dhat

Dhat syndrome is a culture-bound syndrome in which patients believe that they pass Dhat (semen) with their urine, feces, sweat, and saliva that causes lethargy, apathy, dysphoria, and depression. Here, we report a case of a 47-year-old man who presented with complaints of burning sensation in the whole body, especially in the pubic region, and insomnia for the last 5 years. This case could be enlightening for clinicians in South Asia in daily clinical practice and family physicians in Western countries where immigrants from Dhat syndrome prevailing countries could present with complex cultural myths and superstitious beliefs...

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AIM: The study aimed to evaluate the females presenting with the complaint of nonpathological vaginal discharge to a general gynecology outpatient service in a rural community clinic from the perspective of female Dhat syndrome. METHODOLOGY: Sixty-nine females considered to have nonpathological vaginal discharge after detailed gynecological evaluation, including required investigations, attending a rural community clinic were assessed for their belief about the vaginal discharge...

Free radicals often interact with vital proteins, violating their structure and inhibiting their activity. In previous studies, synthesis, characterisation, and the antioxidative properties of the five different coumarin derivatives have been investigated. In the tests of potential toxicity, all compounds exhibited low toxicity with significant antioxidative potential at the same time. In this paper, the radical scavenging activity of the abovementioned coumarin derivatives towards ten different radical species was investigated...

This study was designed to gain information about the underlying mechanisms of the effects of a food-occurring free oxidized amino acid, α-aminoadipic acid (AAA), on the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri PL503. This bacterium was incubated in colonic-simulated conditions (37 °C for 24 h in microaerophilic conditions) and exposed to three food-compatible AAA concentrations, namely, 1 mM, 5 mM, and 10 mM. A control group with no AAA exposure was also considered. Each of the four experimental conditions was replicated three times and samplings were collected at 12, 16, 20, and 24 h...

BACKGROUND: Dhat syndrome is a culture-bound syndrome prevailing in the Indian subcontinent, first described in the 1960s. Over time, newer studies are exploring various aspects of Dhat syndrome, including its epidemiology, nosology, clinical features, and management predominantly in South Asia. We aimed to review the epidemiology, nosology, clinical presentation, and management of Dhat syndrome over the last six decades through a systematic review of studies. METHODS: We searched PubMed and Scopus using the following search terms - "Dhat syndrome," "Semen loss syndrome," "Semen loss anxiety" together with the Boolean operator OR...

Sexual health, an essential component of individual's health, is influenced by many complex issues including sexual behavior, attitudes, societal, and cultural factors on the one hand and while on the other hand, biological aspects, genetic predisposition, and associated mental and physical illnesses. Sexual health is a neglected area, even though it influences mortality, morbidity, and disability. Dhat syndrome (DS), the term coined by Dr. N. N. Wig, has been at the forefront of advancements in understanding and misunderstanding...

Tumor recurrence after radiotherapy due to the presence of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) is a clinical challenge, and the mechanism remains unclear. Low levels of ROS and enhanced antioxidant defenses are shown to contribute to increasing radioresistance. However, the role of Nrf2-Keap1-Bach1 signaling in the radioresistance of BCSCs remains elusive. Fractionated radiation increased the percentage of the ALDH-expressing subpopulation and their sphere formation ability, promoted mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition and enhanced radioresistance in BCSCs...

This study aimed to provide insight into the molecular and genetic mechanisms implicated in the responses of Lactobacillus reuteri against the oxidative stress induced by malondialdehyde (MDA) by analysing protein oxidation and assessing the uspA and the dhaT genes. Four experimental groups were evaluated depending on the concentration of MDA added in Man, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) broth: Control (L. reuteri), 5 µM (L. reuteri + 5 µM MDA), 25 µM (L. reuteri + 25 µM MDA) and 100 µM (L. reuteri + 100 µM MDA)...

Caffeic acid ester derivatives have been widely found in propolis extract and plants. In this work, the effect of ester groups with different aromatic and alkyl chains on the antioxidant activity of caffeic acid was performed on the double H+ /e- process using DFT calculations. We found that 1) O3-H3⋯O4 intramolecular hydrogen-bonds exist in the catechol moiety of the investigated compounds, which have the same strength and are closed shell interactions, weak-strength and electrostatic in nature, making the 4-OH more favourable than 3-OH to trap free radicals...

The necessity of costly co-enzyme B12 for the activity of glycerol dehydratase (GDHt) is considered as a major bottleneck in sustainable bioproduction of 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD) from glycerol. Here, an E. coil Rosetta-dhaB1-dhaB2 strain was constructed by overexpressing a B12 -independent GDHt (dhaB1) and its activating factor (dhaB2) from Clostridium butyricum. Subsequently, it was used in designing a co-culture with E. coli BL21-dhaT that overexpressed 1,3-PD oxidoreductase (dhaT), to produce 1,3-PD during co-fermentation of glycerol and glucose...

Diols are versatile chemicals used for multiple manufacturing products. In some previous studies, Escherichia coli has been engineered to produce 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PDO) and 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) from glucose. However, there are no reports on the direct production of these diols from starch instead of glucose as a substrate. In this study, we directly produced 1,2-PDO and 1,3-PDO from starch using E. coli engineered for expressing a heterologous α-amylase, along with the expression of 1,2-PDO and 1,3-PDO synthetic genes...

We report a type of highly efficient double hydrogen atom transfer (DHAT) reaction. The reactivities of 3-aminopropanol and 2-aminoethanol towards Criegee intermediates ( syn - and anti -CH 3 CHOO) were found to be much higher than those of n -propanol and propylamine. Quantum chemistry calculation has confirmed that the main mechanism of these very rapid reactions is DHAT, in which, the nucleophilic attack of NH 2 group is catalyzed by the OH group which acts as a bridge of HAT. Typical gas-phase DHAT reactions are termolecular reactions involving two hydrogen bonding molecules; these reactions are typically slow due to the substantial entropy reduction of bringing three molecules together...

Rooperol and its derivatives, derived from the Hypoxis rooperi plant, are polyphenolic and norlignan compounds with excellent antioxidant activities. The reaction enthalpies for the free-radical scavenging by rooperol and its six derivatives were studied using density functional theory. We found that the C-H groups played a significant role in the antioxidant activities in non-polar phases. In the gas and benzene phases, rooperol and its derivatives preferentially underwent the free-radical scavenging process via the 3‒CH group by following the hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) mechanism...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

This computational and experimental work aims to elucidate physicochemical and photo-physical natures of free radical scavenging and ultraviolet radiation (UVR) filtering activities of five terpenoids available in the extract of marine fungus. The antioxidant activities of ochraceopone F (C1), aspertetranone D (C2), cycloechinulin (C3), wasabidienone E (C4) and mactanamide (C5) are evaluated by using density functional theory (DFT) at the M05-2X/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory in the gas phase, water and pentyl ethanoate (PEA)...

BACKGROUND: 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) is the most widely studied value-added product that can be produced by feeding glycerol to bacteria, including Lactobacillus sp. However, previous research reported that L. reuteri only produced small amounts and had low productivity of 1,3-PDO. It is urgent to develop procedures that improve the production and productivity of 1,3-PDO. RESULTS: We identified a novel L. reuteri CH53 isolate that efficiently converted glycerol into 1,3-PDO, and performed batch co-fermentation with glycerol and glucose to evaluate its production of 1,3-PDO and other products...

Electrofermentation actively regulates the bacterial redox state, which is essential for bioconversion and has been highlighted as an effective method for further improvements of the productivity of either reduced or oxidized platform chemicals. 1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO) is an industrial value-added chemical that can be produced from glycerol fermentation. The bioconversion of 1,3-PDO from glycerol requires additional reducing energy under anoxic conditions. The cathode-based conversion of glycerol to 1,3-PDO with various electron shuttles (2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, neutral red, and hydroquinone) using Klebsiella pneumoniae L17 was investigated...

Klebsiella pneumoniae can naturally synthesize 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP), 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD), and 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BD) from glycerol. However, biosynthesis of these industrially important chemicals is constrained by troublesome byproducts. To clarify the influences of byproducts on 3-HP production, in this study, a total of eight byproduct-producing enzyme genes including pmd, poxB, frdB, fumC, dhaT, ilvH, adhP, and pflB were individually deleted from the K. pneumoniae genome. The resultant eight mutants presented different levels of metabolites...

Understanding of the mechanisms implicated in the protective role of probiotic bacteria is of the utmost scientific interest. This study provides original insight into the genetic and molecular basis of the responses of Lactobacillus reuteri PL503 against hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 )-induced oxidative stress. Six experimental groups were considered depending on the addition and concentration of H2 O2 and resveratrol: 1. CONTROL (L. reuteri in MRS broth); 2. H2 O2 (L. reuteri in MRS broth + 0.5 mM H2 O2 ); 3...