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Keywords Pulmonary hypertension of the ...

Pulmonary hypertension of the Newborn

https://read.qxmd.com/read/38476788/persistent-pulmonary-hypertension-of-newborns-secondary-to-labile-hypoxemia-associated-with-cyanosis-a-case-series
#1
Anushka P Bhagwat, H V Sharath, Nikita H Seth, Saurabh N Puri
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is a condition that can be fatal, marked by increased pulmonary vascular resistance that causes blood to shunt from the right to the left. Six infants that present with PPHN due to labile hypoxemia and related cyanosis are examined in this case series. Clinical manifestations, such as premature deliveries, maternal problems, and different reactions to early therapies, are revealed by perinatal and postnatal histories. The newborns' respiratory distress prompted the use of oxygen supplementation and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), but intubation was required due to continued hypoxemia...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38475689/progress-in-the-application-of-echocardiography-in-neonatal-pulmonary-hypertension
#2
REVIEW
Zehang Hu, Shumin Fan
Purpose: This review aims to overview the use of echocardiography in diagnosing neonatal pulmonary hypertension, assessing cardiac function, and understanding the significance and limitations of various parameters in clinical practice. Materials and methods: Advancements in echocardiography for diagnosing and assessing neonatal pulmonary hypertension, evaluating cardiac function, monitoring treatment effectiveness, and predicting prognosis are discussed. Results: Echocardiography is a pivotal tool for diagnosing and managing neonatal pulmonary hypertension...
December 2024: Journal of Maternal-fetal & Neonatal Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38470520/occurrence-of-hyperoxia-during-ino-treatment-for-persistent-pulmonary-hypertension-of-the-newborn-a-cohort-study
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Justine de Jager, Fleur Brouwer, Jeroen Reijman, Roel L F van der Palen, Sylke J Steggerda, Remco Visser, Arjan B Te Pas, Janneke Dekker
High concentrations of oxygen are often needed to optimize oxygenation in infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN), but this can also increase the risk of hyperoxemia. We determined the occurrence of hyperoxemia in infants treated for PPHN. Medical records of infants ≥ 34 + 0 weeks gestational age (GA) who received inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) were retrospectively reviewed for oxygenation parameters during iNO therapy. Oxygen was manually titrated to target arterial oxygen tension (PaO2 ) 10-13 kPa and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2 ) 92-98%...
March 12, 2024: European Journal of Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38419972/outcomes-of-postnatal-systemic-corticosteroids-administration-in-ventilated-preterm-newborns-a-systematic-review-of-randomized-controlled-trials
#4
REVIEW
Giovanni Boscarino, Viviana Cardilli, Maria Giulia Conti, Federica Liguori, Paola Repole, Pasquale Parisi, Gianluca Terrin
INTRODUCTION: Prolonged mechanical ventilation, commonly used to assist preterm newborns, increases the risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). In recent decades, studies have demonstrated that systemic corticosteroids play a significant role in the prevention and management of BPD. In this systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), we evaluated the association between the administration of systemic corticosteroids in preterm infants and its long-term outcomes, such as neurodevelopment, growth, extubation rate, and related adverse effects...
2024: Frontiers in Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38393925/serum-pentraxin-3-levels-in-term-neonates-with-persistent-pulmonary-hypertension
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A E A Asal, Z F Oshaiba, E N A Mansour, O H Abd Elaziz, A A A Nasr
BACKGROUND: Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the neonate (PPHN) is a serious disorder. The long pentraxin 3 (PTX3) plays an important role in angiogenesis, cell proliferation, tissue repair and cell regulation. The present study aims to assess the diagnostic and clinical value of PTX3 in PPHN. METHODS: The present case-control 60 full-term neonates diagnosed with PPHN by echocardiography within 72 hours of birth. In addition, there were 30 age and sex-matched healthy neonates who served as controls...
February 21, 2024: Journal of Neonatal-perinatal Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38388286/risk-factors-for-preoperative-pneumothorax-in-neonates-with-isolated-left-sided-congenital-diaphragmatic-hernia-an-international-cohort-study
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kazunori Masahata, Kouji Nagata, Keita Terui, Takuya Kondo, Ashley H Ebanks, Matthew T Harting, Terry L Buchmiller, Yasunori Sato, Hiroomi Okuyama, Noriaki Usui
BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with isolated left-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) who developed preoperative pneumothorax and determine its risk factors. METHODS: We performed an international cohort study of patients with CDH enrolled in the Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Study Group registry between January 2015 and December 2020. The main outcomes assessed included survival to hospital discharge and preoperative pneumothorax development...
January 29, 2024: Journal of Pediatric Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38380928/pulmonary-complications-of-cytomegalovirus-infection-in-neonates-and-infants-a-systematic-review-of-case-reports-and-pooled-analysis
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leong Tung Ong, Si Wei David Fan
BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) causes intrauterine infections in 0.67% of neonates, with 12.7% displaying symptoms at birth. CMV can lead to severe multiorgan involvement, and mortality in symptomatic cases is around 30%. Pulmonary complications are rare in infants with CMV. This review assesses pulmonary complications and outcomes in infants with CMV infection. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, SCOPUS and Ovid SP to retrieve case reports on pulmonary complications in infants with congenital or perinatal CMV infection...
February 21, 2024: Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38373859/inhaled-nitric-oxide-therapy-for-preterm-infants-after-7-days-of-age-a-scoping-review-protocol
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yohei Minamitani, Shin Kato, Miku Hosokawa, Toshinori Nakashima, Sota Iwatani, Atsushi Nakao, Daichi Suzuki, Erika Ota, Hidehiko Nakanishi
INTRODUCTION: Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) use is recommended for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn in term and late preterm infants. Recently, iNO therapy to prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or rescue for hypoxic respiratory failure and pulmonary hypertension secondary to BPD has increasingly been used in preterm infants after 7 days of postnatal age (in the postacute phase), despite its off-label use. However, the initiation criteria of iNO therapy for preterm infants in the postacute phase are varied...
February 19, 2024: BMJ Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38371432/cardiovascular-effects-of-a-thoracoamniotic-shunt-in-a-fetus-affected-by-isolated-right-congenital-diaphragmatic-hernia-and-hydrops
#9
Silvio Tartaglia, Carmela Paciullo, Daniela Visconti, Antonio Lanzone, Marco De Santis
A thoracoamniotic shunt was placed in a fetus affected by a right congenital diaphragmatic hernia (RCDH) complicated by voluminous nonimmune hydrops (NIH) at 30 weeks of gestation. The fetus showed congestive cardiac failure with a combined cardiac output (CCO) of 460.7 ml/min (Z-score: -1.2). After seven days, no edema, ascites, or pleural effusion was present. CCO increased significantly, reaching a Z-score of -0.2, as well as right and left cardiac output (Z-scores: -0.3 and -0.8, respectively). Two weeks later, the cardiac function and the ascites got worse despite the correct shunt placement, suggesting a possible occlusion...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38363176/comparison-of-different-treatments-of-persistent-pulmonary-hypertension-of-the-newborn-a-systematic-review-and-network-meta-analysis
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qiang Fei, Jiarong Pan, Feizhou Zhang, Yu Lin, Tianming Yuan
OBJECTIVES: Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is a life-threatening disease. Despite being considered the gold standard treatment scheme, inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) is not readily available in settings with limited resources. Therefore, in recent years, research on related drugs is being actively pursued. Herein, we aimed to use random-effects network meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and associated mortality of different PPHN therapies. DATA SOURCES: We electronically searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library for data up to January 27, 2023...
February 16, 2024: Critical Care Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38357510/does-perinatal-management-have-the-potential-to-reduce-the-risk-of-intraventricular-hemorrhage-in-preterm-infants
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peter Korček, Jan Širc, Ivan Berka, Jáchym Kučera, Zbyněk Straňák
BACKGROUND: Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is an important cause of neurodevelopmental impairment in preterm infants. A number of risk factors for IVH have already been proposed; however, some controversies regarding optimal perinatal management persist. This study aimed to identify perinatal and neonatal attributes associated with IVH in a representative population of preterm infants. METHODS: Perinatal data on 1,279 very preterm infants (<32 weeks of gestation) admitted to a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit were analyzed...
2024: Frontiers in Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38329072/bosentan-in-the-treatment-of-persistent-pulmonary-hypertension-in-newborns-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ning Gao, Yuanyuan Lv, Yanbin Cui, Pengchun Wang, Xin He
BACKGROUND: Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn is a life-threatening condition that affects about 1-2 per 1,000 live births worldwide. Bosentan is an oral dual endothelin receptor antagonist that may have a beneficial effect on persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn by reducing pulmonary vascular resistance and improving oxygenation. However, its role in persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn remains unclear. OBJECTIVES: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of bosentan as an adjuvant therapy for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn in newborns...
February 8, 2024: Cardiology in the Young
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38325951/pulmonary-hypertension-of-the-newborn
#13
EDITORIAL
Lucky Jain
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 2024: Clinics in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38325949/inhaled-nitric-oxide-in-neonatal-pulmonary-hypertension
#14
REVIEW
Michael W Cookson, John P Kinsella
Pivotal trials investigating the use of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) in the 1990s led to approval by the Food and Drug Administration in 1999. Inhaled nitric oxide is the only approved pulmonary vasodilator for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN). Selective pulmonary vasodilation with iNO in near-term and term neonates with PPHN is safe, and targeted use of iNO in less mature neonates with pulmonary hypertension (PH) can be beneficial. This review addresses a brief history of iNO, clinical features of neonatal PH, and the clinical application of iNO...
March 2024: Clinics in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38325948/oxygen-targets-in-neonatal-pulmonary-hypertension-individualized-precision-medicine-approach
#15
REVIEW
Satyan Lakshminrusimha, Steven H Abman
Oxygen is a specific pulmonary vasodilator. Hypoxemia causes pulmonary vasoconstriction, and normoxia leads to pulmonary vasodilation. However, hyperoxia does not enhance pulmonary vasodilation but causes oxidative stress. There are no clinical trials evaluating optimal oxygen saturation or Pao2 in pulmonary hypertension. Data from translational studies and case series suggest that oxygen saturation of 90% to 97% or Pao2 between 50 and 80 mm Hg is associated with the lowest pulmonary vascular resistance...
March 2024: Clinics in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38325947/targeted-neonatal-echocardiography-in-the-management-of-neonatal-pulmonary-hypertension
#16
REVIEW
Stephanie M Boyd, Martin Kluckow, Patrick J McNamara
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) in neonates, originating from a range of disease states with heterogeneous underlying pathophysiology, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Although the final common pathway is a state of high right ventricular afterload leading to compromised cardiac output, multiple hemodynamic phenotypes exist in acute and chronic PH, for which cardiorespiratory treatment strategies differ. Comprehensive appraisal of pulmonary pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance, cardiac function, pulmonary and systemic blood flow, and extrapulmonary shunts facilitates delivery of individualized cardiovascular therapies in affected newborns...
March 2024: Clinics in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38325946/comorbidities-and-late-outcomes-in-neonatal-pulmonary-hypertension
#17
REVIEW
Emily S Stieren, Deepika Sankaran, Satyan Lakshminrusimha, Catherine A Rottkamp
Long-term outcomes of persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn (PPHN) depend on disease severity, duration of ventilation, and associated anomalies. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia survivors may have respiratory morbidities and developmental delay. The presence of PPHN is associated with increased mortality in hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, though the effects on neurodevelopment are less clear. Preterm infants can develop pulmonary hypertension (PH) early in the postnatal course or later in the setting of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)...
March 2024: Clinics in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38325945/randomized-controlled-trials-of-pulmonary-vasodilator-therapy-adjunctive-to-inhaled-nitric-oxide-for-persistent-pulmonary-hypertension-of-the-newborn-a-systematic-review
#18
REVIEW
Kristen Coletti, K Taylor Wild, Elizabeth E Foglia, Suzan Cochius-den Otter, Haresh Kirpalani
Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) is a pulmonary vasodilator considered standard of care to treat persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. However, not all infants respond to iNO. The authors performed a systematic review to examine methodology, outcomes, and challenges of randomized controlled trials testing pulmonary vasodilator medications adjunctive to iNO. The 5 trials identified showed heterogeneity in eligibility criteria and outcomes assessed. No trial achieved recruitment goals, limiting conclusions regarding efficacy, safety, and pharmacology...
March 2024: Clinics in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38325944/etiology-diagnosis-and-management-of-persistent-pulmonary-hypertension-of-the-newborn-in-resource-limited-settings
#19
REVIEW
Prathik Bandiya, Rajeshwari Madappa, Ajay Raghav Joshi
Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn (PPHN) is more common in Low and middle income countries (LMICs) due to high incidence of sepsis, perinatal asphyxia and meconium aspiration syndrome. Presence of hypoxic respiratory faillure and greater than 5% difference in preductal and post ductal saturation increases clinical sucipision for PPHN. The availability of Inhaled nitric oxide and extracorporaeal membrane oxygenation is limited but pulmonary vasodilators such as sildenafil are readily available in most LMICs...
March 2024: Clinics in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38325943/pulmonary-hypertension-in-developmental-lung-diseases
#20
REVIEW
Olivier Danhaive, Csaba Galambos, Satyan Lakshminrusimha, Steven H Abman
Diverse genetic developmental lung diseases can present in the neonatal period with hypoxemic respiratory failure, often associated with with pulmonary hypertension. Intractable hypoxemia and lack of sustained response to medical management should increase the suspicion of a developmental lung disorder. Genetic diagnosis and lung biopsy are helpful in establishing the diagnosis. Early diagnosis can result in optimizing management and redirecting care if needed. This article reviews normal lung development, various developmental lung disorders that can result from genetic abnormalities at each stage of lung development, their clinical presentation, management, prognosis, and differential diagnoses...
March 2024: Clinics in Perinatology
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