Cerebral palsy, hip

AIM: To develop a short version of the original Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination (HINE) to be used as a screening tool (Brief-HINE) and to establish if the short examination maintains good accuracy and predictive power for detecting infants with cerebral palsy (CP). METHOD: Eleven items were selected from the original HINE ('visual response'; 'trunk posture'; 'movement quantity'; 'movement quality'; 'scarf sign'; 'hip adductor angles'; 'popliteal angle'; 'pull to sit'; 'lateral tilting'; 'forward parachute reaction'; 'tendon reflexes') identifying those items previously found to be more predictive of CP in both low- and high-risk infants...

During the stance phase of a normal gait, the triceps surae muscle controls the advancement of the tibia, which contributes to knee extension. Plantar flexor weakness results in excessive dorsiflexion, and consequently, the knee loses this contribution. However, increasing knee flexion is also seen in patients with cerebral palsy who do not have plantar flexor weakness. We aimed to understand this mechanism through the use of a musculoskeletal dynamic model. The model consists of solid segments connected with rotatory joints and springs to represent individual muscles...

Ankle dysfunction affects more than 50 % of people with cerebral palsy, resulting in atypical gait patterns that impede lifelong mobility. Incline walking requires increased lower limb effort and is a promising intervention that targets lower-limb extensor muscles. A concern when prescribing incline walking to people with gait deficits is that this exercise may be too challenging or reinforce unfavorable gait patterns. This study aims to investigate how ankle exoskeleton assistance and plantar pressure biofeedback would affect gait mechanics and muscle activity during incline walking in CP...

BACKGROUND: Herein, we report the case of a 13-year-old boy with spastic quadriplegia cerebral palsy (CP) at Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level II, engaging in a 6-wk video game-based therapy (VBT) program. This study aimed to offer essential insights regarding VBT's impact on enhancing the physical function and improving the quality of life (QoL) of adolescents diagnosed with CP. This report provides a distinctive viewpoint that can inform and direct future clinical practices and research endeavors...

OBJECTIVE: To describe limitations in range of motion (ROM) in middle-aged adults with cerebral palsy (CP), and identify associations with CP subtype, gross motor function, sex and age. DESIGN: Population-based cohort study. SETTING: Local and regional referral centers. PARTICIPANTS: Inclusion criteria: diagnosis of CP, born 1959 to 1978 and living in the county of Västra Götaland, Sweden. In the population-based register of CP in Western Sweden, 417 subjects were identified and 139 volunteered to participate...

Cerebral palsy (CP) encompasses a range of conditions that impact an individual's mobility, balance, and posture, making it the most prevalent motor impairment in children. In spastic cerebral palsy, muscle stiffness hinders walking and, if left untreated, may lead to complications such as hip dislocations or dysplasia. Adductor spasticity is a common challenge in these children, significantly impeding mobility and daily activities. The risk of hip dislocation escalates as gross motor function declines, particularly in children with severe impairments...

Surgical treatment is indicated for hip dislocation in patients with cerebral palsy (CP), but it requires care due to the state of nutrition and associated clinical comorbidities. The use of resources that minimize blood loss and the need for blood transfusions are essential to avoid complications. Tranexamic acid (TXA) has been highlighted for orthopedic surgeries to control intraoperative bleeding; however, there is a lack of large studies for its use in hip surgeries in patients with CP. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid to reduce bleeding in pediatric patients with cerebral palsy undergoing surgical treatment for hip instability...

BACKGROUND: Patients with cerebral palsy and increased femoral anteversion frequently show disturbing internal rotation gait which may be treated via femoral derotation osteotomy (FDO). A recent study monitored that hip rotation in gait may heavily depend on the procedure by which it is being determined. Traditional measures using the femoral epicondyles as reference for the knee axis (CONV) resulted in more severe transverse plane deviations compared to those using a functional method (FUNC) with relevant implications for treatment indication of FDO...

OBJECTIVES: The current study aimed to determine the proxy measurements for height in children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). MATERIALS & METHODS: In a cross-sectional descriptive study, the length/height of Nigerian children with CP was studied over eighteen months using descriptive statistics. The study subjects comprised children aged 15 months to 17 years with CP. Height/length, weight, arm span, forearm length, mid-upper arm circumference, foot length, head circumference, hip circumference, leg length, and tibia length were measured to the nearest 0...

Clinical gait analysis on uneven surfaces contributes to the ecological assessment of gait deviations of children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). Walking on uneven surfaces requires specific motor strategies, which can be assessed by lower-limb kinematic and inter-joint coordination analyses. This study aimed to assess and compare kinematics and inter-joint coordination between children with CP and their typically developing (TD) peers when walking on even and two levels of uneven surfaces (medium and high)...

INTRODUCTION: Surveillance programs aimed at monitoring hip displacement in patients with cerebral palsy have been demonstrated to decrease the incidence of hip dislocations and properly time surgical intervention, ultimately improving patient outcomes. The objective of this study was to determine whether the implementation of a hip screening to surveillance program at a tertiary academic teaching hospital in 2017 increased the frequency of radiographic evaluations and changed the timing of surgical intervention...

INTRODUCTION: Migration percentage (MP) is the standard radiographic measurement to quantify hip displacement in cerebral palsy (CP) hip surveillance programs. We aim to evaluate the use of MP and other descriptors of hip displacement in radiographic impressions by radiologists and orthopedic surgeons before and after the introduction of hip surveillance guidelines at our institution. METHODS: CP patients who underwent hip surveillance imaging at our institution in 2016 were retrospectively identified, and their radiographic impressions were collected between 2016 and 2019...

Background and Objectives: Single-Event Multi-Level Surgery (SEMLS) is a complex surgical programme in which soft tissue contractures and bony torsional deformities at the ankle, knee and hip, in both lower limbs are surgically corrected during a single operative session, requiring one hospital admission and one period of rehabilitation. The aim of SEMLS is to improve gait and function in ambulant children with cerebral palsy. Utilisation of the SEMLS concept can reduce the number of surgical events, hospital inpatient stays and reduce rehabilitation requirements to a single intensive episode...

This prospective pilot study aimed to develop a personalized hip brace for treating hip subluxation in children with cerebral palsy. Nineteen children, aged 1-15, with severe cerebral palsy participated in the study. Customized hip braces were created based on 3D scanner measurements and worn for 7 days. The primary outcome, Hip Migration Index (MI), and secondary outcomes, including range of motion (ROM) in the hip and knee joints, pain intensity, satisfaction, discomfort scores, CPCHILD, and wearability test, were assessed...

BACKGROUND: Pain in children with cerebral palsy (CP) is a problem that has not received adequate attention in developing countries. The aim of this study was to explore the presence of pain and common sites of pain in children with CP based on age, gender and ambulatory status as determined by the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study based on data from a CP registry (CPUP-Jordan). Participants were 310 children with CP (mean age: 3...

CPUP is a combined follow-up program and national quality registry for cerebral palsy (CP). Since its inception in southern Sweden in 1994, CPUP has expanded geographically to cover all of Sweden, and similar programs are used in several northern European countries. Over 95% of all children with CP in Sweden, and a growing proportion of adults, are followed according to CPUP. The content of CPUP has been developed to involve most professions working with CP. CPUP has led to significant medical improvements...

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the results and intraoperative or postoperative complications of primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) using a contemporary tapered wedge titanium femoral component. A total of 213 THAs in 187 patients were followed up more than 5 years (mean, 102 months ; range, 60-150). The mean age at surgery was 64.2 years (range, 20?89 years). These patients were clinically evaluated using the JOA scoring system and radiographically host bone reactions around the implants, as well as femoral loosening...

The objective of this study was to examine the difference in sensory-motor impairments (i.e., balance, contracture, coordination, strength, spasticity, and sensation) between legs in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. An observational study measured both lower limbs of children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy over one session. Six sensory-motor impairments (balance, coordination, strength, spasticity, contracture, and proprioception) were measured. The between-leg differences were analyzed using the paired t-tests and presented as the mean differences (95% confidence interval (CI))...

Patients with cerebral palsy (CP) frequently require surgical hip interventions in early adulthood due to spasticity-related gait abnormalities. In most instances, these cases are characterized by severe restrictions on mobility. This is the case of a male patient with CP who underwent right proximal femoral open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) and reverse osteotomy for right hip subluxation in young adulthood. Patients with CP who undergo total hip arthroplasty (THA) or ORIF with reverse osteotomy often require future revision...

AIMS: Hip disease is common in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and can decrease quality of life and function. Surveillance programmes exist to improve outcomes by treating hip disease at an early stage using radiological surveillance. However, studies and surveillance programmes report different radiological outcomes, making it difficult to compare. We aimed to identify the most important radiological measurements and develop a core measurement set (CMS) for clinical practice, research, and surveillance programmes...