ARB safety

Many patients undergoing surgical procedures have a history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart failure, or a combination. Often, these conditions involve the chronic use of a renin-angiotensin system inhibitor, including angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). Observational studies have suggested that continuing ACEIs/ARBs before major noncardiac surgery can increase the risk of intraoperative hypotension, which might drive postoperative complications such as acute kidney injury, myocardial injury, or stroke...

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide, greatly impacting patients' quality of life. This article reviews the progress in Salvia miltiorrhiza, an ancient Chinese plant, for the treatment of DM and its associated complications. Extensive studies have been conducted on the chemical composition and pharmacological effects of S miltiorrhiza, including its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. It has demonstrated potential in preventing and treating diabetes and its consequences by improving peripheral nerve function and increasing retinal thickness in diabetic individuals...

BACKGROUND: IgA nephropathy (IgAN), a condition posing a significant threat to public health, currently lacks a specific treatment protocol. Research has underscored the potential benefits of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for treating IgAN. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of various intervention strategies, such as combining TCM with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), lacks a comprehensive systematic comparison. Therefore, this study aimed to conduct a network meta-analysis to assess the clinical efficacy of ACEIs, ARBs, TCM, and their combinations in treating IgAN to offer novel insights and approaches for the clinical management of IgAN...

The transmission of manure- and wastewater-borne antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) to plants contributes to the proliferation of antimicrobial resistance in agriculture, necessitating effective strategies for preventing the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from ARB in the environment to humans. Nanomaterials are potential candidates for efficiently controlling the dissemination of ARGs. The present study investigated the abundance of ARGs in hydroponically grown garlic (Allium sativum L.) following nano-CeO2 (nCeO2 ) application...

Hypertension is a common disorder of major clinical, public health and economic importance. It affects men and women of all ages, and the prevalence is increasing in most countries. Maintenance of blood pressure below 140/90 mm of Hg is recommended by most of the guideline available around the world. Various classes of drugs are being used in the treatment of hypertension. Losartan potassium and amlodipine are two different antihypertensive agents belonging to two different groups used commonly around the world in treating essential hypertension...

BACKGROUND: Valsartan is commonly used for cardiac conditions. In 2018, the Food and Drug Administration recalled generic valsartan due to the detection of impurities. Our objective was to determine if heart failure patients receiving valsartan at the recall date had a greater likelihood of unfavorable outcomes than patients using comparable antihypertensives. METHODS: We conducted a cohort study of Optum's de-identified Clinformatics® Datamart (July 2017-January 2019)...

INTRODUCTION: Proteinuria is a modifiable risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression in children. Finerenone, a selective, non-steroidal, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) has been approved to treat adults with CKD associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) following results from the phase III clinical trials FIDELIO-DKD (NCT02540993) and FIGARO-DKD (NCT02545049). In a pre-specified pooled analysis of both studies (N = 13,026), finerenone was shown to have an acceptable safety profile and was efficacious in decreasing the risk of adverse kidney and cardiovascular outcomes and of proteinuria...

BACKGROUND: The efficacy and safety of sacubitril/valsartan in patients hospitalized with heart failure (HF) across the spectrum of left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) has not been described. OBJECTIVES: Data from randomized trials of sacubitril/valsartan in HF patients with EF ≤40% (PIONEER-HF [Comparison of Sacubitril/Valsartan Versus Enalapril on Effect of NT-proBNP in Patients Stabilized From an Acute Heart Failure Episode] trial) and >40% (PARAGLIDE-HF [Prospective comparison of ARNI with ARB Given following stabiLization In DEcompensated HFpEF] trial) following recent worsening heart failure (WHF) were pooled to examine treatment effect across the EF spectrum...

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors, including angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), are commonly used in the management of hypertension. High blood pressure is a vital risk factor for cardiovascular disease. This study aims to establish any significant difference in using ACEIs and ARBs in managing hypertension. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to conduct this systematic review...

Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) are one of the standard treatments for diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Some patients may opt for Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) of their own free will. However, there is no real-world evidence regarding the effectiveness and safety of CHM. We aimed to explore the effectiveness of CHM for DKD in comparison to ARBs. We enrolled 732 DKD patients (72 used only CHM and 661 used ARBs) from 2007 to 2016, and all patients were followed until December 2016 at China Medical University Hospital in Taiwan...

Agricultural irrigation using reclaimed urban wastewater (RWW) represents a sustainable practice to meet the ever-increasing water stress in modern societies. However, the occurrence of residual antibiotics and antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) in RWW is an important human health concern. This study applied for the first time a novel Simple-Death dose-response model to the field data of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas spp. collected from three greenhouses for cultivation of tomatoes irrigated with RWW. The model estimates the risk of infection by enteropathogenic E...

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a significant global cause of mortality, necessitating the exploration of innovative treatments against the condition. Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), and angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs) such as sacubitril/valsartan have demonstrated promise in managing acute heart failure (HF). However, despite favorable evidence from clinical trials for the use of sacubitril/valsartan in AMI, its overall efficacy remains a subject of debate...

Recent reports have suggested that the susceptibility of cells to SARS-CoV-2 infection can be influenced by various proteins that potentially act as receptors for the virus. To investigate this further, we conducted simulations of viral dynamics using different cellular systems (Vero E6, HeLa, HEK293, and CaLu3) in the presence and absence of drugs (anthelmintic, ARBs, anticoagulant, serine protease inhibitor, antimalarials, and NSAID) that have been shown to impact cellular recognition by the spike protein based on experimental data...

BACKGROUND: Children are particularly at risk of malaria. This analysis consolidates the clinical data for pyronaridine-artesunate (PA) paediatric granules in children from three randomized clinical trials and a real-world study (CANTAM). METHODS: An integrated safety analysis of individual patient data from three randomized clinical trials included patients with microscopically-confirmed Plasmodium falciparum, body weight ≥ 5 kg to < 20 kg, who received at least one dose of study drug (paediatric safety population)...

BACKGROUND: In China, Salvia miltiorrhiza and ligustrazine (SML) injection are widely used as adjunctive therapy for patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, different studies have reported conflicting results. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis are necessary to assess the efficacy and safety of SML injection for the treatment of DKD. METHODS: We searched 6 electronic literature databases comparing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI)/angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), SML injection in combination with ACEIs/ARBs that were conducted from inception until September 5, 2023...

BACKGROUND: The association between antihypertensive medication and schizophrenia has received increasing attention; however, evidence of the impact of antihypertensive medication on subsequent schizophrenia based on large-scale observational studies is limited. We aimed to compare the schizophrenia risk in large claims-based US and Korea cohort of patients with hypertension using angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors versus those using angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) or thiazide diuretics...

INTRODUCTION: IgA nephropathy is one of the most common forms of glomerular disease. Patients with persistent proteinuria are at increased risk of progression to kidney failure. There is a significant need for safe and effective therapies to lower proteinuria in these patients. Sparsentan is a non-immunosuppressive agent that acts as a dual angiotensin and endothelin receptor antagonist. It lowers proteinuria in experimental models of glomerular disease and in affected patients. AREAS COVERED: This review covers the immunological and non-immunological actions of sparsentan in glomerular disease...

Olmesartan, originally known for its antihypertensive properties, exhibits promising potential in addressing inflammation-mediated diseases. As an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), Olmesartan influences pivotal pathways, including reactive oxygen species, cytokines, NF-κB, TNF-α, and MAPK. This suggests a viable opportunity for repurposing the drug in conditions such as ulcerative colitis, neuropathy, nephropathy, and cancer, as supported by multiple preclinical studies. Ongoing clinical trials, particularly in cardiomyopathy and nephropathy, suggest a broader therapeutic scope for Olmesartan...

This article reviews available evidence regarding hypertension management in the Asia-Pacific region, focussing on five research questions that deal with specific aspects: blood pressure (BP) control, guideline recommendations, role of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors in clinical practice, pharmacological management and real-world adherence to guideline recommendations. A PubMed search identified 2537 articles, of which 94 were considered relevant. Compared with Europeans, Asians have higher systolic/diastolic/mean arterial BP, with a stronger association between BP and stroke...

BACKGROUND: Polypharmacy is a growing phenomenon among elderly individuals. However, there is little information about the frequency of polypharmacy among the elderly population treated in emergency departments (EDs) and its prognostic effect. This study aims to determine the prevalence and short-term prognostic effect of polypharmacy in elderly patients treated in EDs. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the Emergency Department Elderly in Needs (EDEN) project's cohort was performed...