dengue pakistan

BACKGROUND: Genomic characterization of the dengue virus (DENV) is useful for understanding its molecular evolution, transmission, pathogenicity and infectivity. The DENV genomic RNA encodes three structural proteins, capsid (C) envelope (E) and membrane (M) proteins mediating viral entry and assembly during host infection. The current study aims to explore the DENV serotypes and mutations in the E and M proteins. METHODS: Twenty-three samples of DENV-positive patients were processed and selected for whole genome sequencing (WGS) from the Punjab Province of Pakistan...

Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne disease caused by flavivirus. It primarily infects people living in tropical and subtropical areas and can be transmitted vertically or horizontally to new-borns. We discuss the clinical spectrum, treatment, and outcomes of five neonates who presented with dengue fever at Aga Khan Hospital for Women in Karimabad, Karachi, Pakistan, during the 2021 post- monsoon season (October to December). Dengue infection was confirmed via positive NS1 antigen test. All new-borns had fever, flushing, and thrombocytopenia...

The global burden of dengue infections has increased dramatically. Early diagnosis of dengue infection is critical to proper medical management to avoid further complications in patients. This study was geared to assess the severity of dengue infections based on clinical and hematological examinations. A cross-sectional study was conducted among febrile patients with dengue infection in a teaching hospital in Pakistan. Blood samples were investigated for dengue-specific antibodies (IgM and IgG) and the nonstructural 1 antigen...

Dengue is one of the most common mosquito-borne viral illnesses in tropical areas, including Pakistan. Presentation varies from a self-limiting flu-like illness to life-threatening conditions like hemorrhagic shock and multi-organ dysfunction leading to death. In the absence of vomiting and diarrhea, electrolyte abnormalities are rare findings. Though Guillain-Barré syndrome is a known association of viral illnesses presenting with flaccid paralysis, there is a possibility for dengue to cause hypokalemia without apparent gut or renal losses...

BACKGROUND: Morbidity and mortality from dengue virus (DENV) is rapidly growing in the large populations of south Asia. Few formal evaluations of candidate dengue vaccine candidates have been undertaken in India, Pakistan, or Bangladesh. Tetravalent vaccines must be tested for safety and immunogenicity in all age groups and in those previously exposed and naive to DENV infections. TV005 is a live, attenuated tetravalent dengue vaccine. We evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of a single dose of TV005 across age groups in dengue-endemic Bangladesh...

The normal physiological colour of plasma and urine ranges from yellow to straw-coloured. In this case report, we describe the occurrence of unusual, dark brown-coloured plasma and cola-coloured urine in a 42-year-man admitted to the Emergency Department. The patient presented with high-grade fever (102oF), chills, nausea, vomiting, dark stools, and dark urine for three days. The plasma was found to be dark brown in colour. He was diagnosed with Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and rhabdomyolysis (RM). He was closely monitored and treated successfully at our hospital...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association of different blood groups in patients with Dengue fever and their relationship with the severity of the illness. METHODS: A hospital-based descriptive study was conducted in the Dengue Isolation Ward of Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar from March 2020 to September 2020. Patients with Dengue fever were included in the study. The severity of the illness was categorized as "Dengue fever (DF)", "Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)", and "Dengue shock syndrome (DSS)"...

The current study regarding the effects of larval diets on the life table parameters of dengue mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti was conducted under laboratory conditions at 27 ± 2 °C and 60 ± 5% relative humidity at NIFA (Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture) Peshawar, Pakistan. The data on life table parameters of Ae. aegypti reared on Diet 1 (replacement diet), Diet 2 (Khan's diet for Anopheles), Diet 3 (Khan's modified diet) and Diet 4 (IAEA diet) were analyzed using the age-stage, two-sex life table software...

OVERVIEW: Dengue fever, a viral illness transmitted by the Aedes mosquito, is capable of causing a range of serious complications, including fulminant hepatic failure, renal dysfunction, encephalitis, encephalopathy, neuromuscular and ophthalmic disorders, seizures, and cardiomyopathy. CASE DESCRIPTION: This report details the case of a 30-year-old lactating woman with no notable medical history who presented to the emergency department with symptoms of high-grade fever, altered mental status, and seizures...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Entomological surveillance for mosquito-borne viruses is vital for monitoring disease transmission and vector control programs. The vector control program is reliant not only on vector density but also on the timely detection of mosquito-borne infections. In the present study, we conducted an entomological surveillance in different locations of Hyderabad, Telangana, India during 2017-2018 and the collected mosquitoes were screened for dengue virus. METHODS: Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used for the identification and serotyping of the dengue virus...

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A rise in the incidence of water-borne, communicable illnesses, and viral outbreaks in Pakistan follows periods of heavy rainfall. Due to climate change, floods and droughts have had devastating effects on human health by facilitating the spread of infectious illnesses including cholera, malaria, typhoid, dengue fever, and viral hepatitis A. Food instability, starvation, malnutrition, and a lack of potable water are only some of the indirect effects of flooding on health. Recently, one of the worst floods in history devastated Pakistan, affecting more than 333 million people along with a significant portion of the nation submerged...

This paper aims to assess and deal with the challenges experienced by medical professionals caring for infectious diseases. In Pakistan, public health is still a serious concern and the main contributor to morbidity and mortality is infectious diseases. The major issue is a resemblance in the clinical symptoms of infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, hepatitis, COVID-19, dengue, and malaria. Early detection of infectious disease is crucial in order to start treatment with counseling and medication. This can only be done if several infections with similar clinical traits can be diagnosed depending on several criteria, including the availability of various kits, the ability to carry out diagnostic procedures, money, and technical staff...

In Pakistan, hemorrhagic diseases, including dengue and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF), are common. Therefore, an accurate diagnosis is challenging in the early stages of sickness owing to geographic overlap and early clinical similarities between the two disorders. A 35-year-old man who had previously experienced hematemesis and high-grade fever presented to our hospital. Despite receiving supportive care for a preliminary diagnosis of dengue hemorrhagic fever, the patient's condition worsened. The results of the dengue IgM antibody test were negative...

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Dengue fever is a viral infection caused by the dengue virus and is a growing concern for public health worldwide, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of a commercially available NS1 ELISA kit for dengue fever in Pakistan using multiplex qRT-PCR as the gold standard. The study recruited 1236 suspected cases of dengue fever admitted to public sector hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan. Of the suspected cases, 610 (49.3%) were confirmed positive for DENV infection through qRT-PCR, with all four serotypes detected...

UNLABELLED: Dengue virus (DENV) has caused about 12 large outbreaks in Pakistan, resulting in 286,262 morbidities and 1108 deaths. The most affected province is Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP). This study was conducted to determine the average DENV prevalence in different areas of the Haripur endemic district of KP and the causing factors of DENV. METHODS: This work was a cross-sectional study that was performed in the DENV endemic district Haripur. A total of 761 individuals were included in this study...

This communication describes the platelet morphology and physiology noted in persons with diabetes and its complications. It reviews the effects of glucose lowering drugs on platelet function, and summarizes the role of anti-platelet drugs in diabetes management.

Dengue fever is one of the most frequent arboviral diseases in the world. Dengue is known to cause myocarditis, hepatitis, and neurological illustrations but one of the established presentations is leakage of plasma resulting in circulatory failure. Spontaneous rupture of the spleen is one of the most infrequent but known outcome of dengue fever which has been reported from time to time in literature. We present, here, the case of a 50-year-old patient who developed this condition during dengue fever and was managed in our department successfully...

Dengue fever (DF) is an arthropod-borne viral infection caused by four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV 1-4) transmitted to the host by the vector mosquito Aedes , which causes fever, vomiting, headache, joint pain, muscle pain, and a distinctive itching and skin rash, ultimately leading to dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. The first case of DF in Pakistan was documented in 1994, but outbreak patterns began in 2005. As of 20 August 2022, Pakistan has 875 confirmed cases, raising alarming concerns...