alveolar bone anomalies

Hypoplastic maxilla is a common skeletal anomaly that compromises function and esthetics. Beyond just a narrow-appearing smile, this abnormality presents significant restorative challenges in adult patients as it is often associated with crowding, compromised axial inclination of the teeth, lack of alveolar bone support, root proximity, and occlusal trauma.1 Recent research also confirms association of maxillary deficiency with nasal stenosis and a predisposition to compromised nasal airflow and pharyngeal collapse during sleep...

BACKGROUND: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images provide high-resolution insights into the underlying craniofacial anomaly in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP), requiring non-negligible annotation costs to measure the cleft defect for the guidance of the clinical secondary alveolar bone graft procedures. Considering the cumbersome volumetric image acquisition, there is a lack of paired CLP CBCTs and normal CBCTs for learning-based anatomical structure restoration models...

Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is the most common craniofacial malformation, with a range of physical, psychological, and aesthetic consequences. In this comprehensive review, our main objective is to thoroughly examine the relationship between CLP anomalies and the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in children. Additionally, we aim to explore how the integration of AI technology can bring about significant advancements in the fields of diagnosis, treatment methods, and predictive outcomes. By analyzing the existing evidence, we will highlight state-of-the-art algorithms and predictive AI models that play a crucial role in achieving precise diagnosis, susceptibility assessment, and treatment planning for children with CLP anomalies...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the normal ranges for overjet in healthy infants under 12 months of age. DESIGN: A cross sectional study of consecutive patients below 12 months of age. SETTING: The study was conducted at a private practice in Tampa, FL that specializes in pediatric craniomaxillofacial disorders. PATIENTS: All patients under the age 12 months were considered for entry into the study...

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to determine safe areas to apply miniscrews in the interradicular region of the maxilla and mandible in individuals with various sagittal skeletal malocclusions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cone beam-computed tomography images of 159 individuals were used. Individuals were divided into three groups: Class I, Class II, and Class III. In the sagittal plane, 3-6-9-mm apical sections were determined from the alveolar crest apex. The buccal cortical bone thickness, interradicular distance, and buccolingual bone distances were measured...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Alveolar clefts are frequently occurring congenital anomalies that can significantly impact both the functional and aesthetic aspects of an individual's life. Thus, reducing the quality of life. These clefts can give rise to difficulties in feeding, speech, and dental development. Furthermore, the presence of a gap in the alveolar ridge can disrupt the proper alignment and eruption of permanent teeth. Various techniques have been developed to effectively repair these defects and restore oral function and rehabilitation...

Cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) is the most common congenital craniofacial anomaly and requires bone grafting of the alveolar cleft. This study aimed to develop a novel classification algorithm to assess the severity of alveolar bone defects in patients with CLP using three-dimensional (3D) surface models and to demonstrate through an interpretable artificial intelligence (AI)-based algorithm the decisions provided by the classifier. Cone-beam computed tomography scans of 194 patients with CLP were used to train and test the performance of an automatic classification of the severity of alveolar bone defect...

Surgical intervention for alveolar bone formation is important in patients with alveolar cleft; however, the treatment methods and materials are still controversial. A precise evaluation method for postoperative bone formation is important for comparing outcomes and establishing the best treatment protocol. The purpose of this study is to establish a new method of evaluating surgical outcomes for patients with alveolar cleft. Computed tomography datasets from 20 patients who underwent secondary alveolar bone grafting were obtained before and 1 year after surgery...

BACKGROUND: Patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) undergo alveolar bone grafting (ABG) to unite the bony segments before eruption of the maxillary permanent canine. PURPOSE: This study assessed the frequency of canine impaction after ABG in the UCLP patient population and identified associated demographic, anatomical, and operative factors. STUDY DESIGN, SETTING, SAMPLE: This retrospective cohort study included 257 patients with UCLP who received ABG surgery at a single craniofacial center...

There are more than 900 genetic syndromes associated with oral manifestations. These syndromes can have serious health implications, and left undiagnosed, can hamper treatment and prognosis later in life. About 6.67% of the population will develop a rare disease during their lifetime, some of which are difficult to diagnose. The establishment of a data and tissue bank of rare diseases with oral manifestations in Quebec will help medical professionals identify the genes involved, will improve knowledge on the rare genetic diseases, and will also lead to improved patient management...

This case report demonstrates a rare finding of a pediatric patient with Morning Glory anomaly and Moyamoya Disease with a palatal meningeal hamartoma discovered as a mass within a previously repaired incomplete cleft of the alveolus. Oral meningeal hamartomas are exceedingly rare with only two palatal cases described and none within a cleft palate or alveolus. These findings prompt a review of oral hamartomas with meningeal subclassification. Further discussion describes the relationship of the proposed origins of meningeal hamartomas within the setting of cleft palate development...

OBJECTIVE: To improving the effectiveness of complex treatment of adult patients with the absence of individual teeth. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Clinical and radiological examination and comprehensive treatment of 37 patients with dental anomalies and the absence of individual teeth were carried out, 24 of them were women (average age 35 years), 13 men (average age 38 years). The patients were divided into two groups: the 1st group - 22 patients with distal occlusion; the 2nd group - 15 patients with mesial occlusion...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the applicability of transplanted teeth in young patients with craniofacial anomalies. DESIGN: Observational study. SETTING: Comprehensive Centre for Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Malformations. PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS: Patients with craniofacial anomalies who underwent tooth transplantation. Only children with complete clinical and radiological documentation and a follow-up period of at least 1...

Oral and maxillofacial tissue defects caused by trauma, tumor reactions, congenital anomalies, ischemic diseases, infectious diseases, surgical resection, and odontogenic cysts present a formidable challenge for reconstruction. Tissue regeneration using functional biomaterials and cell therapy strategies has raised great concerns in the treatment of damaged tissue during the past few decades. However, during biomaterials implantation and cell transplantation, the production of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) may hinder tissue repair as it commonly causes severe tissue injuries leading to the cell damage...

Oligodontia is a developmental dental anomaly defined by the absence of 6 or more permanent teeth, excluding the third molars. We performed a review with a systematic approach and proposed a guideline for the choice of the bone augmentation surgery. The different bone augmentation technique terms were searched in the PubMed and Science Direct database. Clinical studies were eligible if they reported on pre-implant surgery in patients with oligodontia. The database search yielded 400 studies after duplicates removed...

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To find out the sources of formation and the chronological sequence of the morphogenesis of the maxilla at the early stages of human ontogenesis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: 14 series of consecutive histological specimens of human embryos and prefetuses (4,0-66,0 mm of parietal-coccygeal length) aged from 4 to 11 weeks of intrauterine development with the use of a complex of modern morphological methods of investigation (anthropometry, morphometry, microscopy, and 3D computer reconstruction) were studied...

The current study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) examination in cleft children and adolescents, the age of the first CBCT exposure, and the criteria that justified the first CBCT exposure. A number of 229 non-syndromic cleft subjects aged between 0-22 years receiving treatment in the same specialized surgical center in orofacial cleft treatment were studied. A cleft group of 64 cleft lip and palate (CLP) children with at least one CBCT exposure was identified based on CBCT records...

AIM: To identify clinical decisions on surgical as well as non-surgical modalities for the treatment of CLP patients based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: PubMed, Ebscohost, and Cochrane Library were searched and 20 articles based on RCTs conducted on cleft patient management were identified. RESULTS: The topics explored were infant orthopedics, lip and palate repair, alveolar bone grafting, and management of cleft maxillary hypoplasia...

Infraocclusion of a primary molar is a relatively common occurrence which seldom leads to serious complications, particularly when the succedaneous permanent tooth is present. Despite the relative infrequency of unfavorable outcomes, an infraoccluded primary molar may be associated with other dental anomalies, including hypodontia. If diagnosis is delayed, infraocclusion of a primary molar can become severe, with associated negative effects on the adjacent teeth and alveolar bone. This emphasizes the need for routine and periodic orthodontic assessment of growing patients...

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of tooth agenesis, tooth malformation, and eruption patterns of upper canines/first premolars in Taiwanese children. A total of 132 cleft lip and cleft palate (CLCP) patients (82 boys and 50 girls) underwent alveolar bone grafting (ABG) between 2012 and 2022. The patients' dental records and X-ray images were inspected. We examined dental anomalies, including congenital missing teeth, microdontia, and transposition from the upper canines to the upper first premolars in these CLCP patients...