Deep mycosis

Scopulariopsis brevicaulis, a soil saprophyte, is the most common dermatomycotic mould and causes deep fungal infection. Ten canaries died in a flock of 200 and, at necropsy, S. brevicaulis was isolated from lung and beak samples. Macroscopically, the colonies were flat, velvety or powdery, white, tan, dark brown, grey or black. Microscopically, the isolated fungus had hyaline and septate hyphae, finger-like conidiophores on which annelids produced chains of conidia. On histopathological examination, multiple irregular thin red hyphae were seen in lung tissue of the canaries...

Introduction: Mucormycosis is a rare systemic fungal infection, mainly observed in immunocompromised patients. It is responsible for surface and deep tissue destruction leading to perforations and hemorrhage. Its pathogenesis represented by an angio-invasion is at the origin of a local infarction and a vascular thrombosis. We report a case of gastrointestinal (GI) mucormycosis-induced multiple gastric ulcers, GI bleeding and rectal perforation. Case Presentation: A 75-year-old man, with type II diabetes mellitus, was admitted to the intensive care unit for an acute abdominal pain associated with massive hematochezia...

The pharmacokinetics of voriconazole shows large intra-individual and inter-individual variability and is affected by various factors. Recently, inflammation has been focused as a significant factor affecting the variability. This study aimed to compare the influence of C-reactive protein (CRP) and other clinical laboratory parameters on intra-individual variability in trough voriconazole concentration and examine the impact of inflammation in patients with hematological malignancies. We conducted a retrospective, single-center, observational cohort study...

BACKGROUND: Primary cutaneous peripheral T-cell lymphomas with a T follicular helper phenotype (pcTFH-PTCL) are poorly characterized, often compared, but not corresponding, to mycosis fungoides (MF), Sézary syndrome, primary cutaneous CD4+ lymphoproliferative disorder, and skin manifestations of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphomas (AITL). OBJECTIVES: We described the clinicopathological features of pcTFH-PTCL in this original series of 23 patients, as well as molecularly characterised these cases...

Invasive candidiasis encompassing Candida bloodstream infections and deep-seated candidiasis can become a persistent health problem. These infections are caused by Candida species and have high morbidity and mortality rates. Species distribution, access to diagnosis, treatment and mortality are different around the world. The mortality rate is high in South America (30-70%), and Candida albicans is the most prevalent species in this region. However, a global epidemiological shift to non- albicans species has been observed...

BACKGROUND: Primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (PCBCL) classically presents with papules, plaques, and nodules/tumors. Previous reports of PCBCL manifesting with macular lesions are scarce and focused on primary cutaneous follicle-center cell lymphoma (PCFCL). OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to report our experience with PCBCL presenting with erythematous macules. METHODS: Patients with low-grade PCBCL manifesting with erythematous patches, diagnosed and managed between January 2000 through December 2019 at 2 tertiary cutaneous-lymphoma outpatient clinics, were included...

Sporotrichosis is a deep mycosis caused by dimorphic species of the genus Sporothrix, with differences in pathogenicity between S. schenckii and S. brasiliensis species. Recently, it was discovered that the cell wall peptidorhamnomannan (PRM) from S. brasiliensis has additional unknown rhamnose residues. We hypothesize that the structural differences of Sporothrix spp PRMs impact the host's immune response and may explain the severity of sporotrichosis caused by S. brasiliensis. We demonstrate that S. brasiliensis yeasts and its PRM (S...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Phosphorylation is a key post-translational modification central to the biological behavior of proteins. This reversible modification specifically regulates cell signaling mechanisms to control survival and growth. Moreover, microbial pathogens, including both fungi and bacteria, rely on this modification to coordinate protein production and functioning during infection and dissemination within a host. Understanding phosphorylation and its involvement with effector proteins and complex networks are now possible with the recent technological advancements of mass spectrometry...

A 58-year-old man was diagnosed with mycosis fungoides (MF) confirmed by skin biopsy for systemic erythema that appeared in 2006 and had been on psoralen plus ultraviolet A (PUVA) therapy and topical steroids. In September 2017, he had diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and received chemotherapy. Since March 2019, tumor stage MF with large cell transformation was observed, and chemotherapy containing brentuximab vedotin (BV) was performed, which yielded a remarkable response. During the preparation for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, bradykinesia, delayed response, and cognitive decline were observed...

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a life-threatening systemic fungal infection acquired after inhalation of Paracoccidioides propagules from the environment. The main agents include members of the P. brasiliensis complex (phylogenetically-defined species S1, PS2, PS3, and PS4) and P. lutzii . DNA-sequencing of protein-coding loci (e.g., GP43 , ARF , and TUB1 ) is the reference method for recognizing Paracoccidioides species due to a lack of robust phenotypic markers. Thus, developing new molecular markers that are informative and cost-effective is key to providing quality information to explore genetic diversity within Paracoccidioides ...

INTRODUCTION: Large-cell transformation (LCT) of mycosis fungoides (MF) has been associated with a higher risk of relapse and progression and, consequently, restricted prognosis. Its molecular pathogenesis has not been elucidated yet. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In order to address molecular mechanisms of LCT, we performed hybrid capture panel-based sequencing of skin biopsies from 10 patients suffering from MF with LCT versus 17 patients without LCT including follow-up biopsies during clinical course, respectively (51 samples in total)...

OBJECTIVES: For patients with hematological malignancy, triazole antifungal agents such as fluconazole (FLCZ), itraconazole (ITCZ), voriconazole (VRCZ), posaconazole (PSCZ) and isavuconazole (ISCZ) are often used for prophylaxis of deep mycosis. Since these azoles exhibit large pharmacokinetic variability, dose adjustment by therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended for some azoles. This study aimed to develop and validate a novel method for simultaneous determination of plasma concentrations of FLCZ, ITCZ, VRCZ, PSCZ, ISCZ and ITCZ-OH, an active metabolite of ITCZ, using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS)...

Fungal infections or mycosis cause a wide range of diseases in humans and animals. The incidences of community acquired; nosocomial fungal infections have increased dramatically after the emergence of COVID-19 pandemic. The increase in number of patients with immunodeficiency / immunosuppression related diseases, resistance to existing antifungal compounds and availability of limited therapeutic options has triggered the search for alternative antifungal molecules. In this direction, antifungal peptides (AFPs) have received a lot of interest as an alternative to currently available antifungal drugs...

Neutrophils are essential to control several fungal infections. These cells are commonly known for their pro-inflammatory activities. However, some studies have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory properties of neutrophils during certain infectious diseases, culminating in the inhibition of T cell proliferation. Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a deep and progressive mycosis that affects thousands of people worldwide. Although neutrophil infiltrates are observed in the lesion histopathology, the fungus can overtake the immune system response and destroy the host-infected tissue...

Equine pulmonary aspergillosis is a rare deep mycosis often due to the hematogenous spread of hyphae after gastrointestinal tract disease. We describe herein the main clinic-pathological findings observed in a foal, which spontaneously died after showing diarrhea and respiratory distress. Necropsy and histopathological investigations allowed to diagnose pulmonary aspergillosis, which likely developed after necrotic typhlitis-colitis. Biomolecular studies identified Aspergillus section Fumigati strain as the causative agent...

BACKGROUND: Currently, supplementary serological testing for β-D glucan (BDG) is often selected to diagnose deep mycosis in care covered by the health insurance in Japan. The Wako method used by our center has low sensitivity, and different studies have used different cut-off values due to factors that cause false positives and false negatives. One possible cause of false negatives is the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as the sample material. Because phagocytic white blood cells (WBC) are precipitated by centrifugation and only plasma is measured, it seems unlikely that the actual amount of BDG is being measured when using PRP...

Primary cutaneous γδ T-cell lymphoma (PCGD-TCL) is an extremely rare and aggressive T-cell neoplasm with complex heterogeneity. We present a series of two patients who presented with firm, subcutaneous nodules and were diagnosed with PCGD-TCL. In both cases, biopsies demonstrated a both superficial and deep adnexotropic infiltrate comprised of angiocentric, medium- to large-sized atypical lymphocytes. The infiltrate extended into the panniculus. Immuno-histochemical stains highlighted atypical lymphocytes that expressed CD3, CD8 and CD56 but were negative for EBV ISH...

The frequency of fungal infections is increasing due to immunodeficiency viruses and immunosuppressive drugs. The most common fungal infection of the oral cavity is candidiasis. The existence of Candida can be a part of normal commensal; hence, the isolation of Candida in the absence of clinical symptoms should exclude candidiasis. The pathogenicity of Candida is witnessed as opportunistic when immune status is compromised. Oral fungal infections are uncommon, but when identified, these infections are associated with greater discomfort and are sometimes destruction of tissues...

Because Japanese cedar pollen (JCP) contains beta-1,3-d-glucan (BG), there is concern that its lingering presence in the atmosphere, especially during its scattering period, may cause false positives in the factor-G-based Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) assay used to test for deep mycosis (i.e., G-test). Hence, we examined whether the LAL assay would react positively with substances contained in JCP by using the G-test to measure JCP particles and extracts. BG was purified from the JCP extract on a BG-specific affinity column, and the percentage extractability was measured using three different BG-specific quantitative methods...