T reg cell

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a severe human infection caused by CCHF virus (CCHFV). Today, although the literature on CCHF pathogenesis is still limited, it is thought to be associated with immunosuppression in the early phase of infection followed by pro-inflammatory immune response that may lead to fatal outcomes. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of regulatory T-cells (Treg cells) in the pathogenesis of CCHFV. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples collected from 14 acute CCHF patients with mild disease course and 13 healthy subjects were included in this study...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disabling inflammatory process that affects young individuals, with growing incidence. The etiopathogenesis of IBD remains poorly understood. A combination of genetic and environmental factors triggers an inadequate immune response against the commensal intestinal flora in IBD patients. Thus, a better understanding of the immunological mechanisms involved in IBD pathogenesis is central to the development of new therapeutic options. Current pharmacological treatments used in clinical practice like thiopurines or anti-TNF are effective but can produce significant side effects and their efficacy may diminish over time...

This study assessed in detail the influence of four different human proteins on the activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes and on the formation of regulatory T cells. Human whole-blood samples were incubated with four different human proteins. The effects of these proteins on the downstream immune-system response, on the expression of extracellular activation markers on and intracellular cytokines in T lymphocytes, and on the number of regulatory T cells (T-reg cells) were investigated via flow cytometry...

Immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked (IPEX) syndrome is a rare inherited disorder leading to severe organ-specific autoimmunity. IPEX is caused by hemizygous mutations in FOXP3, which codes for a master transcription factor of regulatory T (TReg ) cell development and function. We describe a four-year-old boy with typical but slightly delayed-onset of IPEX with autoimmune diabetes mellitus, enteropathy, hepatitis and skin disease. We found the unreported FOXP3 splice site mutation c...

Glioblastoma is the most frequent malignant primary brain tumor. In a hierarchical tumor model, glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSC) play a major role in tumor initiation and maintenance as well as in therapy resistance and recurrence. Thus, targeting this cellular subset may be key to effective immunotherapy. Here, we present a mass spectrometry-based analysis of HLA-presented peptidomes of GSC and glioblastoma patient specimens. Based on the analysis of patient samples (n = 9) and GSC (n = 3), we performed comparative HLA peptidome profiling against a dataset of normal human tissues...

Introduction: Individuals with a known susceptibility to high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) demonstrate a reduced ventilation response and increased pulmonary vasoconstriction when exposed to hypoxia. It is unknown whether reduced sensitivity to hypercapnia is correlated with increased incidence and/or severity of HAPE, and while acute exercise at altitude is known to exacerbate symptoms the effect of exercise training on HAPE susceptibility is unclear. Purpose: To determine if chronic intermittent hypercapnia and exercise increases the incidence of HAPE in rats...

The pathophysiology of drug-resistant pediatric epilepsy is unknown. Flow cytometric analysis of inflammatory leukocytes in resected brain tissues from 29 pediatric patients with genetic (focal cortical dysplasia) or acquired (encephalomalacia) epilepsy demonstrated significant brain infiltration of blood-borne inflammatory myeloid cells and memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Significantly, proinflammatory (IL-17- and GM-CSF-producing) γδ T cells were concentrated in epileptogenic lesions, and their numbers positively correlated with disease severity...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Skeletal muscle regeneration is a highly orchestrated process that depends on multiple immune-system cell types, notably macrophages (MFs) and Foxp3+ CD4+ regulatory T (Treg ) cells. This study addressed how Treg cells rein in MFs during regeneration of murine muscle after acute injury with cardiotoxin. We first delineated and characterized two subsets of MFs according to their expression of major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) molecules, i.e., their ability to present antigens. Then, we assessed the impact of Treg cells on these MF subsets by punctually depleting Foxp3+ cells during the regenerative process...

In the version of this article initially published, the institution name for affiliation 3 (Maryland Anderson Cancer Center) was incorrect. The correct institution is MD Anderson Cancer Center. The error has been corrected in the HTML and PDF versions of the article.

We conducted an experimental database analysis to determine the expression of 61 CD4+ Th subset regulators in human and murine tissues, cells, and in T-regulatory cells (Treg) in physiological and pathological conditions. We made the following significant findings: (1) adipose tissues of diabetic patients with insulin resistance upregulated various Th effector subset regulators; (2) in skin biopsy from patients with psoriasis, and in blood cells from patients with lupus, effector Th subset regulators were more upregulated than downregulated; (3) in rosiglitazone induced failing hearts in ApoE-deficient (KO) mice, various Th subset regulators were upregulated rather than downregulated; (4) aortic endothelial cells activated by proatherogenic stimuli secrete several Th subset-promoting cytokines; (5) in Treg from follicular Th (Tfh)-transcription factor (TF) Bcl6 KO mice, various Th subset regulators were upregulated; whereas in Treg from Th2-TF GATA3 KO mice and HDAC6 KO mice, various Th subset regulators were downregulated, suggesting that Bcl6 inhibits, GATA3 and HDAC6 promote, Treg plasticity; and (6) GATA3 KO, and Bcl6 KO Treg upregulated MHC II molecules and T cell co-stimulation receptors, suggesting that GATA3 and BCL6 inhibit Treg from becoming novel APC-Treg...

OBJECTIVES: Danazol is an attenuated androgen and is used in the treatment of aplastic anemia (AA) in resource constraint settings. We chose to study the role of CD4+ CD25high CD127low FoxP3+ T regulatory cells (T-regs) in the pathophysiology of AA and their response to treatment with Danazol alone or in combination with immunosuppressive treatment (IST). METHODS: T-regs' percentages of 25 acquired idiopathic AA patients and 25 healthy controls who completed study protocol were analyzed by performing multicolor flowcytometry on peripheral blood samples...

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common vasculitis in adults affecting large and medium-sized arteries. IL-6 and T cell accumulation within the arterial wall contribute to the pathogenesis of GCA, and blockade of IL-6 activity is efficacious in its treatment. We examined the relationship between levels of IL-6 expression and immunological processes that control the expansion of T cells in GCA-positive temporal artery biopsies. CD4 T cells accumulated in clusters within the media and deep intima of all GCA lesions...

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prognostic significance of spatial proximity of lung cancer cells and specific immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We probed formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue microarrays using a novel tyramide signal amplification multiplexing technique labelling CD8, CD4, Foxp3, and CD68+ cells. Each multiplex stained immunohistochemistry slide was digitally processed by Vectra INFORMS software, and an X- and Y-coordinate assigned to each labeled cell type...

T follicular regulatory (Tfr) cells are a new subset of regulatory T (T reg) cells localized in the germinal center to limit the humoral response. Until now, the physiological function of Tfr cells has been largely unknown. In this study, we developed a Bcl6fl/fl Foxp3Cre mouse to analyze the function of Tfr cells in immune and autoimmune responses. These mice exhibited enhanced immunity to influenza virus; moreover, Bcl6fl/fl Foxp3Cre/Cre mice developed late-onset spontaneous autoimmune diseases, affecting the salivary glands with lymphocyte infiltration and antibody deposition...

BACKGROUND: Chronic lung disease resulting from dysfunctional cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and NFκB-mediated neutrophilic-inflammation forms the basis of CF-related mortality. Here we aimed to evaluate if HDAC inhibition controls Pseudomonas-aeruginosa-lipopolysaccharide (Pa-LPS) induced airway inflammation and CF-lung disease. METHODS: For in vitro experiments, HEK293-cells were transfected with IL-8 or NFκB-firefly luciferase, and SV40-renilla- luciferase reporter constructs or ΔF508-CFTR-pCEP, followed by treatment with suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), Trichostatin-A (TSA) and/or TNFα...

In the thymus, medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTEC) determine the fate of newly selected CD4+ and CD8+ single positive (SP) thymocytes. For example, mTEC expression of Aire controls intrathymic self-antigen availability for negative selection. Interestingly, alterations in both Foxp3+ Regulatory T-cells (T-Reg) and conventional SP thymocytes in Aire-/- mice suggest additional, yet poorly understood, roles for Aire during intrathymic T-cell development. To examine this, we analysed thymocytes from Aire-/- mice using Rag2GFP and Foxp3 expression, and a recently described CD69/MHCI subset definition of post-selection CD4+ conventional thymocytes...

Respiratory syncytial virus-bronchiolitis is a major independent risk factor for subsequent asthma, but the causal mechanisms remain obscure. We identified that transient plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) depletion during primary Pneumovirus infection alone predisposed to severe bronchiolitis in early life and subsequent asthma in later life after reinfection. pDC depletion ablated interferon production and increased viral load; however, the heightened immunopathology and susceptibility to subsequent asthma stemmed from a failure to expand functional neuropilin-1+ regulatory T (T reg) cells in the absence of pDC-derived semaphorin 4a (Sema4a)...

OBJECTIVE: To explore the immunoreaction against protoscolex infection by the recombinant ferritin of echinococcus granulosus (rEg.ferritin) immunized mice. METHODS: Bone marrow deriedstem cells (BMDCs) were collected and exposed in different antigens by cell culture and included 6 groups,there were hydatid fluid (HF) group (HF 30 μg/mL),rEg.ferritin group (rEg.ferritin 1 μg/mL), rEg.ferritin+LPS group (rEg.ferritin 1 μg/mL and LPS 100 ng/mL),HF+LPS group (HF 30 μg/mL and LPS 100 ng/mL),LPS group (LPS 100 ng/mL) and control (not add antigen)...