keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527188/true-and-false-memories-for-spatial-location-evoke-more-similar-patterns-of-brain-activity-in-males-than-females
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dylan S Spets, Jessica M Karanian, Scott D Slotnick
True and false memories recruit a number of shared brain regions; however, they are not completely overlapping. Extensive sex differences have been identified in the brain during true memories and, recently, we identified sex differences in the brain during false memories. In the current fMRI study, we sought to determine whether sex differences existed in the location and extent of overlap between true and false memories. True and false memories activated a number of shared brain regions. Compared to females, males produced a greater number of overlapping brain regions (8 versus 2 activations for males and females, respectively) including the prefrontal cortex, parietal cortex, and early/late visual processing cortices (including V1) in males and prefrontal and parietal cortices in females...
March 25, 2024: Memory
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525754/neurocognitive-effects-of-an-online-brain-health-program-and-weekly-telehealth-support-group-in-older-adults-with-subjective-memory-loss-a-pilot-study
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ryan M Glatt, Amylee Amos, David A Merrill, John F Hodes, Claudia L Wong, Karen J Miller, Prabha Siddarth
INTRODUCTION: Adopting healthy lifestyle behaviors has the potential to slow cognitive decline in older adults by reducing risks associated with dementia. Curriculum-based group health coaching may aid in establishing behavior change centered for dementia risk factors. METHODS: In this pilot clinical care patient group study ( n = 6), we examined the effects of a six-month online Cognitive Health Program combined with a weekly telehealth support group led by the course creator, and personalized health optimization by a collaborating physician, in older adults with subjective cognitive decline...
March 14, 2024: Geriatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525330/kairos-study-protocol-a-multidisciplinary-approach-to-the-study-of-school-timing-and-its-effects-on-health-well-being-and-students-performance
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Gabaldón-Estevan, Diego Carmona-Talavera, Belén Catalán-Gregori, Elena Mañas-García, Vanessa Martin-Carbonell, Lucía Monfort, Elvira Martinez-Besteiro, Mònica González-Carrasco, María Jesús Hernández-Jiménez, Kadri Täht, Marta Talavera, Ana Ancheta-Arrabal, Guillermo Sáez, Nuria Estany, Gonzalo Pin-Arboledas, Catia Reis
Recent evidence from chronobiology, chssronomedicine and chronopsychology shows that the organisation of social time (e.g., school schedules) generally does not respect biological time. This raises concerns about the impact of the constant mismatch between students' social and internal body clocks on their health, well-being and academic performance. The present paper describes a protocol used to investigate the problem of (de) synchronisation of biological times (chronotypes) in childhood and youth in relation to school times...
2024: Frontiers in Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523798/sleep-dependent-engram-reactivation-during-hippocampal-memory-consolidation-associated-with-subregion-specific-biosynthetic-changes
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lijing Wang, Lauren Park, Weisheng Wu, Dana King, Alexis Vega-Medina, Frank Raven, Jessy Martinez, Amy Ensing, Katherine McDonald, Zhongying Yang, Sha Jiang, Sara J Aton
Post-learning sleep is essential for hippocampal memory processing, including contextual fear memory consolidation. We labeled context-encoding engram neurons in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) and assessed reactivation of these neurons after fear learning. Post-learning sleep deprivation (SD) selectively disrupted reactivation of inferior blade DG engram neurons, linked to SD-induced suppression of neuronal activity in the inferior, but not superior DG blade. Subregion-specific spatial profiling of transcripts revealed that transcriptomic responses to SD differed greatly between hippocampal CA1, CA3, and DG inferior blade, superior blade, and hilus...
April 19, 2024: IScience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522498/sub-acute-administration-of-metal-organic-framework-5-induces-behavioral-impairments-and-augments-the-levels-of-oxidative-stress-and-inflammation-in-the-brain-of-rats
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fatemeh Naghdi Babaei, Moein Shirzad, Maryam Ghasemi-Kasman, Sara Ghadir, Nima Hasaniani, Shahram Ghasemi, Danial Amiri Manjili
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are known as potential pharmaceutical carriers because of their structure. Here, we evaluated the sub-acute administrations of MOF-5 on behavioral parameters, oxidative stress, and inflammation levels in rats. Thirty-two male Wistar rats received four injections of saline or MOF-5 at different doses which were 1, 10, and 50 mg/kg via caudal vein. Y-Maze and Morris-Water Maze (MWM) test were used to explore working memory and spatial learning and memory, respectively. The antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress level of rat brains were assessed by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS) assay, respectively...
March 22, 2024: Food and Chemical Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522309/chuanzhitongluo-capsule-improves-cognitive-impairment-in-mice-with-chronic-cerebral-hypoperfusion-via-the-cholinergic-anti-inflammatory-pathway
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhiyuan Wang, Bin Han, Jianjiao Qi, Xuelei Cao, Huali Gu, Jinping Sun
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) has become a common disease-causing cognitive deficit in humans, second only to Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Chuanzhitongluo capsule (CZTL) is a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) preparation known for its effective protection against cerebral ischemia. However, its potential to ameliorate VCI remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the cognitive improvement effects of CZTL in a mouse model of VCI. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) was induced in mice by bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) to simulate the pathological changes associated with VCI...
March 22, 2024: Experimental Gerontology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521860/protective-effect-of-pde4b-subtype-specific-inhibition-in-an-app-knock-in-mouse-model-for-alzheimer-s-disease
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paul Armstrong, Hüseyin Güngör, Pariya Anongjanya, Clare Tweedy, Edward Parkin, Jamie Johnston, Ian M Carr, Neil Dawson, Steven J Clapcote
Meta-analysis of genome-wide association study data has implicated PDE4B in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the leading cause of senile dementia. PDE4B encodes one of four subtypes of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-specific phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4A-D). To interrogate the involvement of PDE4B in the manifestation of AD-related phenotypes, the effects of a hypomorphic mutation (Pde4bY358C ) that decreases PDE4B's cAMP hydrolytic activity were evaluated in the AppNL-G-F knock-in mouse model of AD using the Barnes maze test of spatial memory, 14 C-2-deoxyglucose autoradiography, thioflavin-S staining of β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques, and inflammatory marker assay and transcriptomic analysis (RNA sequencing) of cerebral cortical tissue...
March 23, 2024: Neuropsychopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520880/motor-cognitive-and-behavioral-impairment-in-tlr3-and-tlr9-deficient-male-mice-insights-into-the-non-immunological-roles-of-toll-like-receptors
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Héctor Vargas-Calderón, Emmanuel Ortega-Robles, Luisa Rocha, Philipp Yu, Oscar Arias-Carrión
BACKGROUND: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a critical role in initiating the innate immune response to infection or injury. Recent studies have uncovered their intriguing functions as moonlighting proteins involved in various biological processes, including development, learning, and memory. However, the specific functions of individual TLRs are still largely unknown. AIMS: We investigated the effects of TLR3 and TLR9 receptor deficiency on motor, cognitive, and behavioral functions during development using genetically modified male mice of different ages...
March 22, 2024: Archives of Medical Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520305/theta-and-alpha-oscillations-in-human-hippocampus-and-medial-parietal-cortex-support-the-formation-of-location-based-representations
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Akul Satish, Vanessa G Keller, Sumaiyah Raza, Shona Fitzpatrick, Aidan J Horner
Our ability to navigate in a new environment depends on learning new locations. Mental representations of locations are quickly accessible during navigation and allow us to know where we are regardless of our current viewpoint. Recent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research using pattern classification has shown that these location-based representations emerge in the retrosplenial cortex and parahippocampal gyrus, regions theorized to be critically involved in spatial navigation. However, little is currently known about the oscillatory dynamics that support the formation of location-based representations...
March 23, 2024: Hippocampus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519794/perinatal-compromise-affects-development-form-and-function-of-the-hippocampus-part-one-clinical-studies
#30
REVIEW
Tegan A White, Suzanne L Miller, Amy E Sutherland, Beth J Allison, Emily J Camm
The hippocampus is a neuron-rich specialised brain structure that plays a central role in the regulation of emotions, learning and memory, cognition, spatial navigation, and motivational processes. In human fetal development, hippocampal neurogenesis is principally complete by mid-gestation, with subsequent maturation comprising dendritogenesis and synaptogenesis in the third trimester of pregnancy and infancy. Dendritogenesis and synaptogenesis underpin connectivity. Hippocampal development is exquisitely sensitive to perturbations during pregnancy and at birth...
March 22, 2024: Pediatric Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519780/super-optimality-and-relative-distance-coding-in-location-memory
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gordon McIntire, Stephen Dopkins
The prevailing model of landmark integration in location memory is Maximum Likelihood Estimation, which assumes that each landmark implies a target location distribution that is narrower for more reliable landmarks. This model assumes weighted linear combination of landmarks and predicts that, given optimal integration, the reliability with multiple landmarks is the sum of the reliabilities with the individual landmarks. Super-optimality is reliability with multiple landmarks exceeding optimal reliability given the reliability with each landmark alone; this is shown when performance exceeds predicted optimal performance, found by aggregating reliability values with single landmarks...
March 22, 2024: Memory & Cognition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519758/the-influence-of-depth-on-object-selection-and-manipulation-in-visual-working-memory-within-a-3d-context
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiehui Qian, Bingxue Fu, Ziqi Gao, Bowen Tan
Recent studies have examined whether the internal selection mechanism functions similarly for perception and visual working memory (VWM). However, the process of how we access and manipulate object representations distributed in a 3D space remains unclear. In this study, we utilized a memory search task to investigate the effect of depth on object selection and manipulation within VWM. The memory display consisted of colored items half positioned at the near depth plane and the other half at the far plane. During memory maintenance, the participants were instructed to search for a target representation and update its color...
March 22, 2024: Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519757/ebbinghaus-m%C3%A3-ller-lyer-and-ponzo-three-examples-of-bidirectional-space-time-interference
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Bratzke
Previous studies have shown interference between illusory size and perceived duration. The present study replicated this space-time interference in three classic visual-spatial illusions, the Ebbinghaus, the Müller-Lyer, and the Ponzo illusion. The results showed bidirectional interference between illusory size and duration for all three illusions. That is, subjectively larger stimuli were judged to be presented longer, and stimuli that were presented longer were judged to be larger. Thus, cross-dimensional interference between illusory size and duration appears to be a robust phenomenon and to generalize across a wide range of visual size illusions...
March 22, 2024: Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517398/high-task-demand-in-dual-target-paradigm-redirects-experimentally-increased-anxiety-to-uphold-goal-directed-attention
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miloš Stanković, Fredrik Allenmark, Zhuanghua Shi
Previous research has shown that state anxiety facilitates stimulus-driven attentional capture and impairs goal-directed attentional control by increasing sensitivity to salient distractors or threat cues or narrowing spatial attention. However, recent findings in this area have been mixed, and less is known about how state-dependent anxiety may affect attentional performance. Here, we employed a novel dual-target search paradigm to investigate this relationship. This paradigm allowed us to investigate attentional control and how focus narrows under different anxiety states...
April 2024: Perception
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517361/geraniol-attenuates-oxidative-stress-and-neuroinflammation-mediated-cognitive-impairment-in-d-galactose-induced-mouse-aging-model
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peramaiyan Rajendran, Fatma J Al-Saeedi, Rebai Ben Ammar, Basem M Abdallah, Enas M Ali, Najla Khaled Al Abdulsalam, Sujatha Tejavat, Duaa Althumairy, Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan, Sarah Abdulaziz Alamer, Gamal M Bekhet, Emad A Ahmed
D-galactose (D-gal) administration was proven to induce cognitive impairment and aging in rodents' models. Geraniol (GNL) belongs to the acyclic isoprenoid monoterpenes. GNL reduces inflammation by changing important signaling pathways and cytokines, and thus it is plausible to be used as a medicine for treating disorders linked to inflammation. Herein, we examined the therapeutic effects of GNL on D-gal-induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation-mediated memory loss in mice. The study was conducted using six groups of mice (6 mice per group)...
March 20, 2024: Aging
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516827/hippocampal-lesions-impair-non-navigational-spatial-memory-in-macaques
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patrick A Forcelli, Elyssa M LaFlamme, Hannah F Waguespack, Richard C Saunders, Ludise Malkova
Decades of studies robustly support a critical role for the hippocampus in spatial memory across a wide range of species. Hippocampal damage produces clear and consistent deficits in allocentric spatial memory that requires navigating through space in rodents, non-human primates, and humans. By contrast, damage to the hippocampus spares performance in most non-navigational spatial memory tasks-which can typically be resolved using egocentric cues. We previously found that transient inactivation of the hippocampus impairs performance in the Hamilton Search Task (HST), a self-ordered non-navigational spatial search task...
March 22, 2024: Hippocampus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516799/use-of-interactive-mathematical-simulations-in-fundamentals-of-biochemistry-a-libretext-online-educational-resource-to-promote-understanding-of-dynamic-reactions
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Henry V Jakubowski, Henry Agnew, Bartholomew Jardine, Herbert M Sauro
Biology is perhaps the most complex of the sciences, given the incredible variety of chemical species that are interconnected in spatial and temporal pathways that are daunting to understand. Their interconnections lead to emergent properties such as memory, consciousness, and recognition of self and non-self. To understand how these interconnected reactions lead to cellular life characterized by activation, inhibition, regulation, homeostasis, and adaptation, computational analyses and simulations are essential, a fact recognized by the biological communities...
March 22, 2024: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515485/multiple-socioeconomic-risks-and-cognitive-impairment-among-older-men-and-women-in-india
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
T Muhammad, Manacy Pai, Manish Kumar, T V Sekher
INTRODUCTION: Socioeconomic status (SES) is negatively associated with innumerable health outcomes, including cognitive functioning. Yet much remains undiscovered about SES patterns in later-life cognition in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). The purpose of this study was to examine the association between separate and combined socioconomic risks and cognitive impairment among older adults in India. Further, given gender disparities in later life cognitive functioning and SES, the study examines the associations between socioeconomic risks and cognitive impairment separately, for older men and women...
December 2023: Dialogues Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514527/acute-administration-of-hiv-1-tat-protein-drives-glutamatergic-alterations-in-a-rodent-model-of-hiv-associated-neurocognitive-disorders
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brenna C Duffy, Kirsten M King, Binod Nepal, Michael R Nonnemacher, Sandhya Kortagere
HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are a major comorbidity of HIV-1 infection, marked by impairment of executive function varying in severity. HAND affects nearly half of people living with HIV (PLWH), with mild forms predominating since the use of anti-retroviral therapies (ART). The HIV-1 transactivator of transcription (Tat) protein is found in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients adherent to ART, and its administration or expression in animals causes cognitive symptoms. Studies of Tat interaction with the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) suggest that glutamate toxicity contributes to Tat-induced impairments...
March 22, 2024: Molecular Neurobiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514038/taar1-in-dentate-gyrus-is-involved-in-chronic-stress-induced-impairments-in-hippocampal-plasticity-and-cognitive-function
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yue Zhang, Xian-Qiang Zhang, Wei-Pan Niu, Meng Sun, Yanan Zhang, Ji-Tao Li, Tian-Mei Si, Yun-Ai Su
Multiple lines of evidence suggest that the trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) holds promise as a potential target for stress-related disorders, such as treating major depressive disorder (MDD). The role of TAAR1 in the regulation of adult neurogenesis is recently supported by transcriptomic data. However, it remains unknown whether TAAR1 in dentate gyrus (DG) mediate chronic stress-induced negative effects on hippocampal plasticity and related behavior in mice. The present study consisted of a series of experiments using RNAscope, genetic approaches, behavioral tests, immunohistochemical staining, Golgi-Cox technique to unravel the effects of TAAR1 on alterations of dentate neuronal plasticity and cognitive function in the chronic social defeat stress model...
March 19, 2024: Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry
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