neonato

It is estimated that 96% of infants with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) are born in resource-limited settings with no capacity to provide the standard of care that has been established for nearly 15 years in high-resource countries, which includes therapeutic hypothermia (TH), continuous electroencephalographic monitoring and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in addition to close vital signs and haemodynamic monitoring. This situation does not seem to be changing; however, even with these limitations, currently available knowledge can help improve the care of HIE patients in resource-limited settings...

PURPOSE: To analyze hyperbilirubinemia as an indicator for the definition of risk protocol in newborn hearing screening (NHS) and in auditory monitoring in full-term and preterm neonates. METHODS: This is an observational, cross-sectional and retrospective study. A total of 554 children born in a public maternity hospital were included and divided into two groups: (G1) with 373 full-terms neonates; (G2) with 181 preterm neonates. Data were collected from the participant's medical records to obtain information regarding the result of the NHS, performed by recording the automated auditory brainstem response (AABR), birth conditions, clinical characteristics, interventions performed, and results of the first test of total bilirubin (TB) and indirect bilirubin (IB) as well as the peak of TB and IB...

OBJETIVOS: describir los conocimientos, la idoneidad y las prácticas respecto a la "Guía de práctica clínica (GPC) basada en la evidencia para la atención integral de la sífilis gestacional (SG) y congénita (SC)". Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Incluyó médicos generales, especialistas y enfermeras que laboraban en 52 instituciones de salud en el departamento de Bolívar (Colombia) y realizan el control prenatal o la atención al neonato en el 2020...

Introducción: El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue estimar la prevalencia de exposición prenatal a drogas y el impacto neonatal. Material y Métodos: Estudio prospectivo, observacional, transversal y analítico de embarazadas y recién nacidos ingresados entre marzo y septiembre del 2021. Para estimar la prevalencia de consumo se utilizaron como métodos de detección la encuesta y la detección de drogas en orina materna. Resultados: El consumo de alcohol tuvo una prevalencia del 46...

Depressed skull fractures without a clear explanation as to their origin point to trauma with a blunt object and suspected child abuse. In the case of newborn infants, their young age is a vulnerability factor and requires an exhaustive assessment. When child abuse is suspected, an assessment of the differential diagnoses is required to make the most appropriate intervention possible. Both an excessive intervention and an omission of a necessary intervention should be avoided. Congenital depressed skull fractures, described as "ping-pong fractures", are rare (0...

Health care-associated infections are common in neonatology, but there is no consensus on their definitions. This makes it difficult to compare their incidence or assess the effectiveness of prevention bundles. This is why we think it is very important to achieve a consensus on the definitions and diagnostic criteria for one of the most frequent causes of morbidity in hospitalised neonates. This document aims to standardise the definitions for the most frequent health care-associated infections, such as catheter-associated bloodstream infection, ventilator-associated pneumonia and surgical wound infection, as well as the approach to their diagnosis and treatment...

OBJETIVOS: reportar un caso de diagnóstico prenatal de riñón ectópico intratorácico (REI) con hernia diafragmática y manejo quirúrgico neonatal, y hacer una revisión de la literatura sobre diagnóstico prenatal de REI y el pronóstico perinatal. Materiales y métodos: se reporta el caso de un feto de 28 semanas en el que se observó imagen ecográfica sugestiva de masa en hemitórax derecho que desplazaba corazón y pulmón; se confirmó que correspondía a un riñón intratorácico...

INTRODUCTION: Radiographs are still widely used, underestimating the risks. This situation is frequent in neonatal care units, generating radiation doses than in adults. OBJECTIVE: To quantify the received radiation doses when performing radiographs on neonates and the possible factors associated with higher doses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed an observational study of 160 neonates from the newborn unit of the Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia...

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of imaging tests (prenatal ultrasound [US] and postnatal computed tomography [CT]) in comparison to histology for diagnosis of congenital lung malformations (CLMs). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective study of patients with a prenatal diagnosis of CLM whose postnatal follow-up included thoracic CT scan and histological examination of the lesion. We collected data on demographic variables, gestational age at diagnosis, US findings and the history of multiple gestation...

Introduction: Evaluating the visual functions of children with an easy-to-use and evidence-based method during the preverbal period will enable early diagnosis and intervention of visual impairments. The aim of this study is to determine the utility and reliability of the Turkish version of the Preverbal Visual Assessment (PreViAs) questionnaire, which was developed to evaluate the visual functioning of preverbal infants. Population and Methods: The PreViAs questionnaire was administered to primary caregivers of term infants under 24 months of age, and their responses were recorded...

INTRODUCTION: In neonatal units, umbilical vessel catheterization is the preferred method to gain vascular access in the initial management of the newborn because it is quick and easy. The failure rate ranges from to 50%, as the catheter can be found in the portal system in up to 40% of cases, leading to complications. This failure rate warrants the investigation of different methods to reduce the frequency of catheter malposition. We describe different techniques to improve the success rate in umbilical vein catheterization, such as the double catheter technique, positioning the newborn in right lateral decubitus for insertion, liver compression, and ultrasound-guided catheter insertion...

BACKGROUND: The morbidity of early-term newborns (ETNBs) is associated with the immaturity of their organs and maternal biological factors (MBF). In this study, we determined the relationship between MBF and early-term birth. In addition, we assessed the role of gestational age (GA) and MBF in the morbidity of ETNBs compared with full-term newborns (FTNBs). METHODS: This retrospective cohort included ETNBs and FTNBs. The frequency of morbidities was compared between groups stratified by GA with the X2 test or Fisher's exact test...

OBJECTIVES: Serratia marcescens (SM) may cause nosocomial outbreaks in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU). We describe an outbreak of SM in a NICU and propose additional prevention and control recommendations. METHODS: Between March 2019 and January 2020, samples were taken from patients in the NICU (rectal, pharyngeal, axillary and other locations) and from 15 taps and their sinks. Control measures were implemented including thorough cleaning of incubators, health education to staff and neonates'relatives, and use of single-dose containers...

OBJECTIVE: Klebsiella oxytoca can cause nosocomial infections, affecting vulnerable newborns. There are few studies describing nosocomial outbreaks in the neonatal intensive care units (NICU). In this study, a systematic review of the literature was carried out to know the main characteristics of these outbreaks and the evolution of one is described. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review in the Medline database up to July 2022, and present a descriptive study of an outbreak with 21 episodes in the NICU of a tertiary hospital, between September 2021 and January 2022...

OBJETIVOS: describir las características clínicas y el tratamiento del embarazo ectópico implantado en la cicatriz de cesárea, así como las complicaciones y el pronóstico obstétrico. Materiales y métodos: estudio de cohorte retrospectivo de gestantes con diagnóstico de embarazo ectópico implantado en la cicatriz de cesárea según los criterios de la Sociedad de Medicina Materno-Fetal, atendidas entre enero de 2018 y marzo de 2022 en dos instituciones de alta complejidad, pertenecientes a la seguridad social, ubicadas en Lima, Perú...

Introduction. A non-invasive and safe way to assess neurophysiological parameters in newborn infants is the evaluation of brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs). Objective. To assess the latencies and wave intervals of BAEPs in healthy newborn infants born in a high-altitude area (Cusco, 3399 MASL). Population and methods. Cross-sectional and prospective study. Newborn infants younger than 14 days of age, discharged less than 7 days after birth, were assessed to determine BAEP values at intensities of 70 dB, 80 dB, and 90 dB...

INTRODUCTION: Fungal urinary tract infections predominantly affect the critically ill premature infant and those with urogenital tract abnormalities. Fungal balls are an uncommon complication which require prompt detection and treatment to prevent morbidity and mortality. The evidence on the management of fungus balls in young infants with Candida urinary tract infections is very scarce. METHODS: Case reports and review of the literature. RESULTS: We report two immunocompetent young infants with urogenital abnormalities that received local amphotericin B deoxycholate, and systemic therapy, for the treatment and prevention of Candida urinary tract infection-associated fungus balls...

INTRODUCTION: The objective of the study was to establish the normal range for the levels of antithrombin (AT), protein C (PC), and protein S (PS) in the first week post birth in mother-infant pairings, adjusting for obstetric and perinatal factors, based on 2 different laboratory methods. METHODS: Determinations were carried out in 83 healthy term neonates and their mothers, establishing 3 postpartum age groups: 1-2 days, 3 days, and 4-7 days. RESULTS: There were no differences in the levels of any of the proteins between the different age groups in neonates or mothers in the first week post birth...

INTRODUCTION: The measurement of pain is the fundamental prerequisite for its proper management. Since newborns are unable to communicate verbally, neonatal algometric scales have been developed. However, no gold standard has been identified yet. OBJECTIVE: To identify and classify the most suitable and effective scales for different kinds of pain for term and preterm newborns in different clinical settings. METHOD: The review was carried out between December 2019 and November 2020 by consulting the PubMed and CINAHL Database, combining Mesh terms and free text with appropriate inclusion and exclusion filters...

BACKGROUND: Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) has been related to impaired fetal growth, possibly by affecting hematopoiesis. This study aimed to analyze the most frequent hematological alterations in preterm infants born to mothers with PIH. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study in newborns born to mothers with PIH. We reviewed 130 hemograms of preterm infants: 45 from mothers with PIH, 71 with preeclampsia, and 14 with HELLP syndrome (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count)...