agents-against-relevant-gram-positive-and-gram-negative-pathogens
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniela Carbone, Camilla Pecoraro, Fabio Scianò, Valentina Catania, Domenico Schillaci, Barbara Manachini, Stella Cascioferro, Patrizia Diana, Barbara Parrino
Biofilm-associated infections pose significant challenges in healthcare settings due to their resistance to conventional antimicrobial therapies. In the last decade, the marine environment has been a precious source of bioactive molecules, including numerous derivatives with antibiofilm activity. In this study, we reported the synthesis and the biological evaluation of a new series of twenty-two thiadiazopyrimidinone derivatives obtained by using a hybridization approach combining relevant chemical features of two important classes of marine compounds: nortopsentin analogues and Essramycin derivatives...
March 15, 2024: Marine Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535323/in-silico-analysis-of-novel-bacterial-metabolites-with-anticancer-activities
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pfariso Maumela, Mahloro Hope Serepa-Dlamini
Resistance to anticancer therapeutics is a major global concern. Thus, new anticancer agents should be aimed against novel protein targets to effectively mitigate the increased resistance. This study evaluated the potential of secondary metabolites from a bacterial endophyte, as new anticancer agents, against a novel protein target, fibroblast growth factor. In silico genomic characterization of the Bacillus sp. strain MHSD_37 was used to identify potential genes involved in encoding secondary metabolites with biological activity...
March 13, 2024: Metabolites
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535319/metabolomics-and-lipidomics-analyses-aid-model-classification-of-type-2-diabetes-in-non-human-primates
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peining Tao, Stacey Conarello, Thomas P Wyche, Nanyan Rena Zhang, Keefe Chng, John Kang, Theodore R Sana
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global public health issue characterized by excess weight, abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and a progressive increase in insulin resistance. Human population studies of T2D development and its effects on systemic metabolism are confounded by many factors that cannot be controlled, complicating the interpretation of results and the identification of early biomarkers. Aged, sedentary, and overweight/obese non-human primates (NHPs) are one of the best animal models to mimic spontaneous T2D development in humans...
March 9, 2024: Metabolites
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535265/reduction-in-pathogenic-biofilms-by-the-photoactive-composite-of-bacterial-cellulose-and-nanochitosan-dots-under-blue-and-green-light
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Danica Z Zmejkoski, Nemanja M Zdravković, Milica D Budimir Filimonović, Vladimir B Pavlović, Svetlana V Butulija, Dušan D Milivojević, Zoran M Marković, Biljana M Todorović Marković
In this study, nanochitosan dots (ChiDs) were synthesized using gamma rays and encapsulated in bacterial cellulose (BC) polymer matrix for antibiofilm potential in photodynamic therapy. The composites were analyzed for structural changes using SEM, AFM, FTIR, XRD, EPR, and porosity measurements. Additionally, ChiD release was assessed. The results showed that the chemical composition remained unaltered, but ChiD agglomerates embedded in BC changed shape (1.5-2.5 µm). Bacterial cellulose fibers became deformed and interconnected, with increased surface roughness and porosity and decreased crystallinity...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Functional Biomaterials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534839/use-of-biomaterials-in-3d-printing-as-a-solution-to-microbial-infections-in-arthroplasty-and-osseous-reconstruction
#16
REVIEW
Argyrios Periferakis, Aristodemos-Theodoros Periferakis, Lamprini Troumpata, Serban Dragosloveanu, Iosif-Aliodor Timofticiuc, Spyrangelos Georgatos-Garcia, Andreea-Elena Scheau, Konstantinos Periferakis, Ana Caruntu, Ioana Anca Badarau, Cristian Scheau, Constantin Caruntu
The incidence of microbial infections in orthopedic prosthetic surgeries is a perennial problem that increases morbidity and mortality, representing one of the major complications of such medical interventions. The emergence of novel technologies, especially 3D printing, represents a promising avenue of development for reducing the risk of such eventualities. There are already a host of biomaterials, suitable for 3D printing, that are being tested for antimicrobial properties when they are coated with bioactive compounds, such as antibiotics, or combined with hydrogels with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, such as chitosan and metal nanoparticles, among others...
March 1, 2024: Biomimetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534721/high-loading-dose-colistin-with-nebulized-administration-for-carbapenem-resistant-acinetobacter-baumannii-pneumonia-in-critically-ill-patients-a-retrospective-cohort-study
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wasan Katip, Ajaree Rayanakorn, Chuleegone Sornsuvit, Purida Wientong, Peninnah Oberdorfer, Puntapong Taruangsri, Teerapong Nampuan
Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) infections pose a serious threat, with high morbidity and mortality rates. This retrospective cohort study, conducted at Nakornping Hospital between January 2015 and October 2022, aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a high loading dose (LD) of colistin combined with nebulized colistin in critically ill patients with CRAB pneumonia. Of the 261 patients included, 95 received LD colistin, and 166 received LD colistin with nebulized colistin. Multivariate Cox regression analysis, adjusted for baseline covariates using inverse probability weighting, showed no significant difference in 30-day survival between patients who received LD colistin and those who received LD colistin with nebulized colistin (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1...
March 21, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534720/antimicrobial-and-diagnostic-stewardship-of-the-novel-%C3%AE-lactam-%C3%AE-lactamase-inhibitors-for-infections-due-to-carbapenem-resistant-enterobacterales-species-and-pseudomonas-aeruginosa
#18
REVIEW
Stefanos Ferous, Cleo Anastassopoulou, Vassiliki Pitiriga, Georgia Vrioni, Athanasios Tsakris
Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections are a major public health threat due to the limited therapeutic options available. The introduction of the new β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors (BL/BLIs) has, however, altered the treatment options for such pathogens. Thus, four new BL/BLI combinations-namely, ceftazidime/avibactam, meropenem/vaborbactam, imipenem/relebactam, and ceftolozane/tazobactam-have been approved for infections attributed to carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales species and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ...
March 21, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534718/one-hundred-explicit-definitions-of-potentially-inappropriate-prescriptions-of-antibiotics-in-hospitalized-older-patients-the-results-of-an-expert-consensus-study
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicolas Baclet, Emmanuel Forestier, Gaëtan Gavazzi, Claire Roubaud-Baudron, Vincent Hiernard, Rozenn Hequette-Ruz, Serge Alfandari, Hugues Aumaître, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Pauline Caraux-Paz, Alexandre Charmillon, Sylvain Diamantis, Thibaut Fraisse, Pierre Gazeau, Maxime Hentzien, Jean-Philippe Lanoix, Marc Paccalin, Alain Putot, Yvon Ruch, Eric Senneville, Jean-Baptiste Beuscart
BACKGROUND: In geriatrics, explicit criteria for potentially inappropriate prescriptions (PIPs) are useful for optimizing drug use. OBJECTIVE: To produce an expert consensus on explicit definitions of antibiotic-PIPs for hospitalized older patients. METHODS: We conducted a Delphi survey involving French experts on antibiotic stewardship in hospital settings. During the survey's rounds, the experts gave their opinion on each explicit definition, and could suggest new definitions...
March 20, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534717/risk-factors-and-outcomes-of-community-acquired-carbapenem-resistant-klebsiella-pneumoniae-infection-in-elderly-patients
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yen-Chou Chen, I-Ting Tsai, Chung-Hsu Lai, Kuo-Hsuan Lin, Yin-Chou Hsu
The increasing prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) infections is a global concern. Elderly patients have a diminished immune response and functional reserve, and are thus more vulnerable to bacterial infection. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors and outcomes in elderly patients with community-acquired CRKP infections. We performed a retrospective cohort study in a tertiary medical center between 1 January 2021, and 31 December 2021. All elderly patients who visited the emergency department during this period with culture-positive K...
March 20, 2024: Antibiotics
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